Pedagogy and education - rubric Effectiveness of training

Abstract: In his article Brovkin describes the main principles and approaches that may help young professors to adjust to their teaching at a university, learn pedagogical methods and find the right approach to students. The author reveals peculiarities of scientific, methodological, teaching and educational activity. He also defines and analyzes problems related to teaching at a higher school as well as their possible solutions. Brovkin studies personal features of university professors and factors that influence success of teaching activity. The author presents results of his own experience in increasing efficiency of teaching methods in the process of teaching. Special attention is paid to the methods of encouraging students' motivation. The results of the present research were obtained through analysis and systematisation of researches conducted by the author himself and other researchers as well. The main results of the research are the following: the author has proved to need to improve the Russian system of education in order to shorten the gap between theory and practice; he has also covered the main problems associated with teaching at a high school and their possible solutions; offer efficient methods of increasing students' motivation; and define what qualities and competences a student should have in order to successfully work on their self education and self improvement.

Keywords: university, motivation, interactive methods, methods of teaching, methods of knowledge transfer, teacher in higher education, teaching, student, efficiency, conception of learning

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2021.4.37144

Abstract: This article is the result of research carried out during the pandemic, which was intended to determine the interrelation between certain methodological techniques and engagement of students in the distant learning process. The following techniques were used for improving the effectiveness of educational process: well-defined structure of the lecture, presentation as the system of questions and topics for discussion, grasping new material in the form of discussion, test cases on the material learned, weekly results and systematization of knowledge, implementation of video materials in homework. The authors held lectures in accordance with all listed points, observing the response and motivation of students. The surveys conducted at the beginning and at the end of the lecture course indicate a sharp increase in cognitive activity, overall satisfaction of students, and interest in further study of the discipline. The students also gave a five point scale rating to each of the offered methodological techniques; in spite of the hypothesis advanced by the authors, the students highlighted presentation as the system of questions and discussion during a distant lecture. The research demonstrates that such methodological techniques effectively increase students' engagement in the learning process, as well as stimulate cognitive activity. The described aspects of conducting lectures can be applied not only in distant format, but in offline learning as well.

Keywords: satisfaction with the course, students' involvment, motivation, test assignment, discussion, presentation, methodological techniques, remote lectures, questioning, video

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2017.4.24401

Abstract: The subject of the research is reading as a culturological factor of child's genius development. Today's modernizatin of Russian education has a focus on humanisation and humanitarization which determines the need in the culturological approach to studying pedagogical issues. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of reading as a culturological factor that helps to discover child's genius and creates grounds for developing it. The authors of the article bring forth a number of issues that relate to the role of reading in the development of genius at different stges of physiological and personality development. The research methods include analysis and generalisation of progressive educational experience in developing child's genius as well as such methods as observation, questionnaire survey and statistical methods. This article presents results of the research that involved 130 lecturers aged 25 - 79 y. o. from Elabuga Institute (branch) of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University. Respondents had bright personal and professional qualities and talents which allowed to consider them to be genius people. The research involved a survey based on the authors' questionnaire about reading activity of respondents at different stages of their personal development as well as genius and influence of reading on its development. The results of the research demonstrate positive effect of reding as a culturological factor on the development of child's genius. In addition, the authors conclude that people who have achieved a certain stage in their professional and personal development (including genius) are characterised with constant reading activity. The authors of the article also bring up a number of issues tha relate to the role of reading on genius development.

Keywords: recreational reading, personality development, readers' literacy, reading activity, culturological approach, culturological factor, reading, kinds of genius, development of genius, child's genius

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2017.2.23249

Abstract: In her article Shakhmarova proves the important role of project-research activity in terms of academic standards. The subject of the present research is the problems of arranging project-research activity and possible solutions of these problems. According to the academic standards requirements, project-research activity is aimed at developing the research and project activity skills of school students. A personal result of project-research activity is the development of a researcher's position, i.e. specific personal trait defining active and initiative attitude of a school student to the learning process and knowledge. The research was carried out using both theoretical and practical methods, in particular, analysis of psychological and pedagogical sources on the matter, determination of models of project-research activity, and empirical methods such as observation, educational experiment, collection of data (survey and tests). As a result of her research, Shakhmarova defines the following problems faced by teachers and school students when conducting project-research activity and preparing a final research project: a teacher being not quite ready for arranging project-research activity of students, low research skills of teachers and children, insufficient facilities and equipment of educational establishments for conducting experiments. The results of the research can be useful for teachers who conduct project research activity at educational establishments.

Keywords: research culture, project culture, research style of thinking, models of project-research activity, individual research project, researcher's position, research activity, project activity, problems of research activity, project-research activity

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2020.2.32975

Abstract: The subject of this research is the learning of English language by students of the department of Foreign Languages and Area Studies of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University in the context of the basic course curriculum “Foreign Language I (English)”. The object of this research is the motives for learning English language and their impact upon motivation in the educational process. Based on results of survey carried out among students, analysis is conducted on the motives for learning English language and their transformation during the educational process. The acquire data present new relevant information that allows determining the forms of motivation contributing to successful acquisition of the curriculum, formation of professional and general cultural competencies of students, and improvement of educational process. The conclusion is made on the prevalence in students of inner motive for learning aimed at development of communication skills and overcoming language barrier. Implementation of classes in form of discussions into the educational process enhances positive motivation, and involvement of the specifically developed textbooks contribute to successful learning of foreign language within the framework of educational standard.

Keywords: discussion forms of activities in class, internal learning motive, student survey results, learning activities, Regional Studies Department students, learning English, motivation, motive, development of communication skills, overcoming language barrier

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2019.1.25719

Abstract: The article is related to the problem of studying Russian grammar during lessons of Russian as a foreign language. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the proper presentation of the didactic material leads to successful mastering of Russian grammar. Great difficulties in understanding are caused by The Adjective, which, as a rule, differs or is rarely used in foreigner's native languages. Practice shows that foreigners use only those lexical items which by association exist in their mother tongues. The goal of the research is to frame and approve the methods of presentation of didactic material contributing to successful digestion of the studied theme. The methodology of the research is based on analysis and observation, which: let the author distinguish the typical mistakes made by the students in the process of building the speech patterns. Conclusions: 1. In the process of studying the topic: The Adjective. The first stage includes studying the definition of The Adjective, what questions does it answer, its gender. The second stage - is studying the endings of The Adjective depending on the gender. The third stage - is coordination of The Adjective with The Nouns. Only after reinforcement of studied material, the studying of cases of The Adjective can be started. 2. The teacher must keep in mind that the teacher should use elementary words in the process of explaining the grammatical material during the first stage of studying. It is necessary to pronounce words clearly, slowly, not to use a great number of linguistic terms which cause difficulties in perception of the Russian language among the students of non-linguistic specialties.

Keywords: Russian as a foreign, lexical items, learning grammar, learning adjectives, native language, language mediator, the students, the end, didactic material, Adjective

Abstract: Conception of Russian Education Modernization 2020 and new projects of the federal state educational standard of the second generation fixed the tendency to transform the contents of the Russian education into the level of key educational competences. It means that the knowledge approach is replaced by the competent approach and a student’s ability to organize his work comes to the first place instead of how much he knows. Useful bonds and relations constitute a huge potential in the modern world and it makes it possible to use crowdsourcing, i.e. solve the problem in the best way by using the collective mind. In this connection, Scientific Fairs and Internet-discussions become very popular nowadays. These are a new form of working with students that promotes cooperation of young minds, specialists, practical experts and provides an opportunity for information exchange and for the problem solution based on the analysis of a great number of opinions. Such activities are very important because besides traditional education, modern human, businessman and innovator also need to develop his professional communication.

Keywords: pedagogy, crowdsourcing, modernization of education, non-traditional forms, scientific ideas, Scientific Fair, internet-discussion, competent approach, new format, independent work.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2018.3.25523

Abstract: Training as a method of active learning in the framework of the university course "Russian language and culture of speech" is considered as a means of developing communicative and speech competences. The purpose of the study is to describe the possibilities of using this method and its effectiveness on the basis of the Omsk Automobile and Armored Engineering Institute (the 1st-year students). The subject of the research is the effectiveness of the training technology in teaching the Russian language and the culture of speech at the university (using the example of a military university). 250 cadets became participants in the pedagogical experiment. The main method is a pedagogical experiment. During the school year, training sessions (role-playing and discussions) and training sessions, some of which are described in the article, were applied in the study groups. The training method covered almost all the main topics of the discipline “Norms of the Russian literary language”, “Functional styles of the Russian literary language”, “Layers of the national language”, “Military rhetoric”. The results indicate that the development of the curriculum and the formation of communicative and speech competences is more productive using the training as a method of enhancing cognitive activity because it allows to organize the educational process bringing it as close as possible to the future professional activity of students in the aspect of speech interaction.

Keywords: the cadets of the military University, speech culture, the Russian language, a speech competence, a communicative competence, training, linguodidactic, competence-based approach, a speech of cadets, the effectiveness of language teaching

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2021.4.35149

Abstract: The subject of this research is the use of an authentic feature films in the process of teaching English language. Based on the analysis of theoretical material, the article covers the questions related to the use of films during the classes in higher educational institutions, since despite the old-established practice of using audiovisual means, there is yet no universal methodology for working with films. The author offers to organize classes based on watching the “American Beauty”, which would enrich the vocabulary, analyze various situation of verbal and nonverbal communication, give representation on the national peculiarities of language behavior. The authentic feature films have been largely used in the process of teaching foreign language. However, more than ever before the use of audio and video materials has become a strict necessity for the effective teaching of students of various specialties. The command of a foreign language is not only the ability to conduct verbal communication, but establish the cross-cultural dialogue that ensures effective communication. Therefore, competent linguistic, culturological, and country-specific training is required. The effectiveness of using feature film in the learning process is determined first and foremost by the peculiarities of cinematographic art, which can strongly affect the audience. This is achieved by combining video sequence and sound (including music). Therefore, the audience receives a visual representation on the place of the ongoing events, appearance of the characters, analyze the specificities of nonverbal means of communication, and determine their impact upon the content of communication and its results. The author’s experience of conducting film analysis with the students of non-philological specialties indicates students’ interest in such activities, both at the lectures or doing homework, and thus high academic performance.

Keywords: cultural stereotypes, speech behavior, dialogue of cultures, intercultural communication, audiovisual means, communicative technique, non-verbal means, verbal means of communication, authentic feature film, speech act

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2018.1.22548

Abstract: An improvement of methods of calculation of individual indicators of the levels of completeness of mastering the content of the concept, the completeness of learning the number of connections of this concept with other concepts and the completeness of learning of the concept proposed by A.V. Usova for cases where the distribution of the measured values differs significantly from normal distribution is proposed. Modified indicators of quality of formation of concepts is proposed to define using the median performance of the corresponding samples. Examples of the resulting differences in the calculation for both methods is shown as well as the importance of these techniques in the process of formation of system of concepts in the transition to developing methodological education. The formation of concepts is subject of a number of works of A.V. Usova, which introduces the following numerical measures necessary for the implementation of the process of formation of concepts: the completeness of assimilation of students of the concept, the completeness of learning the number of connections of this concept with other concepts and the completeness of learning of the concept, defined as the arithmetic average of the individual indicators of assimilation for the group. In our opinion, along with the proposed A.V. Usova formulas, you must also use the medians of the corresponding samples. Some results of the pedagogical experiment showing the results of applying both methods is presented. Proposed improvement of methods of calculation of individual indicators of quality of formation of concepts in the group will more adequately control for the dynamics of these indicators in cases where a density distribution of the individual indicators differs significantly from the normal Gaussian distribution.

Keywords: logic of social behavior, methodological skills, Outlook, worldview, completeness of mastering, formation of concepts, methodological pedagogy, quality control, feedback, method of Usova

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2021.4.36804

Abstract: The subject of this research is the system for assessing academic performance of Bachelor’s degree students. The goal is to improve this system namely increase the accuracy of the results, motivation and engagement of the participants in the performance review. The article employs the following empirical methods: research on this topic, modern trends in the system for assessing academic performance, development of the system of academic ratings, complication the assessment system due to inclusion of the results of social, cultural and sports activity of students in the overall rating. The central methods of obtaining information include observation and recitation of Bachelor’s degree students of the Russian university. Recommendations are formulated in accordance with the acquired data. The novelty lies in consideration of the system for assessing academic performance as the factor that determines the quality of education, as well as in development of recommendations for improving the assessment system. The result of the conducted research consists in recommendations on the form and content of performance review aimed at increasing the accuracy of the assessment system. The advantages of revision of the assessment system for beneficiaries (universities, students, and employers) are substantiated. The author analyzes the effectiveness of the strategies “assessment of academic performance” and “assessment for academic performance”, as well as the role of intermediary and final performance review for various beneficiaries. The conclusion is made on the need to continue the research of the assessment system and methods for its improvement, taking into account the new educational trends.

Keywords: summative assessment, formative assessment, assessment of learning, assessment for learning, beneficiary, bachelor degree program, HE quality, distant learning, academic dishonesty, feedback

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.4.14008

Abstract: The article describes a new method of project activities applied during implementation of the educational process in the Master's degree program and contributing to the effective implementation of the competence-based approach in the education process there. Within the given context, the crowdsourcing method is veiwed as the 'co-creation of benefits'. The purpose of the method is to develop innotative thinking skills of students studying for a Master's degree, the kind of skills that would allow them to design and build the social environment for education, the ability to adapt to modern socio-economic conditions, to find organizational and managerial solutions and be responsible for them. The research is based on the materials tested and effectively realized at the Faculty of Taxes and Taxation at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. The author emphasized the priority of implementation of project activities in the educational process and improvement of adaptive abilities of students to the current economic situation of the country; teamwork skills; readiness for cooperation with colleagues; the ability to take into account the interests of others, select and use adequate solutions of communication tasks taking into account the age, psychological and physiological characteristics of students; an effective independent work on the implementation of the individual educational plans in cooperation with teachers and fellow students.

Keywords: Master's degree programs, crowdsourcing, collective intelligence, project activity, competence, innovative methods, modern approaches, research project, Ideas Fairy, collective cooperation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.4.66052

Abstract: The article describes a new method of project activities applied during implementation of the educational process in the Master’s degree program and contributing to the effective implementation of the competence- based approach in the education process there. Within the given context, the crowdsourcing method is veiwed as the ‘co-creation of bene􀏔its’. The purpose of the method is to develop innotative thinking skills of students studying for a Master’s degree, the kind of skills that would allow them to design and build the social environment for education, the ability to adapt to modern socio-economic conditions, to 􀏔ind organizational and managerial solutions and be responsible for them. The research is based on the materials tested and effectively realized at the Faculty of Taxes and Taxation at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.The author emphasized the priority of implementation of project activities in the educational process and improvement of adaptive abilities of students to the current economic situation of the country; teamwork skills; readiness for cooperation with colleagues; the ability to take into account the interests of others, select and use adequate solutions of communication tasks taking into account the age, psychological and physiological characteristics of students; an effective independent work on the implementation of the individual educational plans in cooperation with teachers and fellow students.

Keywords: Master’s degree programs, crowdsourcing, collective intelligence, project activity, competence, innovative methods, modern approaches, research project, Ideas Fairy, collective cooperation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.1.14617

Abstract: One of «eternal» problems of secondary and higher school is raising the level of students’ learning interest and consequently their motivation. What seems interesting and useful to them is remembered many times better than boring and dull things. How can learning material be made clear, useful and interesting? This is not such an easy question as it may look at first sight. Basing on wide pedagogical empiric data and analysis of different materials and texts, the author shows that how students and their teacher perceive the same material are two different worlds. Their meeting is the peak of teacher’s mastery. The article introduces readers to one of outstanding examples of such mastery – Y.I. Perelman’s works, who was famous for popularizing science, for being a talented teacher and an outstanding master of word. It may be useful for teachers as methodological instructions, didactic training or specific master-class. It may help students to improve their erudition and get to know a rare and wonderful genre of captivating science.

Keywords: learning material, learning interest, motivation, popularization, captivating science, textbooks, education process, scholasticism, anti-scholasticism, educational innovation

Abstract: Starting in Azerbaijan, reformation of the entire system of education involves searching for mew methods of integration teaching and implementation of these methods. Cultural methodology is a universal system approach giving an opportunity to stud culture as a complex social system based on the combination of inter-related methods.

Keywords: pedagogy, integration, cultural studies, methodology, curriculum, art, thinking, culture, reform, education.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.1.66330

Keywords: learning material, learning interest, motivation, popularization, captivating science, textbooks, education process, scholasticism, anti-scholasticism, educational innovation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.1.17880

Abstract: The article states the results of studying the personal maturity of adult learners and the features of their motivation to study foreign languages. The purpose of this work is to reveal the characteristics of personal maturity which are closely correlated with the level of motivation to study, and as a consequence to increase the effectiveness of teaching process. This research is very urgent as, on the one hand, it is necessary to improve the pedagogical effectiveness of teaching foreign languages of adult learners because cross-cultural interaction and international contacts between different states and nationalities are expanding today in the modern world. On the other hand, the issue of motivation to study foreign languages by adult learners has been studied insufficiently, there are practically no andragogical recommendations in the academic literature regarding how to teach foreign languages. To solve these tasks the authors of the article used different personal maturity tests developed by foreign psychologists and scientists of our country such as Yury Gilbukh's personal maturity inventory, self-actualization SAT test, Arthur Reana's and Vladimir Yakunin's questionnaire. To analyze the compared variables, the authors have applied the standard mathematical method of correlation analysis which is based on the calculation of Pearson correlation coefficient. The scientific novelty is caused by the fact that the authors conduct an empirical study of the relationshp between motivation to study demonstrated by adults and the level of their personal maturity (which, according to the authors, is the factor of their 'maturity'). The reasearch revealed a certain correlation between the motivation to study by adult learners and the level of their personal maturity. On the basis of these results, it is possible to give recommendations to teachers concerning the ways to increase the motivation to study foreign languages by adult learners.

Keywords: foreign language, motivation to study, personal maturity, adult education, training effect, career motivation, personality questionnaire, experimental research, andragogy, teaching adults

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.1.67692

Keywords: foreign language, motivation to study, personal maturity, adult education, training effect, career motivation, personality questionnaire, experimental research, andragogy, teaching adults

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2017.2.22998

Abstract: This article presents the results of a pedagogical research devoted to the problem of improving methods of physical education at Universities taught by the author of the article during the period since 2015 till 2017. The purpose of the article is to increase efficiency of physical education at Universities through defining the potential of dance in the process of developing the physical culture of young people. In order to fulfill the purpose, the author had to solve the following tasks: to prove that it is possible to use dance as the mean of developing physical culture of young people; to analyze the main problems that may arise in the process of integrating dance into physical education; to develop priorities of practical activities undertaken by teachers in order to encourage a healthy lifestyle of students through using special programs that are based on moving and dancing. It was possible to achieve these tasks using the systems and person-oriented approaches. In addition, the author also used the interpretative approach as well as the methods of the qualitative analysis. In the course of the qualitative analysis the author used two methods of data collection, literature review and thematic review. The research results can be used by University teachers which will increase the efficiency of the educational process in the aforesaid sphere and contribute to further improvement of the modern practice of students' physical educational taking into account the principles of personality, anthropopedagogical, culturological orientations of educational programs. The research conclusions can be also taken into account when developing new curricula and teaching materials in the major of physical culture and physical education.

Keywords: records, motivation, person-oriented approach, curricula, teaching methods, university students, healthy lifestyle, physical culture, physical education, dance

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2023.4.69264

Abstract: The authors of the article consider the features of teaching Russian as a foreign language (hereinafter referred to as RCT) to Ivorians at the Center for Open Education established on the basis of universities (Université méthodiste de Côte d’Ivoire, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, ETIC University) in October 2023 in the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire with the support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to describe approaches to teaching Ivorians the Russian language from scratch and the practice of working with African students, which allows to intensify the language learning process, optimize the amount of material studied, choose effective methods and techniques, and offer practical advice to RCT teachers beginning to explore the African continent. The research is based on the principles of competence-based, communicative-activity and ethnically oriented approaches in teaching RCT. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: questionnaires, observation, including the method of "unconscious internal observation", statistical methods of processing results, comparison, generalization of practical experience in teaching Russian to foreign students. The implementation of the Russian language teaching system developed by the authors of the article from scratch showed that this process achieves the greatest effectiveness when taking into account the characteristics of the African audience (emotionality, musicality, artistry of students) and including a large number of visual, media and audio materials. According to the authors of the article, the techniques of melodization and rhythmization of linguistic and didactic materials acquired particular importance in the learning process: they contributed to the establishment of trusting relationships between teachers and students, disclosed the requests of Ivorians for the content of education, and allowed taking into account the cultural interests of the audience. The demonstration of respect for Russian and African cultures in the development of the lesson program was carried out taking into account the comparative approach, which allowed students to focus on the peculiarities of Russia compared with Africa's. The use of gaming technologies made it possible for teachers to present material to students in different ways: working in pairs, groups (teams), the rapid change of activities caused by the game, contributed to the establishment of mutual contacts in a large audience (the number of students in the classroom could reach up to 100 people), relieving tension when communicating in a non-native language, unobtrusive introduction of grammatical and lexical material, as well as intensive enrichment of Ivorian students with information about Russian culture.

Keywords: elementary level, Russian culture, The Center for Open Education, gaming technologies, rhythmization, teaching technologies, Ivory Coast students, the effectiveness of training, Russian as a foreign language, a large audience

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2022.4.37244

Abstract: The object of the study is an educational goal that is relevant to the educational process of schoolchildren. The subject of the study is the understanding of the purpose of learning by the main participants of the educational process. The author examines in detail the issue of awareness of the educational goal by children, their parents and teachers. Identifies the essential properties of the child's educational goal and correlates the idea of it with the vision of the educational goal of the main participants in the educational process. Special attention is paid to the structure and orientation of the formed educational goals. The differences in the understanding of the educational goal of a modern student, teacher and parents are highlighted, which may be one of the reasons for the decrease in the effectiveness of the educational process. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is the actualization of the issue of the presence, formation and understanding of the educational goal by schoolchildren. The novelty of the research lies in the disclosure of ideas about the purpose of education by modern children, their parents and teachers. Significant ideas about the educational goal of the child and the main participants of the educational process are highlighted. The article presents the results of an empirical study indicating a partial lack of clear educational goals for children, parents and teachers. With the help of specially designed questionnaires, basic data were obtained, which were interpreted taking into account the expert opinion of teachers. The paper argues for the need for an educational goal for all participants in the educational process and pays attention to the need for further study of the process of forming an educational goal for children, teachers and parents.

Keywords: learning goal, educational landmark, educational process, school education, effective teaching, parent-child relationship, Plan of the education, modern school, teaching methods, educational navigator

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2023.1.39285

Abstract: The object of research in the article is the process of professional development of an employee of the internal affairs bodies in the system of higher professional education. The subject of the study is the social and humanitarian support of the process of professional development of an employee of the internal affairs bodies. Social and humanitarian support is understood as the process of creating psychological and pedagogical conditions for optimizing the interaction of psychological and pedagogical support for self-actualization of the student's personality as a necessary condition for an in-depth understanding of modern problems of social and humanitarian knowledge and the existential orientation of the teacher's personality. The axiological component of this interaction is the creation of specific situations in the educational activities of the future employee of the internal affairs bodies, which requires him to psychologically move away from the state of learned helplessness, imitation of the understanding of the lack of subjectivity. The novelty of the research lies in the combination of problem-based learning and the student's psychological preparedness for action in extreme situations. This combination is achieved by combining modern psychological knowledge and practices with the social construction of the reality of the educational environment. The interaction of educational psychologists, professional psychologists, consultants and teachers of social and humanitarian disciplines is based on a departure from the existing reality that deforms the personality of the educational environment of higher education institutions of the power profile. The main method here is a philosophical dialogue between the student, the teacher-psychologist and the teacher of social and humanitarian disciplines. The main goal of this dialogue is the creation of groups-meetings aimed at creating a facilitative (helping) environment for self-actualization of the student's self, as a necessary psychological and pedagogical component of his professional maturity.

Keywords: activity, humanistic approach, employee, support, education, formation, profession, personal development, social and humanitarian knowledge, dialog

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39782

Abstract: Cognitive disorders of children are one of the most important problems worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, 15% of children have gross intellectual disabilities. Published data show that cognitive impairment concerns at least 20% of children and adolescents. To a large extent, this applies to children left without parental care and children with sensory disorders. In the social sphere of many countries, the problem is solved with the help of social centers (SC), special educational institutions, foster families, etc. The nature of the development of such children attracts the attention of teachers, doctors, psychologists, however, there is not enough data in the literature about the features of their psychophysiological functions. The subject of the study: psychosocial development of schoolchildren aged 7-10. New data have been obtained on a similar, and sometimes more unfavorable effect on the psychophysical status of subjects with social deprivation, compared with sensory (visual). All the subjects showed signs of functional tension, but the indicators of personal anxiety and aggressiveness in the groups of social and visual deprivation were higher than in the control group, and cognitive functions were insufficiently activated. Children from the SC revealed a high potential of cognitive abilities. When creating adequate psychosocial conditions in the educational environment of these children, their mental development can be significantly accelerated, which is also necessary for the prevention of maladaptive behavior. It is recommended to introduce into the educational process programs of psychophysical correction of students, including technologies of self-regulation of emotions and behavior and reducing the level of functional tension.

Keywords: psychophysical correction, electroencephalography, anxiety, cognitive functions, visual impairment, psychosocial development, social center, Schoolchildren, educational process, functional stress

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.69243

Abstract: This article presents a retrospective analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature and archival data, considering the problem of formation of pedagogical testing in Russia and in the USA. The retrospective analysis made it possible to compare the obtained data and to reveal fundamental differences between the two scientific schools. The authors identified four main points of view regarding the emergence of the pedagogical test. The authors identified four main points of view regarding the emergence of the pedagogical test. These points of view are references to the studies of scientists and public figures of the late XIX century and show us that the idea of creating a pedagogical test did not arise by chance and after its implementation was positively accepted by society and specialists working in schools in England and the USA. The second part of the article describes the synthesis of modern experience of pedagogical test creation, types of pedagogical tests, the main stages of their creation, criteria of development and requirements to task creation. The criteria and requirements to pedagogical test tasks reflect the fundamentally important points to which attention should be paid. The described materials are not only a historical reference, but also methodological recommendations for future authors of pedagogical tests. The second part of the article describes a synthesis of modern experience in pedagogical test creation, types of pedagogical tests, the main stages of their creation, criteria of development and requirements to the composition of tasks. The criteria and requirements to pedagogical test tasks reflect the fundamentally important points to which attention should be paid. The described materials are not only a historical reference, but also methodological recommendations for future authors of pedagogical tests.

Keywords: test creation steps, test validity, test questions, scientific schools, retrospective analysis, methodological guidelines, test creation, evaluation criteria, testing, pedagogical test

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.2.13921

Abstract: The object of the research is the development of educational independence of college students. The subject of the research is the pedagogical conditions for implementatino of the technology of writing projects for the purpose of improving educational independence of students. The author of the article differentiates between learning (only academic) and educational (academic and up-bringing) components of student's independence. Based on such division, the author offers to add new methods and means to encourage student's self-improvement and self-education. The technology of writing projects and pedagogical conditions described by the author in this article allow to develop student's educational independence taking into account moral values of the society. Such 'project' technology of developing student's educational independence was created by the author based on the activity, personality-oriented and axiological approaches. These approaches allow to describe subject-subject relations in the process of creating projects, moreover, axiological approach orients students at general human, national and personal values. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that until now researchers have mostly viewed the academic aspect of student's independence. However, today the majority of students are capable of demonstrating a high level of educational activity and independence, for example, when working with information, and at the same time may be unable to differentiate between negative information and useful information. According to the author of the article, the aforesaid technology of writing projects considering the described pedagogical conditions allow to reduce the risks of negative consequences of student's independent activity when they focus only on academic achievements.

Keywords: learning independence, educational independence, project technology, adequate self-esteem, vitagenic activity, motives of project activity, learning in cooperation, moral values, axiological approach, professional values

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.2.66946

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.69961

Abstract: The subject of the study is the study of the influence of various problems and factors on the development of inclusive education in a multicultural environment. The authors pay special attention in the article to the characteristics of the main theoretical approaches to the study of a multicultural and inclusive educational environment, as well as to the assessment of the real state of inclusion in a multicultural environment according to the pedagogical community. Research hypothesis: considering personality as an integral systemic quality that is formed in life, according to the mechanism of appropriation of social experience in the process of activity in the environment, we assumed that the effectiveness of inclusive education in a multicultural environment is influenced by a number of internal and external factors: the formation of speech communication and knowledge of cultural, religious and national characteristics of each other among subjects, the level of development of their tolerance and the organization of the educational environment itself. The main conclusions of the study are: theoretical and methodological analysis confirms that the development of a multicultural educational environment is a necessary condition due to increased migration flows of the population; a pedagogical analysis of the current state of the system of organizing pedagogical activities with students from migrant families in the Yaroslavl region has revealed a number of objective shortcomings and existing difficulties, while there are positive and promising experiences of individual educational organizations that need to be supported and broadcast in the municipal and regional education system; an inclusive multicultural educational environment is at a fairly low level of development, problems prevail related to the complexity of communication, knowledge of cultural, religious and national characteristics, as well as an insufficiently organized and effective system of psychological and pedagogical support.

Keywords: development, communication, tolerance, polyparadigmality, multiculturalism, migrants, educational environment, multicultural environment, inclusive education, forming

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.2.18889

Abstract: The object of the research is the system aimed at evaluating new results of the educational process at the university. The subject of the research is the theoretical basis of evaluation components of such model that can be used in the process of implementing of the Federal State Educational Standards. The author examines such aspects of the topic as the most significant trends related to changes of the object and subjects, functions, and evaluation means at the University. Particular attention is paid to the justification of new methods and forms of assessment in the course of the current, intermediate and final certification. The main theoretical method is the method of modeling and survey. The methodological base of the research is the competency approach. The result of the research is creating the model for evaluating new results of the educational process at the University in the process of FSES implementation. The authors's model highlights the most significant trends related to changes in the object and subjects, functions, and evaluation means. The scope of application is the educational process at the University. The conclusion is that such a theoretically grounded model can serve as the basis for the development of evaluation of funds, algorithms, various means of assessment and forms of their implementation in the educational process at the University.

Keywords: reflection, subjects of evaluation activity, evaluation function, professional training, competency approach, new educational outcomes, model, evaluation, self-evaluation activities of students, competence

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.2.68006

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.3.19768

Abstract: The subject of the research is the efficiency of education when the integrated approach to teaching involves examining different aspects of and factors contributing to this efficiency. Replacement of the knowledge-based paradigm of national education with the competency approach is accompanied by underestimation of fundamental education which requires a detailed justification of education efficiency. The competence component of the successful education model is considered in terms of the rational content of the Soviet system of polytechnic education including close relations with labour upbringing which becomes especially important under the conditions of falling labour values demonstrated by today's youth. The autor analyzes two interrelated approaches to the formation of professional competences, personality approach and behavioral approach. In the article, particular attention is paid to a child-centred development component in the successful education triad which does not allow to become just a "one-dimensional professional". The author bases this research on dialectical methodology and supplementary scientific methods of theoretical research: analysis, comparison, synthesis, historical, systems and comprehensive approaches, and critical analysis of literature. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author provides grounds for the system of successful components of the education which can be seen as a framework for evaluating the quality of education and achievements of students. The author concludes that characteristics of education, efficiency and quality are not fully disclosed by the market approach to education where there is a trend towards the "provision of services". Russians traditionally view education as a system which does not only educate but also teach morals which allows to speak about education as the process of enlightenment. Therefore, University performance indicators must be linked not only with the quality of knowledge but also with teaching good morals or so called character education.

Keywords: parenting, education, morality, personal development, professional competence, occupational competence, solidity, competence, quality of education, education success, education efficiency

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.3.68220

Keywords: parenting, education, morality, personal development, professional competence, occupational competence, solidity, competence, quality of education, education success, education efficiency

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.4.16828

Abstract: The subject of the present research is the development of the paradigm of improving higher education quality including philosophy, ideology, policy, strategy and tactics for increasing the quality of higher vocational education. The object of the research is the educationology as the science about education and upbringing, building the system of education and managing the system of education. The authors of the article discuss the concepts and definitions of the quality of education from the point of view of various theories of education and formulate the scientific method, functions and role of educationology. They also discuss the definition, contents and structure of the paradigm of improving the quality of education, structural elements of this paradigm are also considered, the philosophy, ideology, policy, strategy and tactics of improvement of quality of education are developed, problems and technological aspects of improvement of quality of education are investigated, influence of civil society on the process of improvement of quality of education is discussed. The purpose of the present article is to develop the concept of educationology including the paradigm of improving the quality of higher education. The methods of research include analysis and synthesis, comparison, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, logical analysis and system approach. The scientific novelty of the article is caused by the fact that the authors establish the methodological basis of educationology including the research method, contents, functions and roles of educationology as the science about education and upbringing and the the system of education. The novelty of the article is also caused by the fact that the authors describe the paradigm of improving the quality of education as part of educationology and national innovation systems in economics as well as study the structural elements, educational technologies and the influence of the paradigm of improving the quality of education on the country's innovative development.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.4.67424

Keywords: paradigm, philosophy, ideology, policy, education, quality, employer, employee, state, societies

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.4.21241

Abstract: The subject of the research is the semantic role of architectural drawing in the creative process of an architect. The architectural drawing in the creative process carries different semantic load and performs different functional roles. This includes drawing as a travel sketch, drawing as a reconstruction, drawing as a theatrical scenery, drawing as a moment of formation of an architectural image, drawing as an illustration of an architectural project and example of a formal architectural composition, as an explanatory and auxiliary means for the transmission of an architectural project on paper, as a pastiche of the manners of an architectural image and as a projection of an architectural style of the image. The method of the research is drawing at different stages of designing an object. This may be the initial stage when the idea is just being formed, the appearance of a building is not clear but the hand is already making the first sketches on paper. Or it may be another stage when the object has already been formed and the architect wants to breathe life into the building. The special contribution of the authors is that they give a definition of the versatility of an architectural drawing, identify their common characteristics and goals. Many drawings serve to several purposes and different semantic roles. These semantic aspects of a drawing manifest themselves differently in each situation. The predominance of one of them, or a combination of several in conjunction with the individual graphical skills of an artist, gives a certain value and significance to a drawing both as a starting sketch when an artistic image of an architectural object is formed in general as well as independent works of graphic art in particular.

Keywords: sketch, composition, style, form, semantic load, aspects, role, architect, drawing, different times

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2016.4.68467