Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2022.2.35317

Abstract: The subject of the study is the biography, scientific and pedagogical activity of the Khabarovsk teacher of drawing Evgeny Vyacheslavovich Sashko, the peculiarities of his personality as a person and a teacher. The stages of formation, the main types of creative activity of a teacher in the historical context of the formation of architectural education and the development of methods and technologies of artistic training of architects and designers on the basis of the Pacific National University are considered. For the first time, an attempt was made to recreate an integral creative portrait of E. V. Sashko, whose sphere of interests included decorative and applied art, as well as pedagogical work. He could fruitfully combine artistic creativity and the ability to teach, combining various fields of activity. The methodology of the research is based on a theoretical approach using the method of analysis of scientific works, generalization of pedagogical observations of educational and creative artistic activities, personal memories of authors, conversations with relatives, questionnaires and surveys of colleagues and students. Scientific novelty is associated with the involvement in scientific circulation of biographical sources and educational works of E. V. Sashko (in particular, in the field of architectural drawing techniques), which is mainly of importance for the training and education of young specialists at Pacific State University and other universities of the relevant profile, their professional growth and development. The results of the study are conclusions reflecting the specific contribution of E.V. Sashko in the development of artistic and graphic training of specialists. The method of architectural drawing, one of the main developers of which was E.V. Sashko, to this day serves as the basis for all programs of artistic training of students at the Pacific National University.

Keywords: creativity, pedagogical skills, ice sculptures, museum of history, design, constructive drawing, architecture, layout workshop, art education, teaching style

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.2.12631

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.2.65471

Abstract: The article describes life and academic and teaching activity of a world-known Soviet scientist Leonard Rastrigin. The article offers his detailed scienti􀏔ic biography and fully describes Rastrigin’s academic activity and 􀏔indings. Much attention is paid to his work as a scienti􀏔ic supervisor of post-graduate students and students for a doctor’s degree as well as his teaching activity. The author of the article provides memories of him shared by his colleagues and students. Much attention is also paid to Leonard Rastrigin’s personality and fate. The article contains a full list of all his published books as well as a general description of his numerous minor works including articles, speeches, reviews, theses, popular scienti􀏔ic books and etc. The present research of Rastrigin is based on the analysis of Leonard Rastrigin’s scienti􀏔ic, methodological and popular scienti􀏔ic works. The author also uses memories of Rastrigin shared by his colleagues and students including the author himself. The present research article is the 􀏔irst one in scienti􀏔ic literature to describe the academic, teaching and popular scientific activity of a distinguished scientist and a brilliant person – professor Leonard Rastrigin (1929–1998) and his dramatic life full of con􀏔licts with Soviet bureaucrats. The main conclusions made by the author: 1. Leonard Rastrigin was a major scientist and a founder of the theory of random search, a new ef􀏔icient method of managing complex systems. 2. He was also a distinguished organizer of scienti􀏔ic researches even though he did not hold a major administrative position and an excellent teacher and a supervisor of post-graduate students and students for a doctor’s degree. He trained a great number of PhDs and Doctors of Science.

Keywords: Leonard Rastrigin, scientist, science writer, educator, random search, Monte Carlo method, cybernetics, scienti􀏔ic biography, scientist’s personality.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2017.3.23449

Abstract: The subject of this research article is the life path, pedagogical activity and educational views of Kazii Musayevich Atazhukin. The scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the research is caused by the fact that the author offers a systematised description of scientific and pedagogical biography of Atazhukin and performs a comprehensive analysis of the stages of his teaching activity: Stage 1 from 1858 to 1864 marked by his drafting of the alphabet of the Kabardian language, translations of books by Russian and Arab authors, creation of "Kabardian alphabet" and the replication of it; Stage 2 from 1865 to 1899 associated with the opening of his school, and summarisation of lessons learned. The methodological framework of the research consists of the philosophical provisions of the unity of the general and specific, universal and national, spiritual values and their impact on the development of personality, about the ideas of democratization and humanization based on national culture, creative and attentive attitude to the spiritual heritage of the past. Bleikh makes conclusions that the activities of Kazi Atazhukin contributed to the creation of Kabardian alphabet and the first textbooks, development of highland folklore and pedagogical education, and his scientific-educational and pedagogical views were advanced, progressive, answered the spirit of time and satisfied the cultural needs of the population. New interpretation of his views can be used today, too. 

Keywords: teaching activities, mountain school, national education, educational attitudes, political climate, Russian policy, incorporation, North Caucasus, Russian Empire, Kabardian alphabet

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.3.13034

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.3.65913

Abstract: The article is devoted to the scientific biography of an outstanding engineer and a major scientist Viktor Ilyich Varshavsky. Levin describes some peculiarities of Varshavsky’s scientific wok and the influence of his family relations, friends, close people and colleagues thereon. Levin also provides an overview of the main achievements of Varshavsky in science (automata theory, computing technology, threshold logic and artificial intelligence) and engineering (asynchronous circuit technology). Levin also analyzes Varshavsky’s scientific and pedagogical activity and its influence on the development of the Soviet and Russian technology science. He creates the image of Varshavsky as a man and citizen. Levin also traces back the connection between researches of his creative team and modern researches in the sphere of computing technology and artificial intelligence. The basis of the present research involves memories of Varshavsky’s family members, friends, close people and colleagues as well as Levin’s own remembrances. Levin also provides impressions of this great scientist shared by the aforesaid people. Levin has collected data and appraisals of Varshavsky regarding different sides of his life and work such as science, engineering, literature, teaching and etc. Based on Levin, researches of Varshavsky and his students in the sphere of computing technology (so called ‘asynchronics’) could have changed this sphere significantly if only they were put to practice. However, it was practically impossible to fulfill their ideas in life.

Keywords: Viktor Ilyich Varshavsky, scientific biography, threshold logic, automata theory, asynchronics, artificial intelligence, scientist’s personality, arrangement of science, computing technology, homogenous structures.

Abstract: This are the materials of the Round Table held on November 16, 2011 and dedicated to the opening of the D. S. Likhachev Humanitarian Library — Cultural Center.

Keywords: pedagogy, culture, Likhachev, humanitarian, library, cultural center.

Abstract: The article describes the scientific biography of a great person, teacher and a scientist Sofya Aleksandrovna Janovskaya. The author of the article gives a critical analysis of Janovskaya’s scientific and teaching work and describes memories of her colleagues, friends and students.

Keywords: pedagogy, teacher, scientist, person, Sofya Aleksandrovna Janovskaya, math, culture, logic, science, philosophy.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.1.11546

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2014.1.65201

Abstract: The article is devoted to the life and work of a leading Soviet and Latvian scientist and organizer of science Eduard Yakubaytis. The author of the article provides a rather detailed description of Yakubaytis’ scientific biography and describes each stage of his scientific work and achieved results. The author also describes his activity as a science administrator and a director of scientific research. Much attention is paid to the memories about personal qualities of Yakubaytis. The author analyzes his personal fate and meteoric career in the Soviet Union and the tragic ending of his career in a new independent Latvia. The author gives a full list of all published works by Eduard Yakubaytis and a brief list of literary sources about him and his sphere of activity. The article is based on the analysis of all published scienti􀁹ic works by Eduard Yakubaytis including his articles, speeches and books. The author also uses unpublished memories about Yakubaytis shared by his coworkers as well as the author himself and the bibliographic register of Yakubaytis’ works published by the Latvian Academy of Sciences in 1984 on the occasion of his 60th anniversary. It is the first time in scientific literature that a researcher fully describes the scientific activity of the member of the Academy Eduard Yakubaytis (1924-2006) and his scientific and administrative activity, 􀁹irst of all, establishing the Institution of Electronics and Computer Engineering of the Latvian Academy of Sciences in Riga and managing it for 30 years. The main conclusions are the following: 1. Eduard Yakubaytis was a leading scientist and one of the founders of the Soviet school of the automata theory; 2. He was also a leading science administrator and a director of many applied research projects carried out for the benefit of the country’s national economy.

Keywords: Eduard Alexandrovich Yakubaytis, cybernetics, automata theory, data-processing networks, 􀁹inite-state machine, automatic control, Institution of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Latvian Academy of Sciences, organization of science, scientist’s personality.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.2.15346

Abstract: In this article the scientific biography of the outstanding Soviet scientist, engineer and organizer of science, one of the founders of cybernetics Michael L. Tsetlin is considered. The stages of his biography and scientific creativity and the influence on him of the family, relatives, friends and colleagues are identified. The author of the article provides an overview of the main discoveries of Michael L. Tsetlin in science (mathematics, theoretical physics, the theory of control systems, electronic instrumentation, cybernetics, biology and medicine, prosthetics, automation modeling of social, economic and biological systems). The scientific-organizational and pedagogical activity and his influence on the development of Soviet and world science and technology are analyzed. The main qualities of Michael L. Tsetlin as a scientist, a man and a citizen and his great influence on young scientists are described in detail. The basis of this research consists of the published and unpublished memoirs of colleagues of Michael L. Tsetlin, members of his family and friends, as well as memories of the author himself. For the first time in the academic literature the author brings together evaluations of different sides of life and activity of Michael L. Tseltin such as scientific, engineering, organizational, teaching, social activities, etc. Personal expressions of Michael L. Tsetlin are also used. The author of the article shows that Michael L. Tsetlin was one of the founders of cybernetics in the USSR. 

Keywords: modelling, automation devices, medicine, biology, control systems, scientific biography, Michael Lvovich Tsetlin, science organization, cybernetics, personality of scientist

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2015.2.66943

Abstract: In this article the scientific biography of the outstanding Soviet scientist, engineer and organizer of science, one of the founders of cybernetics Michael L. Tsetlin is considered. The stages of his biography and scientific creativity and the influence on him of the family, relatives, friends and colleagues are identified. The author of the article provides an overview of the main discoveries of Michael L. Tsetlin in science (mathematics, theoretical physics, the theory of control systems, electronic instrumentation, cybernetics, biology and medicine, prosthetics, automation modeling of social, economic and biological systems). The scientific-organizational and pedagogical activity and his influence on the development of Soviet and world science and technology are analyzed. The main qualities of Michael L. Tsetlin as a scientist, a man and a citizen and his great influence on young scientists are described in detail. The basis of this research consists of the published and unpublished memoirs of colleagues of Michael L. Tsetlin, members of his family and friends, as well as memories of the author himself. For the first time in the academic literature the author brings together evaluations of different sides of life and activity of Michael L. Tseltin such as scientific, engineering, organizational, teaching, social activities, etc. Personal expressions of Michael L. Tsetlin are also used. The author of the article shows that Michael L. Tsetlin was one of the founders of cybernetics in the USSR. 

Keywords: modelling, automation devices, medicine, biology, control systems, scientific biography, Michael Lvovich Tsetlin, science organization, cybernetics, personality of scientist

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2013.2.8832

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2013.2.63184

Abstract: The article provides a biography of a famous scientist and a doctor, teacher and a great person Iosif Abramovich Kassirsky. The author of the article offers a detailed analysis of Kassirsky’s scientific, teaching and medical activities. Special attention is paid at his decisive role in creation of a Soviet medical school in hematology and tropical diseases. Much attention is also paid at a wonderful and bright personality of I. A. Kassirsky. The article represents many memories about Kassirsky shared by his colleagues, friends, students and family members. The author of the article also analyzes the main peculiarities of his scientific and teaching activities in the sphere of medicine. Special emphasis is made on Kassirsky’s personal qualities and high values. These were the qualities remembered by his contemporaries most of all. In conclusion, the author provides a general assessment of Kassirsky’s works in medicine and the scientific school founded by him. The article also contains a detailed list of Kassirsky’s works and publications.

Keywords: I. A. Kassirsky, scientist, doctor, human, medicine, diagnostics, scientific school, hematology, tropic diseases, scientist’s personality.