DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17273

Abstract: The subject of this research is the transformation of value ideas under the influence of the quantum paradigm. What do we mean under the quantum paradigm? It is not only the newest concept in physics, and not even the modern scientific image of the world. Quantum consciousness represents a grandiose experiment of the transformation of the social and individual reality based on the patterns of behavior of elementary particles. Probably for the first time in history, physics invades the world of value absolutes, transforms them and readjusts almost our entire consciousness towards the quantum theory. How is that possible? It would seem that there is no link between the quantum thinking and drastic transformation of values in the modern era. Emerged as a peculiar revolution in physics, quantum idea not only signified a new scientific paradigm, but also produced a fundamental effect upon the value system of the current time, as well as future generations. It presented a complicated, nonlinear, uncertain and unstable world, which simultaneously exists in several states. Quantum paradigm broke the traditional perceptions about the Universe, reality, human nature, human as a unique creature, life and death, traditions and innovations, as well as sanctities that determine people’s behavior. Special attention is given to the principles of axiological interpretation. The author is first in the Russian literature to analyze the problem of values as it is posed within the quantum paradigm; he also notes the elimination of sacredness in explanation of human, human nature, sociality, and culture. The author suggest a thought that humanity again faces the “experience of reassessment of values”.   

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67427

Abstract: The subject of this research is the transformation of value ideas under the influence of the quantum paradigm. What do we mean under the quantum paradigm? It is not only the newest concept in physics, and not even the modern scientific image of the world. Quantum consciousness represents a grandiose experiment of the transformation of the social and individual reality based on the patterns of behavior of elementary particles. Probably for the first time in history, physics invades the world of value absolutes, transforms them and readjusts almost our entire consciousness towards the quantum theory. How is that possible? It would seem that there is no link between the quantum thinking and drastic transformation of values in the modern era. Emerged as a peculiar revolution in physics, quantum idea not only signified a new scientific paradigm, but also produced a fundamental effect upon the value system of the current time, as well as future generations. It presented a complicated, nonlinear, uncertain and unstable world, which simultaneously exists in several states. Quantum paradigm broke the traditional perceptions about the Universe, reality, human nature, human as a unique creature, life and death, traditions and innovations, as well as sanctities that determine people’s behavior. Special attention is given to the principles of axiological interpretation. The author is first in the Russian literature to analyze the problem of values as it is posed within the quantum paradigm; he also notes the elimination of sacredness in explanation of human, human nature, sociality, and culture. The author suggest a thought that humanity again faces the “experience of reassessment of values”.   

Keywords: Value, Quantum paradigm, Reconstruction, Reality, Human nature, Axiology, Information, Phantasm, Sociality, Meaning

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.14412

Abstract:   The subject of this research is the theory of transcendence, developed by I. Kant in his book “Metaphysics of Morals”, which presents comprehension of metaphysics and associated with it issues of freedom and unfreedom of Human of transcended ideas about the world, order, and nature of things. The initial object pointed out by the author: transcendent base of the World-system, described by I. Kant, gives a full image on God’s being as a factor of correlation and development of the transcended and transcendental relations. In the author’s opinion, this moment is most relevant for the science, because in emphasizes the fundamental role of antinomies within the presented metaphysical process. In order to cover an important for the ontology moment, the author of the article used Kant’s method of transcendentalism that expresses the essence of laws equal for everyone. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the author in fact legalizes the ontological being of God on Earth: the religion of Ancient Rome, as well as Orthodoxy serve as a background for development of this problem. The focal point of the article is that “metaphysics of morals” always exists in time and space of freedom and unfreedom, and today defines the order of things basing on the absolute identity with Israel’s Solomon era, Hellenism, and emergence of Christianity. We also can add the beginning of Vedism. The historical contribution of Kant consists in the developing of the doctrine of Human in philosophy, which allows turning our attention to the number of important problems currently existing in anthropology.  

Keywords: logic, World-sistema, science, mean, freedom, antinomy, metaphisica, I. Kant, things, Man

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67428

Abstract:   The subject of this research is the theory of transcendence, developed by I. Kant in his book “Metaphysics of Morals”, which presents comprehension of metaphysics and associated with it issues of freedom and unfreedom of Human of transcended ideas about the world, order, and nature of things. The initial object pointed out by the author: transcendent base of the World-system, described by I. Kant, gives a full image on God’s being as a factor of correlation and development of the transcended and transcendental relations. In the author’s opinion, this moment is most relevant for the science, because in emphasizes the fundamental role of antinomies within the presented metaphysical process. In order to cover an important for the ontology moment, the author of the article used Kant’s method of transcendentalism that expresses the essence of laws equal for everyone. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the author in fact legalizes the ontological being of God on Earth: the religion of Ancient Rome, as well as Orthodoxy serve as a background for development of this problem. The focal point of the article is that “metaphysics of morals” always exists in time and space of freedom and unfreedom, and today defines the order of things basing on the absolute identity with Israel’s Solomon era, Hellenism, and emergence of Christianity. We also can add the beginning of Vedism. The historical contribution of Kant consists in the developing of the doctrine of Human in philosophy, which allows turning our attention to the number of important problems currently existing in anthropology.  

Keywords: Human, I. Kant, Metaphysics, antinomies, science, meaning, science, World-system, logic, things

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.16257

Abstract: McDonaldization as a form of rationality The object of this research is the nature of McDonaldization, while the subject is McDonaldization as a form of rationality, which is common to a post-nonclassical world outlook and in-demand by the ideology of consumerism. Basing on the types of formal rationality proposed by George Ritzer, the author analyzes the locality and universality of the process of McDonaldization, and reveals the dependency of associated with it practices with the environmental circumstances and requirements  of the economic development. The content and peculiarities of the reasonable and practical rationality, correspondence of the value and targeted within rationality, limits of the rational, and irrationality of the rational are being researched during the course of this work. Scientific novelty consists in the proposition of thesis on the dependency of McDonaldization as a specific form of rationality from the peculiarities of the modern development. The problematics of this article allows formulating a number of statements: 1) thesis on the need for further research of the principles of McDonaldization and their effect upon the broad spectrum of social phenomena is substantiated; 2) problem of demand for McDonaldinized practices by the consumer society gains significant relevance.  

Keywords: macdonaldisation, rationality, reasonable rationality, practical rationality, macdonaldisation practices, formal principles, efficiency, calculateamount, predictability, the control

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67429

Abstract: McDonaldization as a form of rationality The object of this research is the nature of McDonaldization, while the subject is McDonaldization as a form of rationality, which is common to a post-nonclassical world outlook and in-demand by the ideology of consumerism. Basing on the types of formal rationality proposed by George Ritzer, the author analyzes the locality and universality of the process of McDonaldization, and reveals the dependency of associated with it practices with the environmental circumstances and requirements  of the economic development. The content and peculiarities of the reasonable and practical rationality, correspondence of the value and targeted within rationality, limits of the rational, and irrationality of the rational are being researched during the course of this work. Scientific novelty consists in the proposition of thesis on the dependency of McDonaldization as a specific form of rationality from the peculiarities of the modern development. The problematics of this article allows formulating a number of statements: 1) thesis on the need for further research of the principles of McDonaldization and their effect upon the broad spectrum of social phenomena is substantiated; 2) problem of demand for McDonaldinized practices by the consumer society gains significant relevance.  

Keywords: efficiency, formal principles, McDonaldinized practices, practical rationality, reasonable rationality, rationality, McDonaldization, calculability, predictability, control

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.16348

Abstract: The article highlights three types of extreme abstraction: first, in terms of the basic forms of relations traditions and innovations; second, in the plane of man's relationship to the world; thirdly, in axiological aspect. In the foreground are identified and described anti-interactionism, reductionism and dialectical relationship of tradition and innovation; shows the presence of the growth of their interaction, given categorization of traditional and technological cultures.In a second aspect explicated abstraction contemplative, activist and co-evolutionary type of creativity. They come in a generalizing model of man's relationship with the world; dictate the nature of the very broad sense of creative activity. Traditions and traditional culture corresponds to the contemplative type of attitudes toward the world, of fabricated - an innovative form of creativity and activist type of man's relationship to the world. Dialectical relationship corresponds to a co-evolutionary model of man's attitude with the world. A contemplative and activist opposed to creative types, but have the same ontological basis of antagonism as the conflict with the dominant "struggle of opposites." The co-evolution type of creativity dominated "unity of opposites", dialog with the relationship of man and the world.In axiological terms of creativity explicated as the opposite of simulation. They are rooted in the development of reality as opposed to progress and regress. The ascending branch of the being generates creativity, as its internal determinant of ensuring its existence and prolongation; in the context of degradation, there is a degeneration of thought and creativity, creativity is simulated, it is transformed into simulation as a means and function degeneration. They are connected "law of specular": the imitation of social laws are "mirror" of their action on the ascending branch of evolution.

Keywords: tradition and innovation, anti-interactionism, reductionism, contemplation, activism (constructivism),, co-evolution, unity of opposites, creativity, simulation, the law of specular

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67430

Abstract: The article highlights three types of extreme abstraction: first, in terms of the basic forms of relations traditions and innovations; second, in the plane of man's relationship to the world; thirdly, in axiological aspect. In the foreground are identified and described anti-interactionism, reductionism and dialectical relationship of tradition and innovation; shows the presence of the growth of their interaction, given categorization of traditional and technological cultures.In a second aspect explicated abstraction contemplative, activist and co-evolutionary type of creativity. They come in a generalizing model of man's relationship with the world; dictate the nature of the very broad sense of creative activity. Traditions and traditional culture corresponds to the contemplative type of attitudes toward the world, of fabricated - an innovative form of creativity and activist type of man's relationship to the world. Dialectical relationship corresponds to a co-evolutionary model of man's attitude with the world. A contemplative and activist opposed to creative types, but have the same ontological basis of antagonism as the conflict with the dominant "struggle of opposites." The co-evolution type of creativity dominated "unity of opposites", dialog with the relationship of man and the world.In axiological terms of creativity explicated as the opposite of simulation. They are rooted in the development of reality as opposed to progress and regress. The ascending branch of the being generates creativity, as its internal determinant of ensuring its existence and prolongation; in the context of degradation, there is a degeneration of thought and creativity, creativity is simulated, it is transformed into simulation as a means and function degeneration. They are connected "law of specular": the imitation of social laws are "mirror" of their action on the ascending branch of evolution.

Keywords: unity of opposites, co-evolution, activism (constructivism), , contemplation, reductionism, anti-interactionism, tradition and innovation, creativity, simulation, the law of specular

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.13443

Abstract: This article examines the question on the need of substantiation of such new section in philosophy as the philosophy of anti-language. This rises a problem of anti-language existence as a semiotic reality, on the surface of which there are natural human languages, nominating within the being only what is subjected to the signifying titling. Outside of the natural human languages is the area of unnamed and unnamable, which comprises the concept and methodology of the anti-language. The author interprets the anti-language as a combination of classes of anti-words, which allow nominating various spheres of presemiotic.  Problematization of the ontological status of the words, taking into account the action of the principle “initial delay” within the metaphysical tradition of presence/absence, is the main task for the solution of the anti-language methodology. The article claims the new philosophical discipline – the philosophy of anti-language, the subject of which became the studying of the foundations and limits of the semiotic nomination on the natural human language and dependencies of the cognitive process of the anti-language. On the example of the three types of anti-words, the author demonstrates the significative inappropriateness of a language (in particular, Russian languages) for the purpose of working with the corresponding referents.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67431

Abstract: This article examines the question on the need of substantiation of such new section in philosophy as the philosophy of anti-language. This rises a problem of anti-language existence as a semiotic reality, on the surface of which there are natural human languages, nominating within the being only what is subjected to the signifying titling. Outside of the natural human languages is the area of unnamed and unnamable, which comprises the concept and methodology of the anti-language. The author interprets the anti-language as a combination of classes of anti-words, which allow nominating various spheres of presemiotic.  Problematization of the ontological status of the words, taking into account the action of the principle “initial delay” within the metaphysical tradition of presence/absence, is the main task for the solution of the anti-language methodology. The article claims the new philosophical discipline – the philosophy of anti-language, the subject of which became the studying of the foundations and limits of the semiotic nomination on the natural human language and dependencies of the cognitive process of the anti-language. On the example of the three types of anti-words, the author demonstrates the significative inappropriateness of a language (in particular, Russian languages) for the purpose of working with the corresponding referents.

Keywords: Language philosophy, Anti-language philosophy, Anti-language, Anti-word, Type of anti-words, Derrida, Principle of “initial delay”, Descombes, Inappropriateness, Genealogism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.16311

Abstract: This article examines government as a specific constituent of the historical action, its interrelation with the nation and civil society, as well as characteristic to it algorithms of perception of reality and the effect upon it. A special attention is given to the analysis of the common to government type of rationality and formed by it worldview. An important place belongs to the characteristic of the two types of governments – creative and reactive. A special attention is given to the functioning of the reactive government, ways of its self-preservation, mechanisms of providing control over the society, as well as the prospects of the development of society itself under the similar circumstances. The author differentiates the notions of “state” and “government”, which allows him to identify a number of typological conflicts between the state (as a combination of institutions) and the government (as a political regime). Scientific novelty of the methodological approach consists in the ability to annihilate the whole layer of government mythology, which particularly suggests to identify the government and the state, and detect an entire chain of conflicts, without understanding of which it is impossible to establish control of the civil society over the government, as well as full functionality of the government institutions.

Keywords: creativity, picture of the world, goal setting, rationality, society, state, power, reactivity, reality, national idea

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67432

Abstract: This article examines government as a specific constituent of the historical action, its interrelation with the nation and civil society, as well as characteristic to it algorithms of perception of reality and the effect upon it. A special attention is given to the analysis of the common to government type of rationality and formed by it worldview. An important place belongs to the characteristic of the two types of governments – creative and reactive. A special attention is given to the functioning of the reactive government, ways of its self-preservation, mechanisms of providing control over the society, as well as the prospects of the development of society itself under the similar circumstances. The author differentiates the notions of “state” and “government”, which allows him to identify a number of typological conflicts between the state (as a combination of institutions) and the government (as a political regime). Scientific novelty of the methodological approach consists in the ability to annihilate the whole layer of government mythology, which particularly suggests to identify the government and the state, and detect an entire chain of conflicts, without understanding of which it is impossible to establish control of the civil society over the government, as well as full functionality of the government institutions.

Keywords: government, state, society, rationality, goal-setting, reactivity, worldview, creativity, reality, national idea

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.16117

Abstract: The subject of this research is the philosophical and cultural foundations of geopolitical control during the process of the world systemic changes when exiting the global crisis. The object is the philosophical concept of the development of geopoliticology. The relevance of this article is determined by the fact that in 2015 the global crisis is reviewed as a philosophical crisis of the world order and culture of geopolitical control. In the difficult situation of the application of sanctions and geopolitical confrontation, grows the importance of creation of an integral philosophical and cultural concept as a developed scientific theory in the area of geopolitical control. Namely, based on the advancement of the philosophy and culture, theory (methodology) of geopoliticology, the forecasting and scientific substantiation of the possible geopolitical crisis response measure become possible. The goal of this works is the development of philosophical and culturological concept of geopoliticology as the scientific foundation for geopolitical control. The main conclusions consist in the following: clarification of the notions “world order” and “geopolitical control” and their content; establishment of the philosophical and methodological foundations for geopoliticology as a science about world order and geopolitical control over geopolitical processes.

Keywords: management, laws, roles, functions, world order, geopolitics, culture, philosophy, theory, forecasting

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67433

Abstract: The subject of this research is the philosophical and cultural foundations of geopolitical control during the process of the world systemic changes when exiting the global crisis. The object is the philosophical concept of the development of geopoliticology. The relevance of this article is determined by the fact that in 2015 the global crisis is reviewed as a philosophical crisis of the world order and culture of geopolitical control. In the difficult situation of the application of sanctions and geopolitical confrontation, grows the importance of creation of an integral philosophical and cultural concept as a developed scientific theory in the area of geopolitical control. Namely, based on the advancement of the philosophy and culture, theory (methodology) of geopoliticology, the forecasting and scientific substantiation of the possible geopolitical crisis response measure become possible. The goal of this works is the development of philosophical and culturological concept of geopoliticology as the scientific foundation for geopolitical control. The main conclusions consist in the following: clarification of the notions “world order” and “geopolitical control” and their content; establishment of the philosophical and methodological foundations for geopoliticology as a science about world order and geopolitical control over geopolitical processes.

Keywords: theory, control, philosophy, culture, geopolitics, world order, functions, roles, management, forecasting

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17292

Abstract: An ambiguous reaction upon the global changes taking place in the world encourages interest towards the moral elements of the political culture, which contain the “spirit” of one or another nation. For better understating of the foundations of the Russian political culture, which place a more significant role on the global arena, the notion of “absolute good” developed by the Russian religious philosophers becomes essential. Under the difficult current situation, it is important to determine the fundamental essences of this notion, which define the conditions and possibilities of their implementation within the modern politics. Russian religious philosophers attributed kindness with the absolute value which coincides with God, as well as with absolute values of beauty, truth, freedom, creation of a perfect society. The main condition for the absolute good – love for God, nature, people, Motherland. The lack of such love results in the “moral evil”, a relative value and a cause of human struggles, segregation, conflicts, and disasters. Strengthening of the intercultural relations and escalation of international conflicts, increases attention towards the notion of “tolerance” which contends for ethical universalism. However, criticism of this notion denies in absolute value. The meaning of “absolute good” in different countries leave many questions, but the leading Russian politicians claim as the foundation of their work, traditional perceptions of love, good and evil, higher powers that unite people and religions from all over the planet. This awakens hope for achieving order and agreement in the political, as well as other spheres of our life.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67434

Abstract: An ambiguous reaction upon the global changes taking place in the world encourages interest towards the moral elements of the political culture, which contain the “spirit” of one or another nation. For better understating of the foundations of the Russian political culture, which place a more significant role on the global arena, the notion of “absolute good” developed by the Russian religious philosophers becomes essential. Under the difficult current situation, it is important to determine the fundamental essences of this notion, which define the conditions and possibilities of their implementation within the modern politics. Russian religious philosophers attributed kindness with the absolute value which coincides with God, as well as with absolute values of beauty, truth, freedom, creation of a perfect society. The main condition for the absolute good – love for God, nature, people, Motherland. The lack of such love results in the “moral evil”, a relative value and a cause of human struggles, segregation, conflicts, and disasters. Strengthening of the intercultural relations and escalation of international conflicts, increases attention towards the notion of “tolerance” which contends for ethical universalism. However, criticism of this notion denies in absolute value. The meaning of “absolute good” in different countries leave many questions, but the leading Russian politicians claim as the foundation of their work, traditional perceptions of love, good and evil, higher powers that unite people and religions from all over the planet. This awakens hope for achieving order and agreement in the political, as well as other spheres of our life.

Keywords: absolute and relative, good and evil, Russian religious philosophers, Russia, modernity, political culture, love, tolerance, traditional values, world order

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.16832

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the determination of the aesthetic anthropology as a specific philosophical direction, which most vividly asserted itself over the last 15 years. The object of this research is the space of the aesthetic-anthropological search, which was formed namely in Russia, based on the local cultural traditions. The subject is the specificity and regularity of the Russian “footprint” in the nature of such type of anthropology, which takes its roots in the depth of aesthetic experience. The author thoroughly examines this regularity, which is traced not only in the very ideas of the Russian philosophers over the last two centuries, but also in the peculiarities of the ethic and aesthetic “beginning” in the Russian art, first and foremost in the Russian literature. It is demonstrated that aesthetic anthropology owes its name and origin to Russian literature (N. V. Gogol) and Russian philosophy (V. V. Zenkovsky). The specific aesthetic-anthropological methods are the following: allegory, embodiment, creative intuition, principle of reflectiveness of self-consciousness, “exponentiation”, anticipation, self-discovery through creativity and adventure, and others. Among the main conclusions are the following substantiations: the philosophical theoretical synthesis, carried out in the form of aesthetic philosophy, required a lengthy preparation of the Russian philosophy and art culture; such platform became the synthesis of feelings, emotions, experience, thoughts, and actions, as well as the “axiological synthesis” of the most fundamental values of the Russian culture. The author suggests a quite deep insight into the Russian philosophical humanology, and justifies a thesis on the limitation of self-consciousness within the framework of a pure logical synthesis of mind. It is demonstrates that the Russian philosophy appeals to the prepared and inspired reason, that represents the pinnacle, but at the same time is in need of truths of moral and ethical culture.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67435

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the determination of the aesthetic anthropology as a specific philosophical direction, which most vividly asserted itself over the last 15 years. The object of this research is the space of the aesthetic-anthropological search, which was formed namely in Russia, based on the local cultural traditions. The subject is the specificity and regularity of the Russian “footprint” in the nature of such type of anthropology, which takes its roots in the depth of aesthetic experience. The author thoroughly examines this regularity, which is traced not only in the very ideas of the Russian philosophers over the last two centuries, but also in the peculiarities of the ethic and aesthetic “beginning” in the Russian art, first and foremost in the Russian literature. It is demonstrated that aesthetic anthropology owes its name and origin to Russian literature (N. V. Gogol) and Russian philosophy (V. V. Zenkovsky). The specific aesthetic-anthropological methods are the following: allegory, embodiment, creative intuition, principle of reflectiveness of self-consciousness, “exponentiation”, anticipation, self-discovery through creativity and adventure, and others. Among the main conclusions are the following substantiations: the philosophical theoretical synthesis, carried out in the form of aesthetic philosophy, required a lengthy preparation of the Russian philosophy and art culture; such platform became the synthesis of feelings, emotions, experience, thoughts, and actions, as well as the “axiological synthesis” of the most fundamental values of the Russian culture. The author suggests a quite deep insight into the Russian philosophical humanology, and justifies a thesis on the limitation of self-consciousness within the framework of a pure logical synthesis of mind. It is demonstrates that the Russian philosophy appeals to the prepared and inspired reason, that represents the pinnacle, but at the same time is in need of truths of moral and ethical culture.

Keywords: Paphos, human essence, self-cognition, beauty, Sofia, beauty, axiological synthesis, vague knowledge, Logos, creative thought

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.16264

Abstract: In conjunction with the existential edge of the being and correlation with the historical type of the world perception, this article examines the human memory – individual and collective. Not every individual memory is existentially rich, and not every collective memory is deprived of existential motifs. Speaking of the collective memory, it is important to differentiate an actual memory of the people from their historical memory. The latter along with the historical consciousness as a whole, is critically evaluated. The author focuses attention on the problems of mindfulness of the Great Patriotic War, as well as existential perception of the war itself. The contradictions of life and its descriptions are resolved by intuition, strengthened by a personal responsibility, The author claims and substantiates the thought, that the people who have the right to speak about war are those who have either gone through it, or those whose families lives were affected by it. Pomposity and political conjuncture are inappropriate in this regard. The opinion of the victors is of most importance. War ultimately actualizes the problem of humanism, and in particular, the bloody opposition “soldier-torturer”.

Keywords: existence, memory, past, now, war, soldier, torturer, history, literature, humanity

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67436

Abstract: In conjunction with the existential edge of the being and correlation with the historical type of the world perception, this article examines the human memory – individual and collective. Not every individual memory is existentially rich, and not every collective memory is deprived of existential motifs. Speaking of the collective memory, it is important to differentiate an actual memory of the people from their historical memory. The latter along with the historical consciousness as a whole, is critically evaluated. The author focuses attention on the problems of mindfulness of the Great Patriotic War, as well as existential perception of the war itself. The contradictions of life and its descriptions are resolved by intuition, strengthened by a personal responsibility, The author claims and substantiates the thought, that the people who have the right to speak about war are those who have either gone through it, or those whose families lives were affected by it. Pomposity and political conjuncture are inappropriate in this regard. The opinion of the victors is of most importance. War ultimately actualizes the problem of humanism, and in particular, the bloody opposition “soldier-torturer”.

Keywords: literature, history, torturer, soldier, war, now, past, memory, existence, humanism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.14048

Abstract: This article makes an attempt to cleanse the notion of time from the naturalistic associations, which across the centuries connect it with the natural cycles on one hand, and the familiar markers of sequence (before, now, after) on the other. The “perception” of time, in the interpretations of which all the way until today, dominate the methods on introspection, is subjected to the similar criticism. The focus of examination is the conditions of origin of time and its cultural functions, which are defined first and foremost by the task of institutionalization of “reality”. The article reviews “time” in its genesis; in addition to that, it subjects to reconstruction the “historicism”’; “reduction to foundations” is carried out based on the attraction of various anthropological material. Scientific novelty consists in the reframing of the formed ideas that interpret time as a natural given. Time and its institutionalizing realities are compared with their origin – a sovereign being on one hand, and various institutions of reality (fear of death, body, ephemera, etc.) on the other. As a result, time appears as the most universal form of sublimation of the self-preservation instinct and the axis of structuring of the “real”.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67437

Abstract: This article makes an attempt to cleanse the notion of time from the naturalistic associations, which across the centuries connect it with the natural cycles on one hand, and the familiar markers of sequence (before, now, after) on the other. The “perception” of time, in the interpretations of which all the way until today, dominate the methods on introspection, is subjected to the similar criticism. The focus of examination is the conditions of origin of time and its cultural functions, which are defined first and foremost by the task of institutionalization of “reality”. The article reviews “time” in its genesis; in addition to that, it subjects to reconstruction the “historicism”’; “reduction to foundations” is carried out based on the attraction of various anthropological material. Scientific novelty consists in the reframing of the formed ideas that interpret time as a natural given. Time and its institutionalizing realities are compared with their origin – a sovereign being on one hand, and various institutions of reality (fear of death, body, ephemera, etc.) on the other. As a result, time appears as the most universal form of sublimation of the self-preservation instinct and the axis of structuring of the “real”.

Keywords: Continuum, Sovereignty, Naturalism, Metaphysics, Time, Being-to-death, Sublimation of fear, Procedurality, Realism, Reality

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17386

Abstract:  This article examines the image of Dažbog a meaningful Slavic deity of the pagan era. Many researches, fully or partially dedicated to him, do not eliminate all contradictions, which result from the universally accepted interpretations according to the primary sources (first and foremost “Primary Chronicle”, “The Tale of Igor's Campaign”, and also the Southern Slavic folklore). Another questionable fact is the attribution of the solar nature to Dažbog: if he was considered a god of sun, then why in Ancient Rus was worshiped another solar god Hors? The author suggests a new outlook upon this issue, which is mostly based on the comparative approach – comparison with the other Indo-European mythologies (Germanic, Indian, Greek, Baltic, etc.) Basing on the alternative reading of the primary sources, the author reviews the etymology of Dažbog. As a result, it results in a completely different idea about Dažbog, who was never presented in science, although several of his prerequisites were earlier proposed by the number of accomplished scholars regarding the area of etymology of his name, and from functional perspective.  The author attempts to answer the question – could or could not Dažbog become a development of Dyeu, the Indo-European God of the Shining Sky?

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67438

Abstract:  This article examines the image of Dažbog a meaningful Slavic deity of the pagan era. Many researches, fully or partially dedicated to him, do not eliminate all contradictions, which result from the universally accepted interpretations according to the primary sources (first and foremost “Primary Chronicle”, “The Tale of Igor's Campaign”, and also the Southern Slavic folklore). Another questionable fact is the attribution of the solar nature to Dažbog: if he was considered a god of sun, then why in Ancient Rus was worshiped another solar god Hors? The author suggests a new outlook upon this issue, which is mostly based on the comparative approach – comparison with the other Indo-European mythologies (Germanic, Indian, Greek, Baltic, etc.) Basing on the alternative reading of the primary sources, the author reviews the etymology of Dažbog. As a result, it results in a completely different idea about Dažbog, who was never presented in science, although several of his prerequisites were earlier proposed by the number of accomplished scholars regarding the area of etymology of his name, and from functional perspective.  The author attempts to answer the question – could or could not Dažbog become a development of Dyeu, the Indo-European God of the Shining Sky?

Keywords: comparative mythology, God of Shining Sky, Dyeu Ph2ter, Dažbog, Slavic paganism, Slavic mythology, Slavic pantheon, solar gods, Hors, Svarog

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17512

Abstract: Concept of fractality in the post-nonclassical philosophy of culture This article suggests a concept of cultural fractality as a theoretical instrument of description and modelling of the “chaotic” dynamics of sociocultural processes. The subject of this research is the culture, which is examined from the perspective of post-nonclassical philosophy as a complicated linear system that is based on the principles of self-similarity and autopoiesis. The goal of this work is the determination of the evristical abilities of the developed by the author concept, according to which the fundamental definitions of the fractal geometry – fractal, fractal patterns, multifractal, strange attractors – in their philosophical reasoning can be used in the explanatory model for a number of sociocultural phenomena. From the perspective of the concept of fractality, the observed on different levels of cultural system repeating patterns of the ancient and modern sociocultural practices, are interpreted as a part of a conceptual (multi) fractal of the entire local, and even world culture. The main conclusion consists in the fact that within the terms of fractal patterns and strange attractors we can analyze separate cultural phenomena (for example, modern urban culture), sociocultural processes, which simultaneously carry “chaotic” and “cyclic” character (sociocultural transmission, “algorithms” of spread and changes of fashion, etc.), as well as the entire historical dynamics of culture in both, its local versions, as well as in the most broad dimension of the global sociocultural development. The concept of fractality explains the variety of local cultures in the world, and the simultaneous stability and uncertainty of the cultural-historical process, as well as periodic reproduction within culture and society of the symbolic patterns of previous eras.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67439

Abstract: Concept of fractality in the post-nonclassical philosophy of culture This article suggests a concept of cultural fractality as a theoretical instrument of description and modelling of the “chaotic” dynamics of sociocultural processes. The subject of this research is the culture, which is examined from the perspective of post-nonclassical philosophy as a complicated linear system that is based on the principles of self-similarity and autopoiesis. The goal of this work is the determination of the evristical abilities of the developed by the author concept, according to which the fundamental definitions of the fractal geometry – fractal, fractal patterns, multifractal, strange attractors – in their philosophical reasoning can be used in the explanatory model for a number of sociocultural phenomena. From the perspective of the concept of fractality, the observed on different levels of cultural system repeating patterns of the ancient and modern sociocultural practices, are interpreted as a part of a conceptual (multi) fractal of the entire local, and even world culture. The main conclusion consists in the fact that within the terms of fractal patterns and strange attractors we can analyze separate cultural phenomena (for example, modern urban culture), sociocultural processes, which simultaneously carry “chaotic” and “cyclic” character (sociocultural transmission, “algorithms” of spread and changes of fashion, etc.), as well as the entire historical dynamics of culture in both, its local versions, as well as in the most broad dimension of the global sociocultural development. The concept of fractality explains the variety of local cultures in the world, and the simultaneous stability and uncertainty of the cultural-historical process, as well as periodic reproduction within culture and society of the symbolic patterns of previous eras.

Keywords: Sociocultural attractors, Order parameters, Historical cultural dynamics, Sociocultural transmission, Fractal cultural patterns, Conceptual fractals, Fractality of culture, Digital humanities, Transdisciplinary cultural researches, Post-nonclassical philosophy of culture

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17058

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the early years of the creative work of the Russian film director Vasily Grogorievich Sakhnovsky in the Komissarjevsky Theatre (1914-1919). The object is the process of formation of the creative method of Sakhnovsky. We should point out to the several subjects of research, which are usually understood as peculiarities of establishment of the creative method of the film director: influence of the theoretical concept of theatrical romanticism and stage of F. F. Komissarjevsky, influence of the cultural context of the early XX century upon the creative method of the film director (philosophy of symbolism, V. Ivanov), later self-reflection of the artist presented in the theoretical and stage works (spectacles “Requiem”, “Lulu”). Scientific novelty consists in the fact that based on the recently published and yet unpublished sources, for the first time an attempt is made to reconstruct the history of the Komissarjevsky Theatre. The author conducts a systemic analysis of the specifics of formation of the creative method of V. G. Sakhnovsky, who for a long time was out of sight within the Russian theatre historians. The author comes to the following conclusions: the theory of romantic theatre and mutual stage experience of F. F. Komissarjevsky and V. G. Sakhnovsky became the theoretic-philosophical and practical foundation of the directorial method of Sakhnovsky, as well as determined his further development; on the other hand, the analysis of independent works of Sakhnovsky and circumstances of his conflict with Komissarjevsky detected flaws in the forming directorial technique of Sakhnovsky.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67440

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the early years of the creative work of the Russian film director Vasily Grogorievich Sakhnovsky in the Komissarjevsky Theatre (1914-1919). The object is the process of formation of the creative method of Sakhnovsky. We should point out to the several subjects of research, which are usually understood as peculiarities of establishment of the creative method of the film director: influence of the theoretical concept of theatrical romanticism and stage of F. F. Komissarjevsky, influence of the cultural context of the early XX century upon the creative method of the film director (philosophy of symbolism, V. Ivanov), later self-reflection of the artist presented in the theoretical and stage works (spectacles “Requiem”, “Lulu”). Scientific novelty consists in the fact that based on the recently published and yet unpublished sources, for the first time an attempt is made to reconstruct the history of the Komissarjevsky Theatre. The author conducts a systemic analysis of the specifics of formation of the creative method of V. G. Sakhnovsky, who for a long time was out of sight within the Russian theatre historians. The author comes to the following conclusions: the theory of romantic theatre and mutual stage experience of F. F. Komissarjevsky and V. G. Sakhnovsky became the theoretic-philosophical and practical foundation of the directorial method of Sakhnovsky, as well as determined his further development; on the other hand, the analysis of independent works of Sakhnovsky and circumstances of his conflict with Komissarjevsky detected flaws in the forming directorial technique of Sakhnovsky.

Keywords: creative method, directing, Komissarzhevsky, Sakhnovsky, symbolism, romanticism, theater, philosophy, Komissarjevsky Theatre, studio theater

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17521

Abstract: This article pursues correlation between the two fundamental works on culturology, which were created within different historical periods: E. S. Makaryan “Science about Culture and the Imperatives of the era” and A. S. Zapesotsky “Culture: from Russia’s perspective”. The book by E. S. Makaryan reflects the state of this area of knowledge in the Soviet time, while the book by A. S. Zapesotsky refers to present time. The first book represents the monographic research that defines the designation of culturology and characteristic to it specificity, as well as its relation to the other areas of knowledge. This research is polemical; it contains criticism of the outlooks upon culture, which belong to the Russian and foreign scholars. This analysis is aimed at the deep exploration of the problems of culturology within the framework of the historical-materialistic tradition. A. S. Zapesotsky book characterizes the current state of culturology. It confirms that the status of culturology within the modern humanitarian paradigm. Both of these researches often examine similar issues: on the status of culturology; on its ontological and epistemological problems; on relation of culturology towards other spheres of humanitarian knowledge. The author refers to the philosophy of culture and philosophy oh history, and also gives special attention to the principles of philosophical anthropology. The author attempts to demonstrate the evolution of opinions about culturology and culture in Soviet time, as well as in current time. The work by E. S. Markaryan is considered as the most complete idea on the cultural processes within the Soviet time. The research by A. S. Zapesotsky marks the significant changes in consolidation of the status of culturology.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67441

Abstract: This article pursues correlation between the two fundamental works on culturology, which were created within different historical periods: E. S. Makaryan “Science about Culture and the Imperatives of the era” and A. S. Zapesotsky “Culture: from Russia’s perspective”. The book by E. S. Makaryan reflects the state of this area of knowledge in the Soviet time, while the book by A. S. Zapesotsky refers to present time. The first book represents the monographic research that defines the designation of culturology and characteristic to it specificity, as well as its relation to the other areas of knowledge. This research is polemical; it contains criticism of the outlooks upon culture, which belong to the Russian and foreign scholars. This analysis is aimed at the deep exploration of the problems of culturology within the framework of the historical-materialistic tradition. A. S. Zapesotsky book characterizes the current state of culturology. It confirms that the status of culturology within the modern humanitarian paradigm. Both of these researches often examine similar issues: on the status of culturology; on its ontological and epistemological problems; on relation of culturology towards other spheres of humanitarian knowledge. The author refers to the philosophy of culture and philosophy oh history, and also gives special attention to the principles of philosophical anthropology. The author attempts to demonstrate the evolution of opinions about culturology and culture in Soviet time, as well as in current time. The work by E. S. Markaryan is considered as the most complete idea on the cultural processes within the Soviet time. The research by A. S. Zapesotsky marks the significant changes in consolidation of the status of culturology.

Keywords: Culture, Culturology, Society, Sociality, Paradigm, Civilization, Philosophy, Anthropocentrism, Eurocentrism, Universalities of culture