DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.22219

Abstract: This article examines the development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation in the context of realization of the principles of sustainable development of the territory, including the aspects of ensuring national security of state and society. The object of this article is the Russian Arctic Policy; while the subject is the economic, organizational, and legal mechanisms that ensure sustainable development of the Arctic territories within the framework of implemented policy. Special attention is given to the aspects of realization of the Arctic Policy in foreign countries, as well as the key challenges and opportunities of sustainable development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the authors determine the priorities and prospects of implementation of state policy in Arctic, taking into account the importance of preservation of socioeconomic interests of the state alongside the potential of strengthening the national security. The scientific novelty consists in identification and systematization of the key challenges and opportunities of implementation of the state policy, which ensures the sustainability of development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. This allows concluding that at present stage, Russia’s strategy in the Arctic must be oriented towards the search for resources and opportunities for ensuring the sustainable socioeconomic development of the territory, as well as the preservation of its status as a world’s territory and constructive international cooperation, fortified by the military presence that establishes the balance of powers within the region and the state’s national security.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.16153

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the analysis of the internal contradictions in the Russia - NATO relations. The object of the study is the system of relations between the Russian Federation and NATO; while the subject is problems and contradictions in the aforementioned relations at present stage. The author identifies the three types of internal contradictions: general internal contradictions between Russia; contradictions within NATO; and internal contradictions of the countries. The internal contradictions in Russia – NATO relations are divided into ideological, economic, military, and political. The first tyoe of contradictions is the internal contradictions. The second type is the conflict between dominance of the United States and reluctance of the European member-states go far beyond the regional framework. The third kind is contradiction within the United States, between European members of the Alliance, and the internal contradictions of Russia. Such contradictions currently exert significant pressure upon the process of interaction between the parties in the area of national security of the Russian Federation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.21597

Abstract: This article is dedicated to examination of the functions carried out by the modern transnational corporations (TNCs) within the system of world politics system, as well as the national interests of the traditional actors (nation-states), which in global politics are replaced by the transnational and corporate interests. The object of this research is the international (political) activity of the transnational corporations; while the subject is the functions of TNCs in world politics, as well as the conflict of national and corporate interests. The goal of this work consists in determination of the functions of TNCs in global politics and peculiarities of substitution in political sphere of the national interests of states with the corporate interests of TNCs. The attention is given to the fact that in modern world politics, the transnational corporations play a certain functions, which can be compared to or in some ways remind of the political functions of intergovernmental international organizations. From the political perspective, it allows considering TNCs as a direct competitor for not only the traditional nation-states, but also the intergovernmental international organizations. At the same time, the entrance of TNCs into the world politics and “taking on” a number of political functions, creates the risks of substitution of the national interests of modern states with the corporate interests of TNCs.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.17496

Abstract:   The subject of this article is the methodological aspects of optimization of the personnel competence. The object is the strategy for optimization of competence of the personnel of organization through increasing the quality of the higher professional education. The goal of this work consists in formulation and development of methodological aspects regarding the optimization of personnel competence as one of the key resources of organization. Methodology of this work is based on the analysis and synthesis, aggregation and decomposition, horizontal, vertical and comparative analysis. The scientific novelty is defined by the following positions: the authors examine the content and specificity of establishment and implementation of the strategy for improving the quality of education as a part of the innovation system in the economy, as well as the structural elements and impact of the strategy upon the innovation development of the state.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.22103

Abstract: The subject of this article is the methodological issues related to assessment of efficiency of the government administration. The authors attempt to assess the substantial differences of productivity of the regional management in constituents of the Far Eastern Federal District based on the mortality indexes: life expectancy at birth (for male and female population), infant mortality coefficient, and crude death rate. The work provides a brief analysis of the current demographic process of mortality in the subjects of Far Eastern Federal District, as well as presents the typology of the Far Eastern regions. The authors determine the types of regions in accordance with the level productivity of the government authorities: relatively productivity, lesser productivity, average productivity, weak productivity and, and ineffectiveness of the regional management. The authors believe that disregard for mortality trends in assessment of the situation can lead to the erroneous conclusions pertaining to socioeconomic situation of the regions. It is recommended to use mortality rates within the system of indexes (or as the initial characteristics of integrated index) for assessment of efficiency of the government administration.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.22326

Abstract: This article analyzes the two approaches towards understanding of project engineering, which include design and the modern stage of technology development. The author reconstructs establishment of the “traditional” (architectural and technical) engineering in culture, as well the role of architectural activity, engineering and technology in this process. The work introduces the idea of "project thinking", which analyzes the two aspects: means of the "language of engineering" (sketches, models, design norms, knowledge), and the "logic of engineering". In conclusion, the article discusses the transition from the "traditional engineering" to "nontraditional", which represents the non-project practices with the elements of engineering. As a result, the author was able to separate the existing approaches towards understanding of project engineering, analyze the prerequisites and establishment of this type of activity, give characteristics to the project thinking, as well as put forward a hypothesis regarding the key trend in the development of project engineering. It consists of two stages: the establishment and development of “nontraditional engineering” and the transition towards the “nontraditional engineering”.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.17707

Abstract: This article examines the peculiarities of synchronization of uninterrupted production lines in the conditions of their implementation in the factories employing people with physical disabilities. Application of uninterrupted method of production employing majority of the operators with physical disabilities will have certain specificities. In particular, synchronization of the operation of such production lines must be based on stricter requirements towards possible deviations of separate operational cycles within the flow on some work stations. Results of this issue allow conducting fairly precise synchronization of the production line operation in the socially oriented factories, specializing in employing staff members with various physical limitations and disabilities. The author determines the maximum allowable deviations of separate operational cycles form the rhythm of the production line within the framework of such factories, and formulates basic conditions for their synchronization.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.21698

Abstract: This article provides a brief review of the modern financial instrument, their common functions, and possible prospects of development. The actors of economic relations are presents as the interacting complex adaptive systems. Based on such approach, the financial instrument are viewed as the ways of realization of the postponed in time exchange between the systems. Thus, they are simultaneously determined as means of increasing the sustainability of some systems in the future, as well as the way of supporting the current existence of other systems. Similar definition corresponds with their traditional interpretation as the mechanism for attracting investments. Application of the systems theory allowed suggesting a more general definition to the various financial instrument, including the money. The presented model makes it possible to view the differences between them more systematically, rather than the crucial differences between several tools, as well as the implementation of one principle in various situations. The conclusion is made that the money as a guarantee of delivery of the postponed service on goods exchange, do not always manifest as the ideal commodity for exchange on the market. The author supposes that in future there is a possibility for existence of the formally barter cash settlement contract, in which the final cost is calculated not by the cost relative to the money, but another stock commodity or security.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.19909

Abstract: The subject of this research is the forms, structures, and methods of corruption phenomena in the higher school. It is determined that corruption is a countermeasure for the goals of socioeconomic development. At the same time, economic education largely has negative consequences for the state economic development due to the practical application of the acquired knowledge and forecast of the normative legal foundation for increasing the sustainability of state alongside ensuring the development of the Russian Federation in international organizations. The structure of the corruption activity is presented. The scientific novelty consists in identification of the necessary structure and composition of the counter corruption measures. The authors determine the ways of counteracting from the side of the academic personnel and student community. Analyzing the problem of corruption in the higher education facilities, the authors highlight several key actors: heads of the educational sphere, teaching personnel, students, and parents. Between the aforementioned actors, emerge the so-called “non-normative relationships”, which contradict the ethical norms, job description, and legislative norms: bribery, exactions, favoritism, etc.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.21897

Abstract: The subject of this article is the public-private partnership in the sphere of higher education as a specific GR-technology. The authors pay particular attention to the study of communication mechanisms that ensure the productive interaction between businesses and government authorities. The work carefully examines the new communication mechanisms of such technology, as well as specificities of its application in the system of the Russian and foreign higher education. Analysis of the subject of research confirms that the public-private projects manifest as the most efficient platforms for the open dialogue between business and government for resolution of the issues of higher education in the Russian Federation. The author made the following conclusions: 1) public-private partnership is the GR-technology, which manifests in application of specific methods of interaction between business and government to address the social issues; 2) examination of the communication mechanisms of public-private partnership as a GR-technology defined its efficient forms: alumni association ,endowment funds, fundraising, and public-private projects; 3) the case-study method allowed identifying the public-private projects within the system of higher education as the most effective mechanism for GR-activity in the Russian Federation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.17506

Abstract: Research is devoted to the need to consolidate the legal and regulatory institution of lobbying activities in the Russian Federation. Indeed, on the one hand, the complete absence of legislation in this area leads to the predominance of shadow and criminal methods of lobbying, and, on the other hand, the legalization of lobbying can cause a new round of corruption. Main attention is paid to issues of diversity of approaches to the understanding of lobbying in domestic and foreign literature, the ratio of the categories of "lobbying" and "corruption", as well as the efficiency of the legalization of lobbying activities in terms of countering corruption. The research methodology is based on the traditional legal science principles, techniques and methods: the dialectic, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, etc. The study author concludes on the need to create a legal form for the purpose of lobbying to somehow control this phenomenon. At the same time it expressed the view that the adoption of a law on lobbying should not be seen as a significant step in the fight against corruption. The law on lobbying can only be considered as one factor in a complex of measures, which could lead to a qualitatively new level of the interaction of government and society.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2017.1.17569

Abstract: The subject of this article is the administrative mechanism for increasing the students’ motivation for improving the quality of higher education. The object is the improvement of the quality of higher education. The goal of this work consists in establishment of the administrative mechanism for increasing the students’ motivation for the purpose of improvement of the quality of higher education. For achieving the set goal, the authors tackle the following tasks: examine the notion, problems of formation, and specificity of the administrative mechanist of increasing the students’ motivation; analyze the place and role of the administrative mechanism of increasing student’s motivation in the process of the reform of higher education and realization of the strategy of  improving the quality of education; study the structural elements of the mechanism of increasing students’ motivation in the interests of improving of the quality of their education. The scientific novelty is substantiated by examination of the essence of students’ motivation in the conditions of the control over competence as a result of the quality of higher education.