DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10108

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63515

Abstract: The author of the article views social networks such as Vkontakte, Facebook, Odnoklassniki and Twitter as a social institution where dialectic of the individual and social is expressed in interiorization (subjectivization) of social experience and exteriorization (objectivization) of individual experience. In social networks users interiorize their values of free communication, antagonism against prohibitions, particular social roles and attitude to other social institutions. The author of the article pays special attention to such phenomena as the friends list and re-posts on the Internet. Social networks make us think of friendship as something discrete, situational and practical. Re-posts are viewed as the part of degradation of communication in social networks because they cause literal interpretation of any personal content in communication processes and loss of identity. In social networks particular practices are rather exceptional and usually appear in the process of exteriorization of the most successful and popular forms and contents that are created in the course of information exchange and continuous communication. In social networks exteriorization is closely connected with creativity and generation of new forms and contents in the information Internet matrix. The author of the article concludes that in the dialectic process of interiorization of social experience being replaced by exteriorization of individual experience in social networks, our free will allows us to choose between a creative act of personality socialization/initiation and the loss of human identity through on-line communication.

Keywords: social networks, exteriorization of the individual, interiorization of the social, communication, social institution, social media, social relations, society, re-post, creative work.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.9132

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63516

Abstract: The phenomenon of crowd defined an intensive development of crowd psychology as an independent branch of psychology. Starting from Gabriel Tarde and Herbert Spencer history has been conceived from the point of view of philosophy, social studies and psychology. However, most of the researches conducted by social psychologists have been inefficient. Michele-Louis Rouquette, Serge Moscovici and Elias Canetti offered numerous classifications and defined a great number of local mechanisms, however, their researches lacked integration with branches of global psychology. Current branches of psychology and crowd psychology develop independently. However, crowd psychology is particularly viewed in classical psychoanalysis, analytical psychology, transpersonal psychology and so on. Close interaction between the aforesaid branches of psychology and social psychology solves a number of problems and questions raised by social psychology. Lack of integration between branches and disciplines causes even more problems with conceptualization and terminology. A significant breakthrough appears when analytical psychology is matched to modern achievements in social researches of crowd.

Keywords: psychology of mass, crowd psychology, social psychology, analytical psychology, crowd, social studies, psychoanalysis, individual, collective, unconsciousness, collective soul, archetype.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10209

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63517

Abstract: The author of the article carries out a comparative analysis of motives and mechanisms of choice in the decision making process. Based on the interdisciplinary analysis of evolutionary, cognitive and historical-philosophical aspects, the author concludes that preconscious and conscious factors influencing our choice are complementary. The author of the article also discusses the problem of the philosophical underpinning of logic and the role of logical means in the decision making process as a part of topical issues of intercultural communication and philosophy of creative process. The author describes evolutionary factors contributing to the certainty and responsibility of choice. Moral and religious ideas in zoroastrianism, art of polemics in ancient studies, activities of sophists, Plato’s and Aristotle’s conceptions and the stoic teaching about sensual objectivity and meaning of logic influenced the process of formation of analytical thinking. The author also discusses whether it is possible to use the object-image and conception thinking in the decision making process. In the decision making process the role of the principle of contradiction is represented in a form of clear distinction of true and false which has a particularly pragmatic value in real-life situations of making a choice. The principles of classical logic have been formed in the course of cognitive evolution.

Keywords: psychology, logic, everyday life, decision making, motives, choice, unconsciousness, consciousness, evolution, laws of logic.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10048

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63518

Abstract: The article is devoted to analyzing the phenomenon of lying. Even though it may seem like a paradox, one of the most efficient and therefore most common methods of up-bringing of the younger generation (including detection of child’s fraud) is the parent’s lie. Negative consequences of the parent’s lie are quite obvious and include fear, anxiety, feeling lonely and abandoned that are growing inside a child under the influence of his parent’s threats and child’s imagination. The author shares her opinion on whether the parent’s lie actually makes a child obedient and how it forms the understanding of ethics of truth. The author also discusses the long-term effects of the parent’s deceit on a child’s perception of himself and his parents and answers the question whether the parent’s lie can be excused and what other methods except for lying can be used by parents in up-bringing. It is quite obvious that lies do not help to establish moral principles and ethics. The author speaks out against a common social stereotype according to which lying cannot be used as a tool of up-bringing and a mean of socialization.

Keywords: anthropology, ethics, existence, child’s deceit, parent’s lie, social stereotype, socialization of child, creative intellect, cognitive skills, pedagogy, teaching.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.9004

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63519

Abstract: The article is devoted to the three sources of mind control: Antonio Gramsci’s teaching about cultural hegemony, psychological doctrine and cultural socio-dynamics and the three basic channels of mind control: mass media, mass (popular) culture and science. The author provides their brief description and underlines the important role of psychoanalysis in the process of mind control and manipulation. The author also focuses on science as a tool of mind control. The author shows that sociology and social philosophy that teach sociocentrism but haven’t clarified the field of social research turn to falsification and mind control. Sociology have become the slave of the ideologized System, developed particular research methods that easily yield to falsification and replaced the problem of human survival with the question about the human survival in the System. Therefore it is quite right to raise a question about social responsibility of a philosopher. The author views social ideology, the relation between social ideology and social issues as well as ethnic delusions in sociology and social philosophy. The author conducts the system analysis of the list of scientific specialties “22.00.00 — Social Sciences”. The list very well shows that social studies are closely associated with mind control which creates the problems and social tension and disturbs natural development of the society. The author shows the need in cultural improvement of social studies and describes a principled approach to this process. Based on that the author makes suggestions on what amendments should be made to the list of specialties “22.00.00 — Ethno-Social Studies’ which would contain 8 new disciplines. The author also provides conceptual grounds for these suggestions.

Keywords: mind control, psychological doctrine, psychoanalysis, cultural socio-dynamics, sociology, social philosophy, authority matter, social structure, list of specialties, channels of mind control.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10071

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63520

Abstract: In his article Michael Billing shows that Lacan made the distinction between “mirror stage” facts and his own theoretical interpretation of those obvious facts. Billing focuses on facts. According to the author, when facts generate doubts, theoretical interpretation of these facts becomes weak, too. This is quite a typical approach in psychology. Psychological ideas must be based on observations of human actions and should not be based on pure theory. However, Lacan was rather critical about that approach. He started his theory about the splitting of the ego feeling quite confident that was what a child actually did in front of the mirror. In other words, Lacan’s theory about the “ideal reflection” is based on Lacan’t confidence that his interpretation of observed actions were absolutely correct. At the same time, Lacan did not provide any evidence of the mirror reflection giving to a child his idea image. Lacan’s beliefs are not convincing and neither is his statement about what is actually going on in a child’s mind when he sees his reflection in the mirror. Michael Billing establishes that today many cultural theorists use Lacan’s conception so that their reasoning, at its best, becomes purely metaphorical or, at its worst, has no evident retain to actual human behavior. Michael Billing proves that Lacan’s concept of the relation between language and unconsciousness had an overly general nature and therefore does not help us to understand what people say and what they do when they say it. Moreover, the author provides proof that Lacan’s reputation does not allow to develop the critics of his theory even despite the fact that Lacan’s theory has more unclear provisions than clear ones.

Keywords: psychology, Lacan, unconsciousness, mirror stage, language, reflection, Ego, Self, estrangement, child.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10018

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63521

Abstract: The author of the article analyzes activity and psychological assistance provided at Centers of Child Play Development (CCPD) as structural subdivisions of state kindergartens. The author describes particular features of activities performed at CCPD. Performance of such centers is based on the principles of the theory of leading activity (this is the play activity at childhood) and the principles of cultural-historical psychology (in particular, the principle of the zone of proximal development). These principles were used during preparation for group lessons when a mother and a child were introduced to different forms of play activity (drawing and plasticine modeling) and physical activity (games and exercises). Special attention is paid at developing cognitive skills, curiosity, social skills, activity and encouragement of general creativity of a child. The author of the article uses practical methods for evaluation efficiency of such lessons, emotions and feelings of a child during a lessons and influence of these factors on adaption to a kindergarten in the future. The article proves CCPD to be quite efficient. Practically all children who attended such lessons at CCPD successfully adjust to their kindergartens and show a rather high level of cognitive development compared to children who never attended such centers.

Keywords: preschool psychology, play activity, structural subdivisions, alternate forms, socialization, adaptation, initiativity, emotional responsiveness, competent assistance, child adaptation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10149

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63522

Abstract: The author of the article discusses the origin of atomistic concepts from the point of view of intercultural studies. The article is devoted to researching the phenomena of Chinese culture, in particular, the Chinese verbal and written languages. The analysis is based on the cognitive approach described in I. Merkulov’s researches. Based on the examples from the Chinese verbal and written languages, the author of the article shows that Chinese people have a singular type of cogitation — mostly spatial-image (‘dextrocerebral’) thinking which is related to archaic cogitation. The author describes structures and types of hieroglyphs and demonstrates the examples of influence of hieroglyph “images’ on cultural occurrences in architecture, education, Internet communication and etc. The author also analyzes typical examples depicting the dependence of use of the words from the nature of percept images denoted by these words. The author also compares these features with the languages of modern primitive populations. Based on the examples from the Chinese language and culture the author makes a conclusion that Chinese people in general have a holistic and concrete world outlook and it is not typical for them to divide something whole into parts. This conclusion correlates with A. I. Kobzeva’s assumption that the idea of atomism was alien to Chinese people who represented the “dextrocerebral” psychological type.

Keywords: atomism, the Chinese language, the Chinese culture, spatial-image thinking, analytical thinking, hieroglyph, phonetics, written language, percept-image, thinking, cogitation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.9389

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.63523

Abstract: The author of the article describes factors influencing the formation of professional identity. These factors include individual psychological features, inner socially important motives, succession of professions within a family, high payment rate and prestige of a profession. The author of the article establishes a hypothesis that there are certain motivates of males and females choosing to be obstetrician-gynaecologist and urologist respectively. The author also lists different conceptions of professional development and defines physiological features of male or female as a factor of formation of diametric gender interests, orientations and preferences. It is concluded no matter what profession a male has, it does not influence his sex behavior. The author analyzes the theory of psychosexual development of personality and elements of the ethological paradigm. The author of the article also describes the role of the collective unconscious and overall male polygamy as factors allowing young male doctors to choose “female” profession. At the end of the article the author provides a full list of circumstances influencing the formation of professional identity of medical students.

Keywords: hereditary instincts, choice of profession, career guidance, psychophysiology of development, professional preferences, polygamy, reflex, behavior, role.