DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.5.27795

Abstract: The article provides a review of the jubilee international academic forum 'Russian Police: Three Centuries of Servicing the Homeland' devoted to the 300th anniversary of Russian police which was celebrated at St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in April 23 - 25 of 2018. Scientists, practical lawers and young researchers participated in the conference. Those were the people who focused on the evolution issues, current state and prospects for the development of the Russian police system. The authors of the research carry out a review of speeches made by the participants about the Russian police as the internal affairs governing board; police organisation and activities at different stages of the Russian history, and opportunities of using the three-century experience of the police service in today's Russia. To make a review of speeches, the authors used hermeneutical and formal law approaches, general research methods to analyze the texts of speeches, and the method of interpretation of legal texts. The authors of the article also provide the results of contemporary Russian researches that involved new sources of different kinds and focused on understudied facts and events related to the origin and development of the police of the Russian Empire. They also carry out a critical analysis of the provisions in Russian historiography on police activities. According to the authors, the analysis of the experience of the Russian police will give more knowledge about specific features of the police activity and improve the police activity of the Russian Federation. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.5.23796

Abstract: The subject of the research is the social relations arising in the sphere of interaction between police and civil society. The author proceeds from the fact that participation of the civil society in law-enforcement activity is the condition and requirement for the development of the modern law-bound state. Reinforcement and development of partnership relations with the civil society institutions is an official activity of police in many countries. An attributive feature of social life in modern democractic states is the growth of social law-enforcement organisations. Police and civil society institutions are becoming important actors that perform law-enforcement functions of a modern state and social security partners. The methodological basis of the research is the general research (systems, functional, historical approaches) and special research methods (formal law, historical law and comparative law). In his research Nizhnik describes a partnership model of interaction between police and civil society institutions that would enable their efficient interaction in the sphere of crime counteraction analyzes the experience of interaction between police and society in the process of the performance of law-enforcement functions by different countries, defines specific features of the development of partnership relations between police and civil society institutions in the Russian Federation, gives a list of the main areas and forms of interaction between police and civil society institutions in Russia in the sphere of crime interaction, and describes social control as the main form of partnershp interaction between police and civil society institutions in Russia and social councils of the Ministry of Internal of Affairs of Russia as the main determinant of the police-and-civil society institution interaction in the sphere of crime prevention and counteraction. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.5.27747

Abstract: At this stage Russia's law-enforcement system is facing all kinds of threats and challenges. One of such threats is the crime level, in particular, the most dangerous crimes such as recidivism and crime committed by minors. Recidivism is one of the most dangerous criminal phenomenon and actual threat for the national security that is of concern to both society and state. Involvement of minors makes the situation even more dangerous. At the same time, a considerable number of minors committing a crime were already convicted in the past. The methodological basis of the research is a set of general and special research methods such as systems approach, logical analysis, analytical method, generalisation, and law analysis. Having reached the major age, most of the criminals who were already imprisoned commit even worse second crime and create the core of recidivism. According to the author, this happens because the government legal policy has drawbacks in the part that regulates prevention of minor recidivism. The aforesaid circumstances outline the need in a more detailed research and in-depth legal development of the issues that arise as a result of the second crime committed by a minor. The aim of this research is to define the main drawbacks of the state criminal law policy in the part that prevents recidivism of minors and to offer relevant solutions. The conclusions of the research allow to make a statement that by keeping the record of recidivism crime committed by minors it will be possible to purposefully and systematically use all possibilities of the law-enforcement system in relation to a criminal. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.5.21216

Abstract: The subject of the research is the process of teaching professional physical culture values to cadets of the educational organisations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The authors of the research offer their own pedagogical system that allows to develop professional physical culture values of law enforcement officials. The authors also offer a definition of professional physical culture values and criteria to assess the degree of their maturity based on the concepts of value, stereotype and competence. The authors analyze two groups of professional physical culture values that may be attributable to a law-enforcement official, i.e. defense attitudes and quality attitudes. They also offer teaching tools to develop such values at educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, in particular, role-playing in small groups. The research methods include analysis, synthesis and generalisation of philosophical, psychological-pedagogical, professional-pedagogical literature, official documents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, progressive experience, educational experience, and analysis of the products of activity of cadets at educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2018.5.20671

Abstract: The authors of the article analyze the main problems of the discipline of the personnel of the State Traffic Inspectorate. The subject of the research is psychological problems contributing to the violation of the professional staff of the State Traffic Inspectorate of the service discipline and legality, as well as the system and methods of psychological prevention of various deviations of behavior. From the standpoint of psychological science and practice the basic aspects of compliance by employees of discipline and strengthening the rule of law, individual psychological and socio-psychological determinants of occurrence of deviations of behavior are considered. On the basis of a comprehensive study the authors propose and describe a three-level structure of the system of preventive work. Psychological influence is reduced to such relatively independent components as: 1) diagnosis, 2) education, 3) help, 4) adjustment, 5) opposition. The authors show the interaction of various actors in the process of implementation of psycho-prophylactic activities. The approach allows comprehensive (systematically variable and differentiated level) psychological work to strengthen the rule of law and service discipline. The methodology of scientific research included the application of the universal of the dialectical method and other scientific methods of cognition (analysis and synthesis, generalization, abstraction, induction and deduction, analogy, method, systems analysis) and private scientific methods (formal-logical, generalization of the existing work practices of departments for work with personnel, materials, disciplinary practices, observation, questionnaires, interviews, and psychological testing). The scientific novelty of the article is caused by the integration of the different approaches to work with personnel of the State Traffic Inspectorate in the form of a holistic and multi-level system of psychological prevention. The innovative aspect of the material is related to the fact that at each level of prevention the main areas of psychological work are defined. It can be concluded that the involvement of psychological knowledge in work on prevention of violations of discipline and legality among the personnel, organization structuring psycho-prophylactic activities significantly improve the performance of personnel of the State Traffic Inspectorate (to reduce the number of violations of discipline and legality, to stabilize the staff capacity of the units, to create a favorable socio-psychological climate in collectives, to improve the image of the police).