DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.26071

Abstract: The subject of this research is substantiated by the scientific views on legal and juridical responsibility presented in the Russian legal literature, which in most cases, does not demarcates these concepts and uses them as synonyms. The formulation of questions of legal liability is conducted in the context of consideration of the issues of juridical responsibility. The author analyzes the correlation between legal and juridical responsibility, reflecting the conceptual ideas of natural law and legal state; covers the theoretical reasoning on the problems of identification of the legal and juridical responsibility in connection with such phenomena as law, types of legal consciousness, social responsibility, positive and negative behavior; develops various models of legal and juridical responsibility, revealing their similarities and differences; determines the peculiarities, features, and spheres of practical implementation of the legal and juridical responsibility. The scientific novelty lies in proving the need for distinguishing legal responsibility from juridical. The following conclusions were made in the course of this research: legal responsibility is a structural elements of law as the social institution, for of social responsibility, doctrinal model that can be applies in academic pursuit and lawmaking process; juridical responsibility is a normative model that enshrined in the formal legal sources, has a discernible structure, and is an element of the professional, practical legal activities.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.12256

Abstract: One of the basic indexes of the quality of tourism product of recreational region is its security. The security index of the regional tourism product must become the foundation of its establishment, provision and consumption. The regional tourism product must be safe for tourists – the guests and investors of recreational region. The tourism system, forming a tourism product and interacting with the recreational territory as an independent system, can make a positive or negative impact.  The security aspect of tourism development in the region is also relevant with regards to the local population of recreational territory, with their peculiar lifestyle, religious and cultural values that may be violated by certain negative factors produced by tourism. The aspects of safe provision of tourism product must encompass the questions of ecology, environmental protection of the recreational region, preservation of religious, cultural and material values of the region, as well as the state interests within the recreational territory. Statistical data on the amount of Russian tourists died in the Russian Federation or abroad, multiple cases of injuries in tourism support the fact that the questions of safe formation, provision and consumption of tourism product as the key element of quality of tourism services it contains should be addressed using systemic approach. The author proposes the concept of structuring the quality (safe) tourism product, using the systemic approach within the framework of tourism management at the municipal level (on the example of resort city Sochi), which contains five stages: development of terminological base of the problem of formation of the concept of quality (safe) tourism product; identification of goals in tourism and formation of quality (safe) tourism product; creation of the ideal model of quality (safe) tourism product of resort city Sochi; structuring of strategy of creating quality (safe) tourism product of resort city Sochi; development of the concept of formation of quality (safe) tourism product within the framework of management system at the municipal level. The article also provides working definitions to the concepts “regional tourism product” and national tourism product”.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.27591

Abstract: The subject of this research is the criminological literature and legislation of the Russian Federation on counteracting corruption, bylaws, and departmental normative legal acts that contain regulations on corruption prevention. The article examines the approaches to determination of the role and place of corruption prevention within the national criminological doctrine and legislation, as well as studies the correlation of the concepts of “prevention”, “fight” and “counteraction” of corruption. Special attention is given to the general characteristic of the object, classification of subjects, and corruption prevention measures. The conducted research allowed revealing the features of corruption prevention and determining its place within the system of conceptual coordinates of counteracting corruption. Study of the approaches to understanding of prevention, as well as the peculiarities of this type of preventative activities in counteracting corruption, allowed enunciating the concept of corruption prevention. The author provides characteristics to the object, subjects and basic measures aimed at prevention of corruption crimes, as well as suggests their classification.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.27371

Abstract: The object of this research is the Latin American drug cartels. The subject of this research is the use of drug cartels as one of the instrument for dismantling the political regimes in modern system-network war. The author analyzes the structure, capabilities and specificity of drug cartels as the organizations that can manifest as the prime means in deconstruction of the states on the example of hypothetical scenario of external aggression against Venezuela and its political leadership. Special attention in given to cooperation between the American intelligence structures with the drug cartels that can be used for achieving geopolitical goals. In the course of this study the author applies the scientific methods for comprehensive analysis of the structure and capabilities of drug cartels and factors that substantiate their use in modern warfare; as well as conducts a comparative analysis of the data from organizations and Islamist terrorist networks. The work also leans on the most recent research of the phenomenon of wars, national and foreign scientific materials, analytical reports of the official organizations pertaining to drug business and international terrorism. The main conclusion lies in the statement that the drug cartels have necessary features for using them as the main striking force, but the presence of contradictions between them is the key vulnerability in such approach. The author’s special contribution contains the recommendations to the Russian political leadership regarding the necessary countermeasures to the indicated threat if it emerges in the zones of Russia’s strategic interests. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that this article is first to examine the drug cartels the proxy forces, i.e. the major instrument in modern system-network war.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.27402

Abstract: The paramount factor of ensuring economic security of the country and its regions is the sustainable growth of national economy. The level of innovation potential of economic subjects and workforce productivity are of instrumental importance for the economic growth in long-term perspective. Escalation of geopolitical uncertainty in the current Russian realities negatively influences the conduct of innovation activities, which is characterizes by the high level of ambivalence and risks. The economy of the frontier regions is especially affected by the geopolitical factor. The subject of this research is the innovation security of border regions of the European part of Russia, viewed as a paramount component of their economic security. Methodology is based on the theoretical and practical scientific approaches to innovation security, as well as the method of assessment of innovation component of economic security enshrined in the Russian Federation Economic Security Strategy until 2030. The author analyzes the dynamics of key indexes of innovation security for the seven bordering subjects of the Russian Federation: Smolensk Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Rostov Oblast, Republic of Crimea, as well as federal cities Saint Petersburg and Sevastopol. The scientific novelty lies in adaptation of assessment methodology of innovation security as an element of economic security of the country to the regional level. The main contribution consists in determination of the specificity of ensuring economic security of the regions of western frontier of Russian in the innovation aspect. A conclusion is made on the strong territorial and structural differences of innovation systems of these subjects, which substantiates the need for conducting the territorial-adaptive policy to ensure their innovation development and economic security.