DOI: 10.7256/2454-0633.2022.1.37280

Abstract: This article provides the results of research conducted within the framework of the concept of international legal protection of Lake Baikal on the outcome of environmental work of international non-governmental organizations in the sphere of protection and sustainable of water resources. Coverage is given on the activity of the World Water Council. Special attention is turned to the reflection of the main results of the World Water Forum, including the outcome of its activity in form of the Brazilian Declaration of Judges on Water Justice adopted in March 2018. Leaning on the results of the work with authentic text, the author examines 10 basic principles contained in the Brazilian Declaration of Judges on Water Justice, which a certain degree reflect the environmental priority in the consideration of civil, administrative and criminal cases related to the use and protection of waters, with the disclosure of their basic content. One of the proposals is the formation of the Expert Council on Lake Baikal that incorporates the academic staff of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, other representatives of scientific community who take part in preparation of assessment of the scientific validity of draft documents in the sphere of conservation of Lake Baikal that significantly affect then environmental activity in the Baikal Nature Reserve. A proposal is formulated on the inclusion into the current and newly developed programs for the advanced training of judges and prosecutors that imply the study of the key aspects of law enforcement practice in the sphere of environmental protection (considering the natural specificity of the region for the judges to implement their activity). Attention is given to the work of the International Water Resources Association and the results of the 16th World Water Congress held in Cancun (Mexico). The analyzed international experience is extrapolated to the problematic of conservation of the ecosystem of Lake Baikal.

Keywords: international environmental law, soft law norms, Lake Baikal, World Water Congress, international non-governmental organizations, conservation of biodiversity, Brazilian Declaration of Judges, water resources, prevention of environmental offenses, environmental protection

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0633.2016.1.17908

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the examination of the role and place of the international non-governmental organizations in the development of international law in the late XIX century, when the active formation of the institutions that ensure international relations has begun. The author determines the key prerequisites for this process and reviews the work of a number of the private legal structures, namely of the Institute of International Law that played a crucial role in the development of the international law of the said period, as well as of Red Cross, Union of Criminal Law, and Penitentiary Congress. It is these non-governmental institutions that allowed establishing the dialogue between the society and the government, and contributed into the advancement of the international law. Basing on the mainly pre-revolutionary materials, the author conducts the historical analysis of the role and importance of the international non-governmental organizations in formation of the norms of international law. The following conclusions were made: by the middle of the XIX century have been formed the conditions for the establishment of the new system of multiple institutions that ensure international relations of the non-governmental nature; some of the international non-governmental organizations made a significant contribution into the advancement of the international law as a whole.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0633.2016.1.67448

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the examination of the role and place of the international non-governmental organizations in the development of international law in the late XIX century, when the active formation of the institutions that ensure international relations has begun. The author determines the key prerequisites for this process and reviews the work of a number of the private legal structures, namely of the Institute of International Law that played a crucial role in the development of the international law of the said period, as well as of Red Cross, Union of Criminal Law, and Penitentiary Congress. It is these non-governmental institutions that allowed establishing the dialogue between the society and the government, and contributed into the advancement of the international law. Basing on the mainly pre-revolutionary materials, the author conducts the historical analysis of the role and importance of the international non-governmental organizations in formation of the norms of international law. The following conclusions were made: by the middle of the XIX century have been formed the conditions for the establishment of the new system of multiple institutions that ensure international relations of the non-governmental nature; some of the international non-governmental organizations made a significant contribution into the advancement of the international law as a whole.

Keywords: Union of Criminal Law, system of scientific communication, Red Cross, Institute of International Law, international non-governmental organizations, development of international law, XIX century, history of international law, Penitentiary Congress, institutional cooperation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0633.2017.2.22702

Abstract: Maintaining the values of fair play is the main goal of all international sports federations and sports in General. Match-fixing and other manipulations of sports results remain a serious problem, despite major progress in global fight against offenses in the sport. In this activity involved not only States as the main subjects of international law, but also the various sports federations such as FIFA, UEFA, ITF, WTA, ATP, as well as the European sports security Association (ESSA) and the organization of the anti-corruption Tennis Integrity Unit (TIU). On the mechanisms of the fight against match-fixing forces of these organizations will be discussed in this article. The methodology of the article is presented in the form of a complex of the scientific method, which is presented in the form of private methods - empirical, formal-logical, systemic-structural, formal legal. The main result of this work lies in the analysis of activity of the aforementioned non-commercial organizations in the field of fight against match-fixing, as well as identificatiion within its framework of the most efficient forms of cooperation with the actors of international law that manifests as relevant in the conditions of incidence of such legal violation in sport.  

Keywords: tennis, football, Tennis Integrity Unit, ESSA, UEFA, FIFA, fair play, match-fixing, manipulation, International Olympic Committee

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0633.2014.3.12584

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0633.2014.3.65443

Abstract: The article contains analysis of the activities of the international organizations in the sphere of provisions of the free of charge legal services. The author presents a study of the activities of the specialized international organizations, majoring in the provision of the free legal aid. The author shows the spheres of activities of such organizations, their interaction with other international, governmental and non-governmental organizations, as well as with the citizens and organizations in need of the free legal aid. The author pays special attention to the large international organizations majoring in pro bono activities. At the same time this is not always the sole direction of their activities, it is combined with other types of activities. The methodology of the studies is based upon the dialectic method, which is fundamental for the scientifi c cognition as such. The article also involves comparative legal, historical, formal logical, statistical, sociological methods of scientifi c studies . The article presents the fi rst comprehensive study of the international organizations in the sphere of pro bono practice. The author provides a classifi cation of the international organizations regarding the main spheres of their activities. The fi rst group involves organizations specializing solely on pro bono. The second group involves organizations implementing pro bono in addition to their main activities. The article may be of help for both the theoretical studies of the legal nature of the international organizations and the practical issues regarding interaction with the international organizations providing free of charge legal aid.

Keywords: Pro bono, international organizations, bar associations, standards for the legal services, poor persons, non-governmental charitable organization, international cooperation, international association of lawyers, cooperation agreements.