DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2020.4.32806

Abstract: This article examines G. R. Derzhavin “uncompiled” cycle of seasons that consists of the chapters “Winter”, “Spring”, “Summer” and “Autumn”. The author clarifies the existing in scientific literature grounds for receptive unification of these texts into an “uncompiled” cycle. Alongside the theme and genre affiliation, the point of view of a lyrical subject should be considered as the key features of cyclization. The article gradually analyzes the peculiarities of four seasons that gave the name to the receptive cycle, as well as determines the unconformity of their function to the canons established in Russian poetry of the XVIII century. The author determines the correlative internal links of the texts within the framework of the receptive cycle, based on the topics of dialogues and images of the addressees. In the process of communication, the autobiographic lyrical subject grasps his views upon the nature of poetic gift, and formulates the own axiological paradigms, consists in epicurean perception of reality, ability to enjoy only most essential goods (health and honesty, obedience to God’s will, acceptance of present times and life events of the past. The novelty of this research lies on the thesis that the trend of cyclization has not previously become the subject of special analysis on this particular material.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2020.4.32783

Abstract: The subject of this research is the heritage of Indo-European poetics in works of the Ancient Greek poet Solon. The object of this research is the elegies and fragments of his hexametric oeuvres. The authors examine such aspects of the topic as: 1) retention in Solon’s poetry of the structures similar to exposition of hymns in Ancient Greek and Ancient Indian traditions; 2) preservation of stylistic figures widely represented in the poetry of ancient Indo-European peoples; 3) preservation of poetic expressions and mythological ideas that may date back to Indo-European times. For achieving the set goals, the author employ the methods of text hermeneutics, semantic analysis, and comparative-historical linguistics. The following conclusions are made: in the corpus of Solon’s texts there are fragments very similar to expositions of hymns in the Ancient Greek and Vedic traditions; Solon’s poetry contains stylistic approaches that can be reconstructed to the level of Indo-European poetics; poetic expressions and mythological representations dated back to Indo-European times are retained in Solon’s texts.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2020.4.30410

Abstract: The subject of this research is the analysis of universal grammar ideas in the area of syntax and their reflection in the Russian educational materials of the early XIX century. The relevance is defined by the fact that writings of the authors of universal grammars contain ideas currently applied in description of fact of language within the framework of generative grammar. View on grammar of A. S. Nikolsky, F. F. Rozanov, L. H. Jacob, I. F. Timkovsky, I. Ornatovsky repeatedly have become the subject of analysis; however, in light on most recent achievements of the theory of linguistics, previous works require revision. Research methodology leans on the theories, which are founded on the principle of historicism in linguistics that allows establishing own patterns in transformation of the subject of research and clearly understands the internal logics of scientific development. With emergence of works of the world renowned American linguist Noam Chomsky, who claimed that his generative grammar is based on the key postulates of universal grammar, the authors of universal grammars have attracted attention once again. The scientific novelty lies in the more objective assessment of the contribution of A. S. Nikolsky, F. F. Rozanov, L. H. Jacob, I. F. Timkovsky, I. Ornatovsky to the development of grammar science, and syntax in particular.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2020.4.30606

Abstract: The object of this research is the metaphorical component of text, which allows understanding more profound meanings of information code and determine attitudes of the addressee. The subject of this research is the conceptual metaphors that manifests as the means of categorization, comprehension of the surrounding world, access to mental processes and mechanisms. Establishing associative links between the phenomena of cognizable world, metaphors represent the understanding of reality by an individual and form new knowledge on the world. The text of the article by M. Kiseleva “Who benefits from the raise of retirement age” served as the material for this research. In description of linguistic material, the author applied semantic-cognitive method of analysis that allow studying the types of mental representations in mentality of native speakers. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the types of metaphors, the language means of which can be considered as metaphorical nominations representing the concepts of “life”, “retirement”, “government”, “person”, etc. It is concluded that the text of mass communication utilizes zoomorphic, phytomorphic, thematic, artefactual and sociomorphic metaphors as the means of linguistic manipulation. Metaphorical nominations, presented by conceptual metaphors, using the mentality of a native speaker, reflect one of the methods of categorization of the surrounding environment. The research results may serve as the materials for linguocognitive studies of the concepts.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2020.4.30226

Abstract: Cognitive linguistics is the advancing branch of philology due to the proven correlation between the development language and human’s mind. The article analyzes the concept of “solitude” on the example novel by Canadian writer Yann Martel “The High Mountains of Portugal”. The object of this research is the concept “solitude”. The subject is the linguistic explication of the concept of “solitude” realized on the lexical and textual levels. Emphasis is made on characteristic features of the novel confirming that it refers to the literature of postmodernism. The author lists distinctive characteristics of the concept, analyzes the definition of “frame” with variety of subtypes, and “semantic field” as the largest semantic paradigm emerging by association with one or another phenomena. The concept of “solitude” is viewed from the perspective of philosophy, pedagogy and psychology. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of insufficiently studied literary work of postmodernism (written in 2016) through the lens of cognitive linguistics. The term “concept” is considered in the context of multiplicity of its characteristics and approaches; definitions given by the scholars of various times and schools are provided. A conclusion is made on the discursive and emotional-evaluative components of the concept at hand. The author established the lexical and notional frames in the specific novel.