Features of the Functioning and Semantics of the Textual Bond "bolee togo" [moreover]

Tyurin Pavel Mikhailovich ORCID: 0000-0001-5000-9757 PhD in Philology Associate Professor, Department of Russian Language and Literature, Far Eastern Federal University 690022, Russia, Primorsky Krai, Vladivostok, Russian island, Ajax village, 10 turin2010@mail.ru

The study of the text and the means of explication of intra-textual connections is one of the urgent tasks of modern linguistics. Of particular interest are text staples, special service units expressing various relationships between different parts of the text in terms of volume. The range of text staples is quite wide and continues to expand. These units are characterized by a complex and heterogeneous grammatical nature, a certain pragmatic potential, and many are multifunctional, being able to be used not only at the level of the text, but also at the level of utterance. Another relevant task today is the lexicographic description of text staples, since the available descriptions of most of these units reflect only certain aspects of their functioning, and some are not described at all.

Description of text staples in RussianTextual staples have repeatedly become the object of linguistic research in the works of a number of researchers.

Thus, among such units that have received a sufficiently deep and diverse description, in general, in general, mainly a number of others, whose dictionary entries are presented in the "Dictionary of official words of the Russian language" in the section "Hybrid Words" ^{[12, pp. 287-355]}, so ^[17], as a result and as a result ^[18], so, thus ^[14], and the last ^{[3, pp. 494-497]}, now about ... ^{[2, pp. 129-134]}, however ^{[4, pp. 84-92]} and some others. The results of lexicographic portraiture of some text staples are presented in collective monographs of representatives of the Far Eastern syntactic school "Service words in lexicographic aspect" ^[13] and "Lexicographic portraits of service words" ^[7].

At the same time, it is worth noting that even the problem of the term for designating such units has not yet been completely solved. We use the term "text clip" after A. F. Paladkina ^{[11, pp. 334-344]} as the most successful and most widely used in modern Russian studies, however, for example, in the work of O. I. Filimonov, the term "clip-phrase" is used ^{[15, pp. 44-45]}). M. V. Lyapon uses the term "relativ" to denote connecting words in an utterance and in the text ^[8], and in foreign works and domestic studies based on them, the terms "connector" can be used (see, for example, ^{[6, p. 125]}) and "discursive words" ^[5]. In addition, M. I. Cheremisina and T. I. Kolosova use the term "staple" when describing a complex sentence. By this term she calls all types of service words forming a complex sentence (in relation to languages of different systems) ^{[16, p. 179]}.

Despite a fairly large number of works devoted to textual staples, this area of research does not lose its relevance, due to the constant replenishment of this class of service words, their polyfunctionality and rich semantic and pragmatic potential. The object of analysis in this work was a textual staple, moreover, which previously received a description only in some dictionaries. Thus, in the dictionary-reference book "Difficult cases of Russian punctuation" is more than identified with more than that and is characterized as an introductory combination that emphasizes the importance of the subsequent phrase, used before the final and stronger statement ^{[10, p. 36]}. In the "Ideographic Dictionary of the Russian language", moreover, it is described as a unit that serves to strengthen the thesis ^[1]. The descriptions given allow us to conclude that the text clip is moreover described rather superficially so far.

Functional and semantic features of a text staple moreoverMoreover, the textual staple has a two–element morphological structure with a contact arrangement of elements - it consists of two words (an adjective more in the form of a degree of comparison and a pronoun that in the form of the genitive case).

The analysis of the use of this unit, conducted on the basis of a continuous sample of texts of various functional styles and genres, including using the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NCRR), showed that the distant arrangement of elements and the inclusion of additional elements in the composition of the staple is impossible (there are no similar examples in the analyzed texts). The distant arrangement of the components is possible only when functioning moreover at the level of utterance as part of an allied means in a compound sentence (2 similar uses are recorded in the NKRR), however, in this case we are not talking about a textual staple:

Russian Russian In response to Zhukovsky's request to inform him of all the details of his journey through Palestine, he wrote to him: "Every simple Russian person, even a Russian peasant, if only he bowed with a trembling of a believing heart, shedding tears, to every corner of the holy land, can tell you more than all that you need [NKRYA].

It should be noted that in the course of the study, we found cases of functioning moreover at the level of utterance.

(1) The first period passed in an equal struggle, moreover, the attacks of Belarusians were even more dangerous. But the next twenty minutes were dictated by the Russians [media].

(2) At the same time, he stressed that the Rowley brothers did not make claims against Russia. "They have no complaints against Russia, moreover, they came with a request to tell what is really happening," Yakovenko said.

The Rowley brothers did not communicate with the media and left the ambassador's residence without comment [media].

As can be seen from the examples given, in both cases, moreover, it is used in the position between the parts of a non-union complex sentence, while the nature of the relationship between the parts of the BSP may be different. This allows us to conclude that the main function, moreover, is to formalize connections between structures, the grammatical connection between which is not explicated by other means. However, from a formal point of view, it is possible to talk about a textual bond only when, moreover, it explicates the connections between constructions designed as different statements (from the point of view of punctuation – as different sentences).

Moreover, the meaning of the text clip (like most others) is based on the transformed original meaning of the constituent components.

The first component is derived from the adjective "large", meaning "Significant in size, magnitude, strength" ^{[9, p. 55]}. The second component is the pronoun the, the meaning of which is defined as "Indicates that–n. remote in space or in time, as well as to what has already been mentioned in speech and is already known" [ibid., p. 805].

Thus, the resulting text clip resulting from the connection of these components acquires the meaning of "something more significant than what was said earlier." This value is implemented in the context in which the text clip is embedded.

The scope of action (semantic blocks of the text, in the formation of which a staple can participate) moreover, can extend to several statements and even 2 paragraphs. A minimal context consisting of two sentences can be observed in this example:

Allegedly during the conversation, Trump said: "... if you want to start an arms race again, we can arrange it, but I will win it." Moreover, according to American journalists, Trump even reminded Putin of the amount that was allocated in the United States for military purposes. [MEDIA].

In this example, moreover, it connects the last 2 statements. In the first of them, one action of D. Trump is mentioned (stated), and in the next – the second (recalled), while the second is marked with a paper clip as more significant than the first.

The left context of the staple can be broader.

The official representative of the Feylak ar-Rahman group, Wail Alwan, said that Russia "hopes in vain to repeat the experience of Aleppo in Eastern Ghouta." According to him, "there will be no withdrawal of militants and civilians, as happened in December 2016 in the northern capital of Syria." Moreover, Russia was accused of allegedly playing along with the regime in Damascus, which "wants to redraw the demographic map of Syria and violate the historically established confessional composition of the population" [media].

In the example given, the left context of the staple consists of 2 statements. The first one talks about which scenario will not be implemented, and the second one reveals the details of this scenario. In the right context of the paper clip, another statement about Russia is reported, and it is again marked with a paper clip as more important than those given in the left context.

Moreover, the right context of the staple can also consist of several statements.

The official website of Avangard quoted one of the most famous foreign coaches who worked in Russia, Vladimir Vuitek. The Czech specialist bluntly stated that Salavat Yulaev has no chance of reaching the Gagarin Cup final. Moreover, Avangard will have enough main time for a decisive victory. Statistics also supported the forecasts in favor of Avangard. In the history of the KHL, there were only four cases when a team, losing in a 1-3 series, eventually achieved victory. Interestingly, Avangard participated in one of them, the final of the 2011/2012 season, however, being in the role of the victim – Omsk then lost the advantage, and with it the Gagarin Cup to Dynamo Moscow [media].

In this example, we are talking about the state of affairs of two football teams. In the left context, with a link to the website of one of these, it is said that the second has no chance to reach the final of the Gagarin Cup. The first sentence says that even the main time will be enough for the second team to win, and this fact is marked as more important than those named in the right context. The following sentences provide arguments in support of the stated thesis.

As the analysis of the collected language material has shown, 2 paragraphs can be included in the context of the paperclip.

The AKP spokesman, referring to the statement of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, noted that Ankara chose Russian air defense systems (air defense) because Washington's proposal to acquire the Patriot system did not suit Turkey.

Moreover, Omer Celik said that in fact Turkey was forced to look for an alternative to American air defense systems after "some NATO allies" withdrew their Patriot complexes from Turkey [media].

In this example, formally, the context of the paperclip consists of 2 sentences, each of which is framed as a separate paragraph. This paragraph division is obviously due to the fact that the information contained in the sentences is quite heterogeneous, while the need for its differentiation is emphasized with the help of a text clip. In addition, in this example, attention is drawn to the lack of punctuation of the staple. At the same time, a comma is usually placed after the staple, and such punctuation should be considered normative, which is recorded in dictionaries and reference books (see, for example, ^{[10, p. 36]}). This is confirmed by the intonation of the staple with a pause. In this regard, the absence of a comma in the above example should be regarded as a punctuation error. The rarity of such cases is also evidenced by the data of the NCRA.

The above examples allow us to say that the text clip is "moreover" capable of forming semantic blocks of text, and quite large, which is most clearly shown by the cases of connecting two paragraphs with it. However, an analysis of the uses of this unit shows that the whole text cannot become the context of the staple, i.e. we can talk about certain semantic limitations of its scope.

The analysis of the use of a text clip moreover showed that it can function in the format of a clip-phrase, i.e. it can be made into a separate statement, which corresponds to a certain punctuation and intonation design.

However, in fact, Sergey Sidorenko, the head of the expert department of the Russian Academy of Sciences, put the dots over the "i", the example given, although known to experts, is taken not from a textbook, but from a textbook belonging to the category of educational literature that does not pass, according to the existing rules, expertise. Moreover. The RAS, the scientist stressed, tirelessly asks citizens to send to the academy all the mistakes found in textbooks. And if at first there were really a lot of such appeals, moreover quite sensible ones, but now the situation has changed radically [media].

The NCRA and other sources show that such cases are quite rare, but they are not isolated. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that here, moreover, it performs the function of explication of intra-textual links within a single paragraph.

Another characteristic feature of the use of a text clip, moreover, is that it almost always occupies the position of the absolute beginning of a sentence and is practically unable to shift inside the utterance. Deviation from this general principle is possible only in cases when the staple interacts with other service words. In particular, based on the analysis of the collected material, the interaction of moreover with the compositional unions and and but is noted.

1. Interaction with the Union of no:

I'm not going to give up. I will prove my case to the end. But, moreover, I set myself the goal of exposing the person who does all this, and I will do it. For certain reasons, I cannot name this person. But today, if life turns out this way, they do not give us the opportunity to develop healthcare, help people, we will fight the injustice that exists today [the media].

2. Interaction with the Union and:

They have resources with specialists who will open absolutely EVERYTHING that has ever been stored on your hard drives! So don't even bother with that. And about the volume, you made me laugh at all, I'll tell you a little secret! They will dig even because of ten tablets of methane and one 10ml bottle of propionate. And moreover (fasten your seat belts!!!), this volume will be considered especially large! I'm not kidding! [Internet forum].

At the same time, we note that during the analysis, we did not identify any cases of interaction of the text clip "more than 2 with other text clips.

ConclusionSo, the conducted research has shown that the textual staple moreover belongs to the number that has not received a complete multi-aspect analysis in linguistics to date.

Its descriptions are presented only in dictionaries and reference books, and these descriptions can be considered fragmentary and do not fully reflect the specifics of the semantics and functioning of this unit.

This unit has a two-element morphological structure with a contact arrangement of elements. These elements make up the semantic base of the staple, because its own semantics is based on them. Moreover, the meaning of the text clip can be formulated as "something more significant than what was said earlier."

As the analysis of the use of the text clip has shown, moreover, this unit has a fairly free scope of action. Its left and right context may consist of several statements or paragraphs. However, the whole text cannot become the context of the paperclip. In addition, this paper clip can function in the format of a paper clip-phrase and interact with compositional unions, but we have not found any cases of interaction with other text clips.

Moreover, some aspects of the functioning of the service unit remained outside the scope of this study. Thus, further attention needs to be paid to the study of the functioning of the staple, moreover, in the context of the stylistic and genre specifics of the texts, as well as the use of the service unit, moreover, at the level of utterance.

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