DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32764

Abstract: This article analyzes the female beginning reflected in the Buddhist art of thangka, and emphasizes its specificity in comparison with the Orthodox icon. The author examines symbolism of the key visual elements that form iconography of female characters and their color solution, as well as analyzes the symbolism of light in thangka painting and painting of icons. In drawing parallels between light symbolism of a female image in both types of religious paintings, the author determines their definite similarity in perception of light as a divine beginning of enlightened mind. The subject of this study is the Tibetan thangka and the Orthodox icon, viewed in the context of evolution of the female divine image within the chronological framework of the XV – XVII centuries. The relevance is substantiated by the growing interest of various experts to the religious painting thangka. In examination of sacred images of Buddhist thangkas and Orthodox icons were applied the comparative-historical and iconographic methods that lean on philosophical, culturological and art scientific materials. The novelty consists in the fact that based comparative analysis of the material of Tibetan thangkas and Orthodox icons, the author explores the traditions of depicting light manifestations of sacred images of women. Iconographic plot traces the formation of light and its role in creation of the female guise of wisdom. The conclusion is made that for assessing the Tibetan Buddhist art of thangka and Orthodox icon it is necessary to grasp the essence of female beginning and significance of the symbolism of light that indicates the aspect of wisdom and love on the path of spiritual growth. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32811

Abstract: In the conditions of globalization with characteristic for this era sociocultural transformations, the anthropological problematic, which emphasizes the role of interrelation between creativity and personal being, comes to the forefront. The object of this study is creativity in the philosophical-cultural concept of M. Heidegger. The subject is the phenomenon of creation in M. Heidegger's existentialism. Reference to the concept of M. Heidegger is not accidental, since the problem of human and creativity is focal in his philosophical writings. In his work “The Origin of the Work of Art”, Heidegger sets an ontological vector of studying creativity in art, assigning to being as such the core position.  The article explores M. Heidegger's understanding of creation, which he describes using the terms of "being", "time", "space", "unconcealment", "truth", "thingness", "beautiful", and "beauty".The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the cultural and historical method. The appeal to the existential-phenomenological methodology allows identifying the peculiarities of comprehension of creativity in the concept of M. Heidegger. The systemic approach serves as the foundation for examining the phenomenon of creativity as a system. It is determines that Heidegger explains creativity as the artist’s way to personal fulfillment. The conclusion is made that according to the philosopher not every work can be attributed to creation, but only those that reflect the system of views of the artist and specificity of time. For Heidegger, art is the space of existence and creation; the essence of art consists in the truth being created in creation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32729

Abstract: This article examines the impact of Chinese traditional painting upon the formation of Western expressionism, as well as interprets the influence of Western expressionism upon Chinese painting in expressionist manner of different periods. The author reveals the mutual influence, similarities and differences between Western expressionism and Chinese painting in expressionist manner, Chinese imagery oil painting, Chinese colored ink painting, and Chinese imagery painting in Western style. Based on correlation between the spiritual ideology of painting and artistic form, the author carries out a comparative analysis of spiritual and formal factors of Chinese and Western painting systems for the purpose of determination of their mutual influence, and how it affects the emergence of new concepts in painting. The structure of brush stroke of the artist defines his aesthetic spirit. The article determines the “cyclic” nature of interinfluence processes between Chinese and Western painting systems that stimulate the development of human civilization. The analysis of corresponding cultural factors allows assessing the individual artistic characteristics of painting. Both, Chinese and Western painting systems entered the period when spiritual ideology of painting interacts with the artistic forms, opening the era of “globalization” of the language of painting.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32877

Abstract: This article analyzes the aesthetics of color as a branch of metaphysics of light and entire photonic zone, which from phenomenological perspective can be viewed as the source of intentional radiations in various bands. It is demonstrated that the image of light is the result of work of aesthetic and artistic consciousness that pan the world and place of a human therein; at the same time, it is important to underline the set-up of meaning with all its predicates in the a posteriori score of color perception itself. Special attention is given to examination of the phenomenology of color. Metaphysically, it represents an even, when the color reflect itself in the value and acquires a prospect. Structuring of modern phenomenological attitude to reality leads to the emergence of new opportunities for the experience of working with color, reconsideration of beauty of coloristic data. According to Husserl, color originated by fantasy, can be an act of life within aesthetic consciousness. Despite the rich research material on the topic, these is still no special research that would demonstrate the artistic shift of boundaries of the color image in relation to metaphysical axes of reference (which becomes a leitmotif for metaphysical painting Giorgio de Chirico), as well as possibility of existence of cross-platform toolset that works on several instrumental systems of aesthetic consciousness and allows conducting the analysis of aesthetic methods of examination of the color itself. This article helps to fulfill such gap.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32950

Abstract: The subject of this article is the role of mas in art culture of the Silver Age as a peculiar era of the “Russian Renaissance”. The term was introduced by N. A. Berdyaev and is present in a number of hisp philosophical writings. The object of this research is the Silber Age, perceived by the author as a somewhat mythological concept. Within the history of Russian culture “Golden Age” is attributed to the time of Pushkin, while “Silver Age” is a period of the bloom of modernism at the turn of XIX-XX centuries, when creative revival coincided in the visual and scenic arts, literature, music, science, and social life. The goal of this work consists in the analysis of dynamics and interconnection between artistic pursuits of the era of Russian modernism and the role of mask in this process The research results testify to the fact that in the Silver Age art prevails the cult of mask as a so-called challenge, protest against reality, which defined its special role in the works of painters, theatrical designers, symbolist poets, avant-garde filmmakers, whose experiments were aimed at determination of the new forms of relationships between art and the public. The relevance of study is substantiated by “interchange” of eras: new trends in development of sociocultural sphere of turn of XX-XXI centuries, when mask came into the people’s everyday life, and the image (persona) becomes an intrinsic part of communication process.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32885

Abstract: This article is dedicated to systematization and analysis of the key principles of the social practice of collecting. Analyzing the causes of collecting activity alongside motives and prerequisites for collecting, the author explores the social character of interaction between an object and a human. The article touches upon the phenomenon of personification of things and objectification of people. Significant attention is paid to comprehension of the basic principles of collecting – a thing as such, and the time as the main condition of transformation of that think into a collectable item. The article reviews the integrated processes of cultural interaction in the course of creation and utilization of collection. Giving characteristics to communication space, the author determines and scrutinizes the three fields of communication: “subject – exhibit item” (interaction between the owner of collection and its items); “subject – subject” (the entire range of means of communication interaction, which makes a collection public and information rich; and “collection – audience” (interactive events created for the formation of cross-cultural communication).

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32555

Abstract: Based on the materials of the family of architects Zimonenko-Feierstein, this article examines the peculiarities of avant-garde and constructivism. Roman Feierstein and Lyubov Zimonenko graduated the Moscow University of Arctitecture and were taught by pedagogues – the representative of avant-garde and constructivism. To understand the nature of avant-garde and constructivism, the author characterizes the goals and tasks solved by these trends and concepts, as well as analyzes the works of Roman Feierstein and Lyubov Zimonenko. It is demonstrated that constructivists create artistic reality, juxtaposing and simultaneously combining various processes and contents, sending over consciousness of a spectator to a particular reality. This pattern is inherent not only to figurative art, but also literature. The article employs situational and comparative analysis, methods of reconstruction of the works of applied arts and generalization. As a result, the author was able to reveal certain peculiarities of avant-garde and constructivism as an approach and activity, as well as underline that avant-garde and constructivism as approaches also suggest conceptualism. The role of conceptualism consists in outlining and explaining of reality, created by an artist for their audience.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32829

Abstract: This article presents the results of research of text sources associated with the image of Hippocampus or seahorse in the European culture of antiquity of the early modern age. The author examines the use of this image of Roman culture and adaptation of this character by modern arts in accordance with the Roman patterns. Within the framework of this research, the author uses not only the visual sources, but also other cases of depiction of the image of Hippocampus. Emphasis is made on impersonation of the image of Hippocampus in art objects and images of theatricalizes performances of the XVI century. The work employs semiotic and complex methods of research, as well as traditional methods of art history, historical and formal analysis. The analysis of similar cases allows observing the whole picture of the sources of formation of various form of European art of modern age. Special interest for the author presents impersonation of the image of Hippocampus in modern theatricalized performances as one of the attributes of sea deities, as well as the instances of its application.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32824

Abstract: This article presents the results of research of visual sources related to oriental, and namely Turkish headwear, as well as varieties of its reception by the European painters of the late XVI – XVII centuries. The subject of this research is the perception of visual and scenic European traditions of certain forms of female headware of that time. The author examines different visual sources that describe the European representations on the Turkish female headwear, as well as scenic and allegorical costumes of the period in question. Such multi-symbolic item as theatrical costume requires application of semiotic method of research. The article also used the traditional for art history methods, historical and formal analysis. The study of similar instances allows seeing the overall picture of sources of creation of forms of the contemporary scenic European costumes. The conclusion is made on the positive and diverse application of the shapes of Turkish headwear in theatricalized and allegorical images of the late XVI – XVII centuries, their gradual transformation and shifting away from perceptions of these shapes as purely ethnic.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32932

Abstract: Opera “The Greek Passion”, based upon Nikos Kazantzakis’ novel “Christ Recrucified”, demonstrated the Biblical story in “passions” of the XX century: in 2019 it was staged for the first time in Russia by Ural Opera Ballet Theatre. The article analyzes Martinu’s interpretation of the genre of passion, related to music and folk mistrial nature of this genre. Experience of interaction of the theatre in the course of staging the spectacle with representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church is reviewed. The research describes the transformation of conflict between true and false Christianity, the themes of inner transfiguration of a person. Analysis is conducted within the methodological framework of the modern theory and history of culture, in combination of culturological, philosophical and theatrological methods of interpretation. It is noted that the captured by stage directors idea on conversion of Christianity into a part of cultural tradition that can lead to the loss of its spiritual content. A conclusion is made that art and religion can be viewed as the equivalents ways of acquainting with the generally recognized humanistic values.