DOI: 10.25136/2409-7810.2018.1.25059

Abstract: The aim of this article is to analyze the experience of the foreign states in the process of reformation of internal affairs authorities in the constitutional laws of modern states. The subject of the research is the constitutional and legal reforms held in Sweden in 2010 - 2015. The author pays special attention to the efficiency of the government commission and parliament comission that created the most useful amendments to the applicable police legislation of Sweden. According to the author of the article, it would be useful to address to Sweden's experience in the reformation of internal affairs agencies in order to improve the constitutional and legal regulation of Russia's police activity. Having analyzed laws and regulations issued by Swedish riksdag and government, the author of the article discovers particular position of the legislator on transformation of the police system. The results of the esearch carried out has allowed to conclude that in Sweden the police reform was more of a constitutional nature because it was aimed at improving the principles of organisation and activity of the police as part of Sweden's public authority in the first place. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that for the first time in the academic literature the author introduces new sources of Sweden's constitutional law and extends the list of researches and works on the constitutional law of the foreign states. The author comes to the conclusion that transformation of the law-enforcement system reinforces the democratic political regime and entrusts the police with the responsibility to defend the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2017.1.21867

Abstract: The article is aimed at the study of legal aspects of policing in the mechanism of enforcement of human and civil rights and freedoms. The research subject is the existing scientific approaches to the interpretation of the role of law enforcement bodies in the enforcement of rights of citizens. The author studies the example of the police in foreign countries. Special attention is given to the works of American and Western European scholars studying the capacities of the police in the protection of rights. The author relies upon the thesis that the police are the core of the law enforcement system of a modern democratic state, and the enforcement of rights is one of their activities. The analysis of the set of theoretical and practical works, including the works of foreign legal scholars, allows the author to consider both positive and negative aspects of the police work, when the police can at the same time protect and restrict the rights of citizens. The author concludes that the protection of human rights by the police in modern foreign countries is a result of dedicated work of the police fulfilling their duties imposed on them by special laws; it ensures the trust of the population in police officers and promotes the development of cooperation between the civil society and law enforcement agencies. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that the author considers the work of the police within the mechanism of enforcement of rights and freedoms as a priority direction of policing in modern democratic states. The practical implementation of “the police at the service of society” concept, successfully applied in European countries, will increase the authority of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.