Abstract: The article deals with the trope system of the Russian language. The aim of the article is to reveal the stages of analysis which students need to pass to identify different tropes based on usual metaphor. For mastering theoretical material the authors suggest the teaching technique founded on the step-by-step topic learning. The chosen form of the material presentation has determined the direction of tasks combined into three modules: "Language metaphor - Artistic metaphor"; "Language Metaphor - Personification," "Language Metaphor - Figurative comparison". Module work is connected, firstly, with the tasks involving consulting with dictionaries, studying the structure of dictionary entries, revealing the lexical-semantic variants of a polysemant word that determine the specifics of an individual trope. Secondly, the authors suggest types of exercises which involve context observing and help students rethink the meaning of a word and then correctly identify the functioning of the trope in the text. While studying the topic, each of the modules gives the opportunity to combine knowledge of theory and practical analysis of objective material and that makes the results of research work valuable, and conclusions conscious. While training bachelor-philologists, linguists, teachers of the Russian language and literature and students of general and (or) secondary general education, the suggested technique for studying complex issues of lexical semantics and trope system allows students to develop skills that implement professional competence related to the readiness to use systematized theoretical and practical knowledge to set and solve research problems in the field of education.