DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.11.68795

Abstract: This paper analyzes the socio-demographic processes that occurred in Tyumen Okrug in the first decade of Soviet power, recorded by the materials of the All-Union Population Census of 1926. The object of the study was the population of the Tyumen Okrug. The subject of the study is the composition and structure of the population of the specified district. Census materials provide a representation of the composition of the population, characteristics of the population by age and gender, urbanization processes, and contain data on literacy and the main occupations of citizens. The census results showed that the previous period of revolutionary upheavals and the Civil War led to changes in the population size and socio-professional composition of the population of the Tyumen Okrug. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, and comprehensiveness. Both general scientific and traditional historical research methods are used: systematic, historical-comparative, problem-historical. In addition to traditional historical methods, the work used the method of statistical analysis, which makes it possible to assess quantitative indicators to identify the level of urbanization of the population and the dynamics of changes in gender, age, social, and professional composition. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that demographic statistics of individual territories make it possible to study the characteristics in the size and social composition of the population, as well as to study their impact on the nature of socio-economic development of both a separate territory and the region as a whole.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.11.38083

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to study and systematize previously unpublished materials of the newspapers of Western Siberia by A.A. Dunin–Gorkavich concerning the ethnography of the North of the Tobolsk province. The object of the article is the scientific heritage of A.A. Dunin-Gorkavich, dedicated to the composition, settlement, cultural and everyday features, material and spiritual culture of the indigenous population of the Tobolsk North at the beginning of the XX century. The relevance of the work lies in the choice of the source base – materials of the famous scientist and local historian A.A. Dunin-Gorkavich, published in local periodicals of Western Siberia. The basis of the work is the principle of historicism, integrity, objectivity, comprehensiveness.   Both general scientific and traditional methods are used: systemic, historical-comparative, problem-historical, structural-functional. The fundamental work "Tobolsk North" is still one of the valuable sources for studying the life of the peoples of Siberia. Residents of Berezovsky and Surgut counties were at a low stage of cultural and economic development. To solve this problem, drastic changes proposed by A.A. Dunin-Gorkavich were required. For more mass circulation and readership, the scientist published many of his innovative ideas on the pages of the Siberian Leaflet, the Siberian Trade Newspaper and the Tobolsk Provincial Gazette. Publication in newspapers with the help of feedback (criticism, reviews, responses) allowed to build a constructive dialogue with progressive public figures, intellectuals, representatives of the bureaucracy. Such a return contributed to the development of a single set of measures and a partial solution to some of the difficulties of foreigners.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.36914

Abstract: The subject of this research is the supply of bread to Tobolsk Governorate by merchants during the period of bad crops at the turn of 1860s–1870s. The article is based on the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, and comprehensiveness; general scientific and traditional methods, such as systemic, historical-comparative, problem-historical. The scientific novelty lies in introduction of the new unpublished archival documents reflecting the role of merchantry in supplying bread to the region during bad crops. The source base is comprised of archival documents of the State Budget Archive of the Tyumen Region in Tobolsk. The statistical and clerical sources, as well as periodicals are also used in the article. The author is first to thoroughly examine the role of the merchant V. D. Zharnikov, who offered the provincial authorities to sell bread to the population at a lower price. Namely his initiative allowed the poor population to purchase bread at affordable prices during the period of bad crops, which mostly affected the residents of northern Tobolsk Governorate. Timely delivery of flour by inland transport to the north of the region has played a significant role. This prevented the rise in bread prices and its shortage. The initiative Vasily Dmitrievich Zharnikov to purchase, deliver and sell bread to northern Tobolsk Governorate at affordable made a crucial difference for the region.