DOI: 10.25136/2409-8647.2020.2.32732

Abstract: This article is dedicated to analysis of the process of economic growth and development in African countries southward Sahara – the least industrializes region of the world. The main prerequisites for industrialization and economic growth in of African countries southward Sahara are the high urbanization ratios: the growing number of workforce, their qualification level, high portion of youth within the population structure, expanding domestic market, growing middle class, de-escalation of internal political confrontations and attenuation of cross-country armed conflicts, advancement of digital technologies. The information and empirical basis is comprised of the data of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the World Bank. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the points of growth in Africa southwards Sahara by means of application of the methods of statistical data analysis. The authors analyze the indicators of economic growth and industrialization of African countries southward Sahara, substantiate the increasing role of this region for the global economy. The article reveals spatial aspects of industrialization of African countries and allocation of the industrial production. The authorities of African countries must manage the industrialization processes, namely focus on the development of infrastructure, improvement of investment climate, transparency of legislation, reduction of administrative expenses for businesses, reduction of corruption, and prevention of armed conflicts. The regional integration would contribute to solution of the aforementioned issues. The key vectors in cooperation of African countries southward Sahara and Russia are the areas of oil extraction, energy sphere, information and communication technologies, and agriculture.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0765.2016.3.20412

Abstract: The object of the research is the foreign models of innovation vouchers. The subject of the research is the following parameters of the foreign models of innovation vouchers: the voucher value; criterias to be satisfied by a receiving company and service providers; co-funding requirements; kinds of services covered by the innovation voucher; the procedure for selecting a winning company,e tc. The authors of the article view such aspects of the topic as the pluses and minuses, risk factors, efficiency of innovation vouchers, and 'delicate adjustment' factors for this tool of innovation policy. They also describe the models of innovation vouchers used in the Netherlands, Ireland, Great Britain, Denmark, Bulgaria, and CIS countries. Based on the systems approach to the object of the resaerch, the authors have also applied historical, logical, monographic methods and comparative and structural analysis. The author conclude that the popularity of innovation vouchers can be explained by their simplicity and efficiency. However, considering that the long-term efficiency of innovation vouchers have not been proved yet, the model of innovation vouchers should be combined with other tools. Implementation of innovation vouchers in CIS countries is complicated due to the underdeveloped market mechanisms and high corruption level, thus it requires additional risk coverage. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.6.17933

Abstract: The article focuses on the processes of globalization and the forming contemporary system of global neo-colonialism. The research subject is the range of economic relations, trends, and the mechanism of redistribution of elements of the national wealth between the countries of the world economic vanguard and periphery. The author considers the methods of redistribution of elements of the national wealth from the neo-colonies to the metropolitan countries. Special attention is paid to the position of Russia in the system of global neo-colonialism. The author offers the ways to save Russia from neo-colonial dependence, suggesting the measures for preventing the national political elite from falling under the influence of the foreign subjects, the main instruments of preservation of the national wealth, and the measures of modernization of the economy. The author applies the theoretical concept of the world-system theory. The author applies the cognitive capacities of the dialectical method within the reproductive, evolutional, and systems approaches to the study of the processes of globalization. To substantiate theoretical provisions and argue the conclusions, the author applies the methods of the subject-object, comparative, and level analysis. The author concludes that in the process of globalization, the system of global neo-colonialism has formed, which involves the countries of the centre and the periphery. The author reveals and describes the modern methods of redistribution of elements of the national wealth between the countries, and offers the ways of getting rid of neo-colonial dependence. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7543.2015.6.18007

Abstract: Human capital assets accumulation is one of the “engines” of economic growth and the key factor of economic and social wellbeing of contemporary societies. The research subject unites the processes and conditions of human capital assets reproduction. The research object is the condition of “human forming” sectors of the economy in Russian regions, particularly, in Volgograd region. The authors analyze the processes of human capital accumulation in Volgograd region in comparison with the Russian Federation and the Southern Federal District, and offer the methods of its accretion. Special attention is paid to the recent changes in Russian legislation determining the reduction of social expenditures both on the federal and on the regional levels. The authors apply general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, the dialectical method, system analysis, and comparative analysis. For human capital assets accretion calculation in the regions of the Southern Federal District the authors use the method of national wealth accretion calculation model introduced by M.V. Ledenyova, and statistical and mathematical methods. The authors come to the conclusion that human capital assets reproduction in the region and in the country is the result of a complex interaction between the state, the population, and the business structures, and the most important investment sources are the federal spendings on the educational system, public health service, and social protection, and the citizens’ personal incomes, primarily, the salaries. For human capital accumulation it is necessary to form the investment basis for human capital reproduction and development, and to intensify the state participation in organizing the process of its accumulation via strengthening and development of state structures in these spheres. The human capital accretion in the regions of the Southern Federal District in 2010 – 2014 is calculated according to the formula of human capital relative gain of M.V. Ledenyova. The analysis defines the tendencies of human capital gain in Volgograd region.