DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2019.2.28867

Abstract: Because of different standards of the source and target languages, literal translation is often impossible. When facing difficulty, a translator uses translation transformations. The subject of the research is translation transformations that are used to translate headlines on Deutschland.de. The author examines peculiar functions of such translation transformations as substitution, supplementation, transposition, omission and their combination as well as discovers the frequency of particular kinds of tranformations used in the German-Russian translation. To select the research material, the author has used the random sampling technique. The main research methods included description, comparision of the source text and translation, and statistic-linguistic analysis. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the researcher analyzes transformations based on the comparison of headlines in the source and target languages, in particular, articles posted on Deutschland.de. The results of analyzing the research material demonstrate that the most commonly used translation transformations are substitutions, mostly grammatical substitutions. Supplementations, transpositions, omissions and complex transformations are used less frequently.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2019.1.28688

Abstract: The existence of these or those ergonyms in the language space of the city is determined by extralinguistic factors. The object of the research is the foreign ergonyms, in particular, names of cafes and restaurants in the language space of an Austrian city Vienna and German city Berlin. The author of the article examines peculiar functions of foreign ergonyms, analyzes and classifies them depending on their source language, number of elements comprising ergonyms, and defines particular word-formation types of foreign ergonyms. To select the research material, the author has applied the random sampling method. The main research method used by the author is the method of scientific description that implies such techniques as direct observation, systematization, classification and interpretation. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the nature of functions of foreign ergonyms in the language space of Vienna and Berlin depends on the structure and means of ergonym nomination. The research results demonstrate that the most commonly used foreign ergonyms are usually of English origin. These are multi-component non-transliterated names created using morphological and syntactical word-formation.