National Security - rubric Administration and maintenance of security systems

Abstract: As the author of this article points out, the electric power industry is one of the state-forming structures, which provide the necessary conditions for the functioning of industry as a whole and living of the people, so in the end, it ensures the security of the state. This article is devoted to the analysis of the existing problems in this sphere and the ways to solve them. Keywords: electric power industry, security, energetic security, state, regulation, ensuring security, industry, guarantees

Abstract: This article by T.V. Zlotnikova includes analysis of two decades of work of the nature protection bodies in the USSR and in the Russian Federation at the time, when all the spheres of life, be it politics, economics, law-enforcement, or society as a while, are ecologically tuned. This article includes critical analysis of the provisions of legislation, of the potential of the judicial practice, namely the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Keywords: nature protection, ecology, legislation, judicial practice, ecology of politics, ecology of economics, the Ecological Doctrine, the Constitution, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation Contact the author: Phone: (495)42-42-602

Abstract: The publication includes the analysis of experience of methodology of modeling of programs and technical mechanisms for guaranteeing information security of automatic systems of various classes and for various purposes. The author provides methods of analysis and synthesis of mechanisms of protection of data from unsanctioned access. The author also reviews formalized methods and models for heightening authenticity of data. The author also provides methodology for ensuring physical security of data and accessibility of information resources. Keywords: economics, security, information security, automatic systems, distributed systems, data protection, protection of data, authenticity of information, reserving data, restoring data, accessibility of resources

Abstract: As the author of this article points out, the current mechanism of changes into the list of constituent subjects of the Russian Federation is quite efficient, it presupposes acceptance of new subjects, or formation of new subjects by uniting two or more border subjects. Further development of this mechanism with the more and more conceptual definition of its directions and priorities in the sphere of changes in the list of subjects of the Russian Federation is capable of ensuring efficient territorial development. Keywords: federalism, subjects, Russian Federation, unity, new constituent subjects, territoriality, development

Abstract: The article summarizes the studies of methodology of projecting software mechanisms of insuring information security of automatic systems of various types and purposes. The author described the analysis and synthesis methods to protect data from unwanted access, viewed formalized methods and models of raising information fidelity when processing data and suggested his methodology of solving questions of insuring physical data safety and availability of information resources.

Keywords: economics, security, information security, automatic system, distributed system, data protection, information fidelity, data backup, data retrieval, resource availability

Abstract: The article views the essence and definition of ‘ideological process’ of a Russian constitutionalism. The author of the article gave the definition and described the dominants of the ideological process for insuring security of a federal status under present-day conditions.

Keywords: studies of law, ideological, process, constitutionalism, federal status, federal power, constituent, system, security

Abstract: The article considers the theoretical grounds for the political regime as a mechanism of functioning of governmental authorities. The author analyzed the term ‘mechanism of functioning of the political regime’ and described the general grounds for such a functioning as well as defined the key indices of the political regime

Keywords: social studies, politics, political, regime, mechanism, functioning, system, governmental, authorities, indices

Abstract: In the 90th Russia had the reform of public health service which eventually created the combined ‘social and market’ model. In such a way the government tried to manage public health system y the means of market instruments and to keep the social orientation of the health system. According to the authors, this model is quite ineffective and thus, it is the main reason why all efforts of the Russian government to raise financing of public health service are accompanied with the decline of accessibility and quality of the medical service which is a threat for national security of the country

Keywords: social studies, public health service, financing, guarantees, effectiveness, medicine, quality, patient, model, insurance

Abstract: After the Federal Law “On Polite” is passed, there would bee need to reform legal and organizational bases of the specialized units of the MIA of Russia. It seems, that experience of organization of special operations by the specialized units of Italy (NOCS and GIS), India (NGS), SAR (SAPSTF) may be of use.

Keywords: jurisprudence, special operation, organization, management, MIA, interaction, legislation, terrorism, foreign, experience

Abstract: The article is devoted to the political processes regarding the European integration, formation of various institutions of civil society as one of the efficient factors of influence on national security of the state.

Keywords: jurisprudence, state, security, Ukraine, power, transformation, system, transition, subjects, elites

Abstract: The article is devoted tothe improvement of the supporting system for hte decision-decision making in the conditions of the complicated character and growing scale of global threats and challenges for security. The author analyzes existing systems and offers a new approach (technology) of use of accumulated and currently growing amount of information in order to improve the quality of decision-making. The article provides for the applied character of the method based on various instrumental means and higher level of analytical work based on higher level of intellectual application of results of use of incoming information, its visualization.

Keywords: security, integrated analytical platform, decision-making method, business analysis, competitive intelligence

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.2.35323

Abstract: The subject of this research is the modern system of social governance, which has been transformed in the conditions of digital environment. Particular attention is given to the definition of electronic-digital civilization and its criteria. The concept of “electronic-digital civilization”, with emphasis on the transitional state of society, was introduced into the scientific discourse by the Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences G. V. Osipov. The goal of this article is to determine the criteria of this concept. Description is given the innovative methods and techniques of social governance, namely those that depend on digitalization of the economy. The events of 2020-2021, related to the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrated the increase of digitalization of human life and nonlinearity of social development. The shift of industrial era towards modern electronic-digital era entails qualitative transformations in the lifestyle of the entire humanity, which certainly requires the implementation of innovative methods in social governance. The author outlines the basic criteria of electronic-digital stage in the development of humanity. The analysis of scientific literature indicates a wide range of scientific research in the sphere of humanities are dedicated to examination of the effects of digitalization in the economy. However, the emerging social issues in the conditions of digital environment require expert evaluation of sociologists, psychologists, political scientists, and legal experts. The article determines the modern forms and methods of social governance, which are currently implemented by the industrially developed countries. The fundamental factor of transformation of the style of governance became the process of all-round “digitalization of the economy”. The statistical data on the “effects of digitalization” is provided. The author explores such modern trends in governance, such as “E–government”, transitioning to “Digital government”, “Soft–power” technologies, “Agile methodology”, transition to 5G, etc.

Keywords: electronic–digital civilization, E-government, digital economy, digitalization, transformation, management trends, digital development, social management, innovation, Social reality

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.3.8318

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.1.17921

Abstract: The subject of this article is the positions of the international legal acts dedicated to the fight against the acts of unlawful interference into the work of civil aviation. The object is the two groups of public relations: those that characterize actions threatening the freedom of air navigation; and those that characterize the preventions of such infringements. The author thoroughly examines the entire existing list of acts of unlawful interference into the work of civil aviation, determines which acts currently are most common. Special attention is given to the countermeasures against the reviewed acts, as well as which place within the system of measures belong to the international agreements and conventions. The analyzed in the course of this research list of acts of the unlawful interference into the work of civil aviation was enacted by the International Organization of Civil Aviation; however, the author notes that there is no precise and full gradation of such acts by types. Due to this fact, besides the existing international classification of the acts, and taking into account the latest accidents in the area of civil aviation, the author also detects other acts of the unlawful interference and the countermeasures against them.

Keywords: unlawful interference, aircraft, Convention, seizure, civil Aviation, air terrorism, the international cooperation, security, opposition, action system

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.1.67527

Keywords: unlawful interference, aircraft, Convention, seizure, civil Aviation, air terrorism, the international cooperation, security, opposition, action system

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.12256

Abstract: One of the basic indexes of the quality of tourism product of recreational region is its security. The security index of the regional tourism product must become the foundation of its establishment, provision and consumption. The regional tourism product must be safe for tourists – the guests and investors of recreational region. The tourism system, forming a tourism product and interacting with the recreational territory as an independent system, can make a positive or negative impact. The security aspect of tourism development in the region is also relevant with regards to the local population of recreational territory, with their peculiar lifestyle, religious and cultural values that may be violated by certain negative factors produced by tourism. The aspects of safe provision of tourism product must encompass the questions of ecology, environmental protection of the recreational region, preservation of religious, cultural and material values of the region, as well as the state interests within the recreational territory. Statistical data on the amount of Russian tourists died in the Russian Federation or abroad, multiple cases of injuries in tourism support the fact that the questions of safe formation, provision and consumption of tourism product as the key element of quality of tourism services it contains should be addressed using systemic approach. The author proposes the concept of structuring the quality (safe) tourism product, using the systemic approach within the framework of tourism management at the municipal level (on the example of resort city Sochi), which contains five stages: development of terminological base of the problem of formation of the concept of quality (safe) tourism product; identification of goals in tourism and formation of quality (safe) tourism product; creation of the ideal model of quality (safe) tourism product of resort city Sochi; structuring of strategy of creating quality (safe) tourism product of resort city Sochi; development of the concept of formation of quality (safe) tourism product within the framework of management system at the municipal level. The article also provides working definitions to the concepts “regional tourism product” and national tourism product”.

Keywords: Terminological apparatus, Strategy of creating tourism product, Ideal model of tourism product, Objective of the concept, Socio-ethical marketing, Terminological committee, Concept of structuring tourism product, Quality (safe) tourism product, National tourism product, Regional tourism product

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.3.5276

Abstract: Cloud calculations are one of the most attractive modern information technologies, which offer numerous advantages, including good scaling and accessibility upon request. Appearance of cloud calculations is a prerequisite for the development of systems and networks of federal agencies and other state bodies. At the same time many functions, which make cloud calculations so attractive may contradict the traditional models of information security. Much attention is paid to the open issues of international security and options for their solutions while forming a complex system of information protection on the cloud architecture.

Keywords: military, information, security, threat, cloud, service, management, requirement, risk, counter-measure.

Abstract: The task of creating trust environment for citizens’ interaction with departmental applications, their active participation in various information communities is a priority for the infrastructure of e-government. Identifi cation system and the system of electronic services should be a mechanism to protect the entire set of personal data, so none of the participants was not authorized the potential to get a complete picture of all operations of the individual user.

Keywords: management, identifi cation, state security, data, life, system, mechanism, the user.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.6.24936

Abstract: The object of this research is the fish farming of the Russian Federation as a basic source of resource provision of its food market. The subject is the combination of socioeconomic relations of the actors of fish farming activity and society in the area of ensuring food security. The authors meticulously examine the impact of the Russian fish farming upon the national food security within the framework of system, multicomponent approach leaning on the fish farming inventory indexes (production volume, bioresource potential, anthropogenic threats), availability of fish products and its consumption (quality and safety). The information base of this research contains the official conceptual documents and normative legal acts of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Agency for Fishery, expert evaluations and calculations of the Russian and foreign scholars published in the scientific literature. The article demonstrates the high level self-sufficiency of the country with regards to fish products and independence of the food supply from imports. The treats to food security are hidden in the three aspects: quantitative (export orientation of the Russian fish product manufacturers; decline in production volume of some types of fish products; low fish farming harvest); socioeconomic (deterioration of the conditions of economic affordability of food due to the price increase and drop in people’s income with simultaneous formation of the new consumer habits in our society); and quality-certification (infiltration of market by products of questionable quality and authenticity). The author suggests the measures on ensuring food security of the Russian Federation pertinent to fish and seafood products.

Keywords: resources, consumption, threats to food security, affordability of fish products, fish value, fish farming, Food security, Russian, consumer habits, safety standards

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36754

Abstract: The subject of this research is the situation centers of the Russian Federation. The object of this research is the use of situation centers for improving the quality and effectiveness of managerial decision-making. The article employs the methods of economic analysis, forecasting, modeling, and systemic approach. The author examines the questions of creation and functionality of situation centers in the Russian Federation. It is noted that the Russian Federation has accumulated vast experience in establishment and activity of the situation centers. The research demonstrates that the situation centers allow increasing the competence, efficiency, and reliability of managerial decision-making, as well as ensure construction of a single dynamic vertical structure of decision-making. The novelty of this work lies in outlining the issues in the activity of situational centers at the current stage, the ways for their solution, and recommendation for the development of sitututations centers. The author also describes the feasibility of using situation centers in the conditions of pandemic for countering COVID-19. The conclusion is made that the system of situation centers is one of the crucial mechanisms for improving the effectiveness of public administration in achieving sustainable socioeconomic development and strengthening national security of the Russian Federation. The use of situation centers allows increasing the competence, efficiency, and reliability of managerial decision-making in vital spheres, healthcare in the time of pandemic. The research conducted in recent years prove the need for the transformation of traditional situation centers into the situation development centers.

Keywords: monitoring, efficiency of public administration, management decision, situational development center, Situational center, National security, econometric models, artificial intelligence, neural networks, pandemic

Abstract: In the conditions of the federal model of the territorial and state structure the possibility for complex and systematized regional policy is predefined by the stability and balance in the relations between the federal center and the constituent subjects of the federation. At the same time domination of the centralization or decentralization processes makes the choice of strategy for the regional development quite topical, be it a compensatory strategy in a centralized federal model, or the stimulating (generally systemic) model in the conditions of decentralization and considerable financial and political autonomy of the regions. The theoretical analysis of the key concepts of federalism allows to single out two key approaches: network approach and centralizing approach, which is also based on the certain level of decentralization within the framework of federal systems. The centralizing approach seems reasonable in its application to the Russian reality, since it centers on the priority of federal center in the regional policy.

Keywords: political science, federalism, federal relations, federal center, regional politics, administrative and territorial division, centralism, political system, the Russian Federation.

Abstract: Cloud computing becomes one of the most popular IT technologies for the applications, due to their key specifi c features: fl exibility of solutions, accessibility upon request and good correlation of price and quality. Migration to the cloud architecture allows the organizations to lower the costs on introduction and support of the infrastructure, and it shortens the term of development of new business application. At the same time the most topical issue regarding migration of the data to this cloud is the issue of information security. There are many factors, which infl uence the complex security of the cloud structure, since its multi-rent structure causes new more complicated problems and vulnerabilities. The article includes analysis of the existing models of provision of cloud services (saas, paas, iaas), the authors view the key levels of cloud formation, a number of considerable bonuses and modern solutions, which the organizations can apply, while using cloud technologies. Much attention is paid to the issues of information security and possible solutions while forming a complex system of information protection in cloud architecture.

Keywords: military, information, security, threats, risks, cloud, services, management, counter-measures, assets.

Abstract: Topical issues of understanding and legal regulation of safety in sphere of trading navigation are considered and ways of their elimination are offered in this article.

Keywords: safety of trading navigation, navigating safety, transport (sea) safety, ecological safety, economic safety.

Abstract: The article includes a complex approach of the determining factors in the foreign political decisions on the level-based approach. The determining factors are situated at the three interrelated levels: global, state, and internal. They include the study of the force factors, their correlations, international institutions, the mutual acceptance of each other by the states and by the international system, autonomy of states, mobilization, greater strategy, social and psychological characteristics of leaders and their ideologies.

Keywords: political science, national security, foreign political decision, determining factor, international relations, global processes, state, level-based analysis, politics, society.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the political processes of the European integration, formation of various institutions of civil society as one of the effi cient factors, which infl uence the national security of the state. The author pays attention to the political processes of the European integration, formation of various institutions of civil society as one of the effi cient factors, which infl uence the national security of the state.

Keywords: jurisprudence, state, security, Ukraine, power, transformation, system, change, subjects, elites.

Abstract: The article includes analysis of the key directions of foreign political strategy of the USA in the confl icts with the Afghanistan and in Iraq in 2000s. The author views key international and inner factors for the development and implementation of the foreign political course of the US government. Within the framework of inner political struggle in the USA on the issues of confl ict strategy, the author reviews the key consequences of the American policy in the region (positive and negative).

Keywords: political science, the USA, Iraq, Afghanistan, democratization, confl ict, strategy, politics, analysis, international.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.5.68806

Abstract: The article deals with the study of methodological problems of increasing the efficiency of planning and management of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation in context of uncertainty and risk. The results of the analysis of the main features of national security as a subject area and a complex object of public administration management are presented. The main features of management processes to ensure Russia's national security within the framework of closely interconnected external and internal contours of the subject area under consideration are highlighted. The analysis of the problems and tasks of planning as the central function of the national security management process, which determines the ways to achieve the goals set in the conditions of continuous changes in the external and internal environments, as well as the threats and challenges associated with them, is carried out. To improve the efficiency of managing processes to ensure national security, it is proposed to use a scenario approach, which provides the possibility to develop a complex of planning and management decisions taking into account the alternatives for the future events at the management object and in the external environment under uncertainty and risk. The basic strategies for using scenarios in the processes of long-term and medium-term planning are highlighted and the results of evaluating the effectiveness of various approaches to converting scenarios into concrete plans are presented. The results of the analysis showed that the use of the developed automation technology for scenario-forecast research based on the signed oriented graphs mathematical model as a means of information support for the decision-making processes significantly expands the possibilities of using the scenarios as the planning processes basis in order to increase the validity, efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability of the developed plans and programs.

Keywords: information support, decision effectiveness evaluation, simulation modeling, scenario analysis, risk, threat, uncertainty, management, planning, national security

Abstract: Modeling of threats and vulnerabilities of information security is widely applied in foreign and Russian practices. The key shortcoming of the methods, which are used, includes lack of formalized description of conceptual solutions when forming projects of information systems. Due to this fact the author offers to view a specifi c type of description as a formalized model. This is an important stage for the formation of links between the business requirements and the abilities of information technologies. The author offers to improve the existing solutions with an architecture, comprising three key elements: modeling, architectural component and risk-analysis module.

Keywords: military, information, threat, risks, management, business assets, business model, infrastructure, countermeasures.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.39079

Abstract: The object of the study is the relations arising during the functioning of the national legal mechanism for ensuring cybersecurity. The subject of the study is presented by regulatory legal acts and sources of "soft law" of Thailand, which establish requirements for information systems of the financial and banking sector. Using the example of the second economy in Southeast Asia - Thailand, the role of the financial regulator of the state – the Bank of Thailand (Bank of Thailand, BOT) in ensuring cybersecurity of the financial and banking sectors is described. The features of the legal status of the Bank of Thailand, determining the coordinating role in the institutional mechanism for ensuring cybersecurity, are highlighted. The key documents of the financial regulator that form the regulatory mechanism for ensuring cybersecurity in Thailand are examined. The powers of the financial regulator of Thailand are distributed among three bodies. The Bank of Thailand controls commercial banks, financial companies, credit institutions, asset management companies, electronic payment services and credit card companies. The Securities and Exchange Commission oversees securities transactions, while the Insurance Commission oversees the activities of insurance companies. Ensuring information security is entrusted to the Bank of Thailand, which is authorized to create a risk management system for financial institutions in order to ensure their stability. To this end, it adopts regulations that establish security standards for three types of information systems: general, serving electronic payments and serving electronic payment cards. Noteworthy is the requirement for information system operators, when concluding a service agreement, to determine the rights of internal and external auditors, as well as an official of the Bank of Thailand to verify transactions and control the service provider. The financial regulator determines the status of service providers of particularly important payment systems, charging them with the obligation to develop security measures for information systems, depending on the types and complexity of their own services.

Keywords: information system, fintech, information system operator, Thailand, critical information infrastructure, digital infrastructure, financial regulator, information security, financial and banking sector, digital technologies

Abstract: The article is devoted to the principles of management of the systems of detection of network attacks based on multi-agent technology. Presence of an agent on each network node and their interaction allows to address the threats faster. The author views the issues of singling out a managing center, the principle of fail-safety as well as possible use of intellectual systems.

Keywords: military, security, information, attack, network, counteraction, fi nding, management, fail-safety, intellectualization.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.38892

Abstract: The escalation of the military conflict in Ukraine threatens with a shortage of resources for the military medical service. The solution may be the integration of civil and military medicine - it is provided for by the military medical doctrine of NATO, but does not have a systematic implementation in the Russian Federation, which even in peacetime limits the availability of medical care to military personnel, and in the event of an escalation of the conflict in Ukraine threatens to overload the military medical service . Attempts to integrate civilian and military medical infrastructure were unsuccessful due to the lack of a systematic approach to their interaction and the inability of the departments concerned to reach an agreement on the mechanisms and sources of funding.The authors propose to return to the principles of organizational integration between military and civilian medicine, which were first proposed in the ХIX century by N.I. Pirogov, successfully used by the health care of the USSR during the civil and second world wars and forgotten after the collapse of the Soviet Union. For financial and economic integration, it is proposed to include military personnel in the CHI system for medical care that military medical institutions cannot provide due to their overload, remoteness or lack of necessary specialists.It is proposed to solve the problem of paying compulsory medical insurance contributions for military personnel by replacing the compulsory medical insurance contributions paid by employers (for employees) and the subjects of the Federation (for the non-working population) with a universal compulsory medical insurance contribution automatically withheld at the same rate for all legal entities and individuals from all non-cash transactions - thereby financing additional medical guarantees for military personnel, leveling the “free rider effect” in the CHI system.

Keywords: Automated Payment Transaction, transaction tax, free rider problem, financial stability, FCHIF, centralized financing, insurance premiums, CHI income, effective medical help, special military operation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.14211

Abstract: The study of this paper is devoted to information security of modern systems of Internet banking. The author examines the efficiency and quality of management decision-making for the protection of confidential information in the course of implementation of malicious attacks. Particular attention is paid to mathematical modeling. The proposed model will minimize the number of cybercriminals, optimize and improve the comprehensive system of information security organizations of economic and social development, improve the efficiency of secure information systems Internet banking, choose the right strategy for the development of Internet banking services. The study used methods of system analysis, mathematical modeling, analytic hierarchy process, optimization theory, probability and mathematical statistics. A generalized block diagram of an information system of Internet banking, systemic model of information system Internet banking, which will assess the level of security of the system, determined by solving the problem of decision support in poorly structured domain, characterized by heterogeneous characteristics. Proposed a set-theoretic model of decision support in Information Security Management Information Systems Internet banking, allowing accumulate analytical information about ongoing threats cybercriminals provide automated support for decisions on matters of neutralization cybercriminals, measures to ensure the protection of confidential information, facilitate the development of operating influences. Formalization of the model is represented by cybercriminals, characterized by personal parameters offender and scenarios for the theft of confidential information in the information system of Internet banking.

Keywords: optimization, modeling, decision support, cybercriminals, Internet banking, information system, information security, threats and attacks, efficiency, control actions

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.67743

Keywords: optimization, modeling, decision support, cybercriminals, Internet banking, information system, information security, threats and attacks, efficiency, control actions

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.2.10856

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.2.64061

Abstract: The article concerns analysis of the situation in the sphere of road traffic security in Russia and in Sverdlovsky region of Russia in particular. From the standpoint of social integration and social justice the authors search for the mechanisms for the security road traffic in the region. The authors provide evidence for foreign and Russian theoretical studies and social practices. The object of studies was public opinion of the people in Russia and in the Sverdlovsky region on the issues such as road traffic security, efficiency of the problem solutions in the sphere of road traffic security. The authors provide comparative analysis of the sociological studies held by the authors in 2012–2013 and the official statistical data and the all-Russian studies held by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center in March of 2013. As a solution for the problem in question the authors refer to the partnership of the state, business, civil society, including public-private partnership for the introduction of the system of photo- and video- recording of the violations of the road traffic rules in automatic regime in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region. The authors substantiate this proposal with the supposed social and economic effect, accenting achievement of the socially valuable goals, such as better road traffic security and preservation of life and health of all of its participants.

Keywords: road traffic security, social and demographic security, public-private partnership, inter-sector partnership, offence recording, transportation risks, social integration, social solidarity, road traffic accident, public opinion.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.3.62811

Abstract: The present article describes the place of the USA intelligence service in the system of federal state authorities of the United States. The article views the differences in the legal status of numerous departments of intelligence service comprising the USA intelligence community. The author also describes the way these agencies are funded, managed and recruited. Special attention is paid at the comparison of the actual and legal statuses of intelligence services as parts of the intelligence community of the USA represented by one of the federal ministries, and intelligence agencies as autonomous elements of the American state (such as CIA or the Service of the Director of National Intelligence). In addition, the author of the article proves the supposition that despite obvious centralizing processes over the past decades, the USA intelligence community itself cannot be viewed as being independent from the federal executive branch of the USA government.

Keywords: intelligence community, intelligence agency, intelligence program, national intelligence service, DIA (Defense Intelligence Agency), state authority, federal agency, CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation), National Security Agency.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.3.62812

Abstract: The article describes the factors that allowed the Soviet Union to ensure food security prior to and during the Great Patriotic War. It is shown that agricultural economics created in the 1930’s in the USSR had a significant mobilization resource which, in its turn, enabled to organize its successful functioning under the conditions of blitzkrieg and total war. The author also underlines the role of prewar patriotic and udarnik movements. The article also tells us about the contribution of famous USSR agricultural scientists to food supply of population and to vegetable and plant supply of production sector during the war.

Keywords: economics, agriculture, USSR history, Great Patriotic War, agricultural engineering, selection, collectivization, industrialization, seed production, food security.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.16120

Abstract: The subject of this research is the organizational and economic aspects of radiation safety projects in Russia and the creation of the effective mechanisms of system operation that ensure radiation safety for the environment and society. The goal of this work is to develop conceptual organizational and economic foundations for the integral national system of ensuring human safety from radon, in accordance with which in Russia could be formed a reliable system for protecting individuals, society, and nation from such type of radiation hazards and threats. The scientific novelty lies in devising interrelated measures that carry systemic character, aimed at neutralization of radon risk. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the natural sources in the structure of public exposure account for approximately 70% of the radiation level, and a substantial part of this dose (60%) originates from radon exposure. The author notes that the territories of Chita and Rostov regions, Altai and Stavropol Krai, Ural, and a number of other regions have elevated radon levels. Therefore, we can observe that in the current complicated environmental situation, the unit weight of radon component has considerably increased.

Keywords: individual in a security system, enviromental safety of Russia, influence of negative factors, radiation sequrity, natural irradiation sources, radon, security systems, control and monitoring, national security, emergency

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.66975