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Abstract: The article is devoted to despotism as a social phenomenon. The author stresses out the difference between despotism and dictatorship.

Keywords: The article is devoted to despotism as a social phenomenon. The author stresses out the difference b

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Abstract: Method of modeling is not studied enough and rarely used in modern ontology and cultural gnoseology. A rare example of this method is M. Kagan’s conception describing the place of culture in the system of human existence. Some of Kagan’s ideas can be developed and compelted which would allow to make changes in the process of formation of objective knowledge in culture. This is the goal of the research of the structure of ontological system that includes existence of objectivized and individual ideal approaches (elements not mentioned by Kagan). The author of the article shows that this is the part of existence (human being) where meaning, ideals and life goals of human and society are being produced. The research also shows a dialectic connection between structure of existence (which levels and forms are conditioned by the formation of culture) and the role of culture causing the variety of these elements and creating a representation of such existence elements as the human, social and ideal.

Keywords: philosophy, culture, being, modeling, human, society nature, system, ideal, social, material.

Abstract: Existential ontology and ontognoseology counters are defined based on science and philosophy. Experience and witnessing are shown as the basic epochs of existentionally founded process of cogitation. The author of the article also describes certain anthropological consequences of existentional witnessing of human.

Keywords: philosophy, ontology, ontognoseology, existentionalism, science, human, experience, touch, emotion, witnessing.

Abstract: The article proves the thesis about structural impossibility of ontological non-freedom and unconditional compatibility of freedom and determinism. Moreover, it is the mechanistic determinism and non-illusion freedom that are compatible as the author says. It is concluded that compatibilism and incompatiblism are old-fashioned methods of the problem solution unlike the hypothesis about calorie as the explanation of the warmth phenomenon.

Keywords: philosophy, freedom, free will, freedom of choice, determinism, agnosticism, compatibilism, casuality, Dennet.

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Abstract: Technological revolution that uses nano-technologies (human initiated molecular, atomic and biological processes) leads to anthropological transformation of deep structures of the material foundation of universal existence. It also gives each human a power to interfere with fundamental living conditions of biosphere and to influence the evolution of the entire socio-natural universe. However, there are a lot of people who use technological revolution achievements in an infantile way and as the mean of production but not living. It can destroy humankind. Human will survive only if he changes his social activities, becomes mature and create a mature society.

Keywords: philosophy, evolution, society, culture, human, crisis, being, existence, technological revolution.

Abstract: Mass media makes tragedies, crime and violence everyday reality in Slovakia and audience is taught to get used to these phenomena. As a result, TV broadcasting creates a so called virtual moral that can actually distort perception of the reality. At the present time, when TV companies can ‘survive’ only if they have a high rating and show lots of adverting, mass media seems to do all that is not directly forbidden by the law. Virtual morals as they are shown by the most famous Slovakian mass media are a reduced, simplified and considerably distorted reflection of the reality.

Keywords: philosophy, journalist’s ethics, morals, society, mass media, manipulation of public opinion, information commercialization.

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Abstract: The article views the phenomenon of socio-cultural identity from the point of view of social studies and philosophy. The author also considers mechanisms of identity formation both of humans and social groups as well as the nation in general. The author describes ways and methods of self identification in the globalizing world. Based on the author, self-identification must be positive and correspond to the inner cultural requirements of the society as well as external social and cultural challenges. The study shows that in the modern world of high technologies and drastic transformation of political and spiritual values one can form a stable socio-cultural identity if he addresses to our past history.

Keywords: philosophy, identity, past, fragmentation, personality, subject, history, consciousness, communication, post-modernity.

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Abstract: The article describes the author’s approach to the analysis of cultural processes. The author gives definition of dissipative processes in culture and defines unbalanced dynamic systems as creating such dissipative processes. Illusory perception is the result of mixed subjective levels of human existence in our consciousness. The article also contains classification of dissipative processes in culture.

Keywords: philosophy, art, culture, system, subject, consciousness, illusion, symbols, signs, reflection.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to interpretation of Judas Iscariot’s image studied by philosophers and theologists of the 20th century as well as interpretation of those concepts from the point of view of art anthropology. The author analyzes the topic of Judas betrayal and makes a conclusion that this topic is some kind of a dominant idea in culture and psychology. As for the fact that there are many different interpretations of Judas image in the 20th c entury, the author e xplains it w ith an active appeal to hermeneutics methods of interpretation of Holy scripts as well as denial from traditional Christian values. In conclusion, the author says that Judas is interesting for art anthropology not only as a ‘man who betrayed’, but also as a ‘man who denied spiritual for the sake of material’, unforgiven man and, finally, a man who perishes.

Keywords: philosophy, Jesus, Judas, anthropology, art, law, court, betrayal, image, interpretation.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to one of the most discussed and contradictory image of the Altai ancient culture — griffon which was a frequently used symbol in all Scythian myths. At the end of his study the author concludes that the image of griffon is not only an attribute of Universal mythologies but it also plays the role of a cultural constant which marks the borderline states and moments of ‘transfer’ both in the social and sacral meaning of it.

Keywords: cultural studies, mythology, cosmogony, semantics, solar, chtnonic, cult, symbol, griffon, Scythians.

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Abstract: The article talks about the three methods of philosophy: Sophian, Epistemial and technemimic. All these methods were formed in the Ancient Greece and occurred at different stages of philosophy development. The author provides evidence that Russian philosophy is mostly based on the Sophian methods. This thesis is illustrated by the example of the two great philosophers of the 19th century, Dostoevsky and Soloviev. It should be noted that Sophian image of their philosophies had a very different basis. Dostoevsky’s philosophy was based on contradictory and sometimes paradoxical human nature while Soloviev built his conception on the idea of all-encompassing unity.

Keywords: philosophy, sophian, idea, human, technema, definition, essence, existence, image.

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Abstract: This is the interview with a professor Konstantin Dolgov taken on his 80th birthday.

Keywords: philosophy, art, esthetics, jubilee, life style, Konstantin Dolgov. In his interview Konstantin Dolgov talks about his life and growth as a philosoph

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Abstract: The article talks about a symbol as a concept of philosophical anthropology. The author tries to show a double function of a symbol which can act both as an image and a concept. Such interpretation of symbol was supported by the members of the Thesis Board when the author defended his thesis for a Doctor’s degree. At the same time, the thesis arose many discussions and debates. In this article the author is answering questions asked by Valery Alexandrovich Podoroga during defense who noted that symbol was closer to an image than a philosophical concept.

Keywords: philosophy, symbol, concept, philosophical anthropology, image, mystics, analysis.

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Abstract: This is the review of A. Sukhov’s book ‘Russian Philosophy: Features and Representatives’ published in Moscow in 2012.

Keywords: culture, philosophy, world perception, Russian philosophy.