DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.6.40928

Abstract: This article introduces a comparative analysis of existing approaches to determining the liability of artificial intelligence in the context of public medical relations between the United States and Russia. As part of the comparative analysis, the basic problems in the field of transparency in the decision-making of artificial intelligence were identified, theoretical and practical situations for the use of artificial intelligence in the medical field were considered, and possible compensatory legal measures were proposed to ensure the safe integration of artificial intelligence into the healthcare sector in Russia. The subject of the study is the formalization of artificial intelligence actions in legal relations between a doctor and a patient. The object of the study is regulatory documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the use of artificial intelligence for the purposes of medical legal relations in Russia and the United States, judicial practice, academic publications and analytical reports on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. Within the framework of this study, special emphasis is laid on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the phenomenon of the autonomy of artificial intelligence involved in legal relations between a doctor and a patient, followed by the identification of potential scenarios for regulating responsibility for AI actions. The measures proposed as a result of the study can be applied in the legislative activities and their implementation by relevant authorities that are in charge of the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public relations in Russia, including the healthcare sector.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2023.6.40848

Abstract: The article focuses on a comparative analysis of existing approaches regarding the compliance of the artificial intelligence (AI) designed for public purposes in foreign countries and Russia with the current national strategies and regulatory approaches. As part of the study, the research identified the basic problems in the field of transparency in the decision-making of artificial intelligence, specified challenges to implicit regulatory nature for AI in the public sphere arising from the technical design of AI systems designed by developers; suggested theoretical and practical situations of using artificial intelligence that does not comply with the principles of designing AI on the basis of fundamental legal norms; and outlined possible compensatory legal measures that ensure the safe integration of artificial intelligence into the Russian public sphere. The subject of the study covers the issues of the influence of the design of artificial intelligence on its subsequent application in the public sphere. The object of the study focuses on the normative documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the issues of artificial intelligence preoccupation for public legal relations in Russia and foreign countries, judicial practice, academic publications and analytical reports on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. Within the framework of this study, special emphasis is placed on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the problems of designing artificial intelligence and its subsequent application within the public law field in the context of the problems inherent in the basic stage of creation. Subsequently, potential scenarios for regulating responsibility for AI actions are identified. The research has resulted in asset of measures that can be applied in the legislative and law enforcement practice of relevant authorities implementing the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public relations in Russia, as well as in the scientific field in order to determine subsequent vectors for analyzing the minimization of AI bias as a result of incorrect technology design in violation of the basic legal structures.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0595.2023.3.40718

Abstract: Within the framework of this article, a comparative analysis of existing approaches to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of control and supervision of financial market participants in foreign countries and Russia is carried out. As part of the comparative analysis, basic problems were identified in the field of ensuring the accuracy of analytical tools used to detect facts of market manipulation and insider trading, theoretical and practical situations of using artificial intelligence in the supervisory activities of public and private financial institutions were considered, and additional compensatory legal measures were proposed to ensure effective integration of artificial intelligence and the use of AI for the purposes of financial supervision in Russia. The subject of the study is the features of legal relations that develop in the course of AI use in the framework of the supervision of financial activities. The object of the study are regulations, recommendations and other documents regulating the use of artificial intelligence for supervisory activities aimed at preventing manipulation of the financial market and insider trading, judicial practice, academic publications and analytical reports on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. Within the framework of this study, special emphasis is laid on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the areas of AI application in financial supervisory activities, the identification of common problems in the AI application by authorities and the development of common approaches. The measures proposed as a result of the study can be applied in the legislative and legal practice of relevant authorities implementing the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public relations in Russia, including the field of control and supervision activities in the financial market.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0595.2023.2.39934

Abstract: The author explores the phenomenon of the legal personality of AI through the prisms of the constructions of the rights of animals, humans and certain types of persons. Theoretical and practical approaches to highlighting the legal personality of AI through the prism of a legal entity, animal, human are considered. Practical approaches are being studied on the conditions for the allocation of legal personality through the construction of Habeas Corpus, membership of the "board of directors", as well as the authorship of AI. The main legal structures for the implementation of this legal personality, the positions of the relevant authorities, as well as the stability of individual decisions at the level of consideration by the judiciary and compensatory legal measures that ensure the safe integration of AI into the sphere of public legal relations in Russia are determined. The subject of the study is the formalization of the actions of artificial intelligence as a separate subject of law in the private legal and public fields. The object of the study is regulatory documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the issues of distinguishing the legal personality of AI in Russia and foreign countries, academic publications on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. The measures proposed as a result of the study can be applied in the legislative and law enforcement practice of relevant authorities implementing the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public and public relations in Russia.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0595.2023.1.39893

Abstract: Within the framework of this article, a comparative analysis of existing approaches is carried out to determine the basic conditions for ensuring the autonomy of AI in the context of public legal relations of foreign countries and Russia. As part of the comparative analysis, the basic problems in the field of AI decision-making transparency in world practice, practical situations of integrating non-transparent AI into the sphere of public legal relations in foreign countries, as well as possible compensatory legal measures that ensure the safe integration of AI into the sphere of public administration in Russia are being investigated. The subject of the study is the formalization of the actions of artificial intelligence as a representative of a government body. The object of the research is normative documents, recommendations and other documents regulating the implementation of AI autonomy for the purposes of public legal relations in Russia and foreign countries, judicial practice, academic publications on the issues under study. The research methodology integrates a complex of modern philosophical, general scientific, special scientific methods of cognition, including dialectical, systemic, structural-functional, hermeneutical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), etc. Within the framework of this study, special emphasis is placed on the implementation of a comparative legal study of the phenomenon of AI autonomy, which implements public functions based on the experience of various states. The measures proposed as a result of the study can be applied in the legislative and law enforcement practice of the relevant authorities implementing the integration of artificial intelligence into the sphere of public relations in Russia.