DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2023.11.68795

Abstract: This paper analyzes the socio-demographic processes that occurred in Tyumen Okrug in the first decade of Soviet power, recorded by the materials of the All-Union Population Census of 1926. The object of the study was the population of the Tyumen Okrug. The subject of the study is the composition and structure of the population of the specified district. Census materials provide a representation of the composition of the population, characteristics of the population by age and gender, urbanization processes, and contain data on literacy and the main occupations of citizens. The census results showed that the previous period of revolutionary upheavals and the Civil War led to changes in the population size and socio-professional composition of the population of the Tyumen Okrug. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, and comprehensiveness. Both general scientific and traditional historical research methods are used: systematic, historical-comparative, problem-historical. In addition to traditional historical methods, the work used the method of statistical analysis, which makes it possible to assess quantitative indicators to identify the level of urbanization of the population and the dynamics of changes in gender, age, social, and professional composition. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that demographic statistics of individual territories make it possible to study the characteristics in the size and social composition of the population, as well as to study their impact on the nature of socio-economic development of both a separate territory and the region as a whole.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2022.6.37726

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the activities of students of the oldest educational institution in Western Siberia — the Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium during the revolutionary upheavals of 1905-1907. The subject of the study is the activity of students of the Tobolsk men's gymnasium in 1905-1907. The object of the study is the Tobolsk men's gymnasium. The work is based on the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, comprehensiveness. Both general scientific and traditional methods for historical research are used: systematic, historical-comparative, problem-historical.Attention is paid to the analysis of the features of the educational process, reflected in the protocols of pedagogical councils and reports of the director of the gymnasium P. I. Panov. It is noted that despite the control over the behavior of gymnasium students by the director, teachers, classroom teachers and parents, students were gradually drawn into political processes covering the whole country.The authors consider the main requirements put forward by the pupils of the men's gymnasium in the fall of 1905, which were presented to the management of the educational institution in the form of a petition containing 29 points. It should be taken into account that the petition was sent from European Russia to unite the demands of secondary school students to change the educational process. The paper concludes that high school students opposed prohibitions and restrictions, did not have a clear political program and a single plan. Their actions were spontaneous and chaotic. In this article, the authors use a representative source base of unpublished materials from the collections of the State Archives of Tobolsk and Tomsk relating to the history of the Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2021.12.36914

Abstract: The subject of this research is the supply of bread to Tobolsk Governorate by merchants during the period of bad crops at the turn of 1860s–1870s. The article is based on the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, and comprehensiveness; general scientific and traditional methods, such as systemic, historical-comparative, problem-historical. The scientific novelty lies in introduction of the new unpublished archival documents reflecting the role of merchantry in supplying bread to the region during bad crops. The source base is comprised of archival documents of the State Budget Archive of the Tyumen Region in Tobolsk. The statistical and clerical sources, as well as periodicals are also used in the article. The author is first to thoroughly examine the role of the merchant V. D. Zharnikov, who offered the provincial authorities to sell bread to the population at a lower price. Namely his initiative allowed the poor population to purchase bread at affordable prices during the period of bad crops, which mostly affected the residents of northern Tobolsk Governorate. Timely delivery of flour by inland transport to the north of the region has played a significant role. This prevented the rise in bread prices and its shortage. The initiative Vasily Dmitrievich Zharnikov to purchase, deliver and sell bread to northern Tobolsk Governorate at affordable made a crucial difference for the region.