DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2020.10.33977

Abstract: This article reviews the translation of some terms of the Russian religious philosophy of the XXI century into Chinese language. The goal consists in determination of the fundamental principles used by the Chinese translators in compiling the borrowed terminology in the indicated field. The article explores the Chinese analogues of some terms of the Russian religious philosophy. Special attention is turned to the terms of God and soul. Analysis is conducted on the translated texts of the lectures of S. S. Khoruzhiy “Synergistic Anthropology and Russian Philosophy" on the subject of the frequency of using 神 è 上帝as Chinese analogues of the term of God. An important role in the research is played by the interview with the researcher and translator of theRussian religious philosophy Professor Zhang Baichun on translation of the terms of God, soul, etc. into Chinese languahe, as well nuances of application of Chinese analogues of isolated terms from the perspective of the native Chinese speaker. It is demonstrated that Chinese analogues of the terms of God and soul in religious texts do not fully coincide with such in the philosophical texts. Namely, the Orthodox translators recommend the use上帝for nomination of God, while Chinese translators of the Russian religious philosophy allow using both versions depending on personal preferences and linguistic habits. For the translators of philosophical texts, the equivalent versions of the terms soul in the Glossary of Orthodox Terminology 灵魂 è 心灵 are divided into religious and secular analogues. The article also indicates other terms of Russian philosophy, which are translated using the techniques of transcription, calquing, and semantic translation.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2020.9.33862

Abstract: This work reviews the clash and mutual knowledge of the traditions representing two types of rationality – Western and Chinese medicines upon their most considerable divergence (XIX century). The article describes the opinions of the representatives of Western analytical cognitive type in medicine regarding Eastern medical practices in the XIX century, which demonstrate rejection of the fact on the existence of medical science in Eastern tradition. The principles of translation of Western medical terminology into Chinese language developed by the English translator John Fryer are examined. The author provides the examples of application of scientific methods developed in the West for studying and verification of the achievements of Eastern medicine, as well as an attempt of implementation of automation and machine analysis in the Chinese medicine for establishment of diagnosis that help to assign appropriate therapy in the XXI century –  as an experience of interaction between the two types of rationality. The scientific novelty of consists in the analysis of the experience of junction and mutual knowledge of two civilizations in the aspect of medicine as a junction between two opposite types of rationality. An assumption is made on correlation between the existence of a logical law of non-contradiction that emerged in Western scientific worldview, and inability of the Western missionaries of the XIX century to recognize alternative medicine (same as correlation between absence of this law in Eastern philosophy and recognition of Western medicine as equal). Prevalence of analytical approach towards terminologization in holistic tradition in the work of John Fryer leads to the conclusion on inefficiency of inculcation of the approaches, methods and terminology developed in one tradition for assessment and development of another. The author suggests on the possible constructiveness of synergetic approach for the development of a new comprehensive knowledge.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.11.10149

Abstract: