DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2019.3.30069

Abstract: In his article Ignatov analyzes the word 'personage' and structural component of the semantic field 'personality'. He demonstrates that the word 'personage' came into the Russian literary language by the end of the XIXth century. The beginning of the XXth century was marked with rapid development of this word semantics including the use of the word for denoting an individual. Lately the word 'personage' has been actively used in combination with other words that describe a person as an individual (human creature or figure) or a person from the point of view of his or her qualities and traits (personality). The author bases his analysis on the use of contextual and lexical-semantic research methods based on the material of the national corpus of the Russian language. The word 'personage' has never before become an object of special analysis in personality studies because the meanings of personage as an individual are not so often found in Russian dictionaries. However, the results of the research demonstrate that today this lexeme is actively used in the development of the semantic field 'personality' in Russian. 

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2019.2.29926

Abstract: The article isd devoted to the analysis of the word 'citizen' that reflects the relation between a person and state. According to the author, it is necessary to analyze the semantics of this lexeme to better understand the general concept of human. At the early XXIst century that lexeme had seven definitions, three definitions prevailing: 1. Humans inhabitting the territory and following the law who are often opposed to state and ruling class. 2. Individual element of the society, often carelessly used instead of words 'men', 'personality', 'individual' to name an adult, profession or go before a propery name lik Mrs or Mr. The research is based on the use of contextual and lexical semantic research methods and implis analysis of mass media texts of the early XXIst century as well as the National Corpus of the Russian language (1002 contexts) taking into account Russian definition dictionaries. Thus, the word 'citizen' denotes one's attitude to the state. It is an active element of the language and has semantic relations to other words and lexemes. The analysis of the semantic structure and functions of this word in modern Russian language has never been carried out on the basis of mass media.