DOI: 10.7256/2454-0595.2019.1.28549

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of deformation of the legal mentality of officials expressed in the administrative law enforcement policy of Russia. The object of the research is the legal mentality, and the subject of the research is the administrative law enforcement policy reflecting the characteristics of the state of the legal mentality of the Russian law enforcement bureaucracy. The purpose of the research is to examine the phenomenon of deformation of the legal mentality of the law enforcer using the example of a specific rule of law. At the same time, a hypothesis is put forward in the article, tested in the course of the study, according to which the deformations of the legal mentality in law enforcement are caused by spiritual and moral distortions. The methodological basis of the article included general resarch methods (dialectical method, system-structural method, analysis and synthesis) and special research methods: comparative law, formal law, hermeneutical method, axiological, etc. The methodology of the research is based on the analysis of law enforcement activities related to the distortion of the value, logical, semantic and target characteristics of the applicable rule of law under the uncertainty of its official interpretation. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the following: firstly, consideration of a special form of deformation of the legal consciousness of officials based on formally dogmatic legal thinking, and secondly, the originality of the approach to the methodological understanding of the problem of an objective assessment of the distortion of the value characteristics of the legal mentality in law enforcement. In conclusion, the author formulates conclusions containing generalizations of the research, including theses on the relationship between the legal understanding of the law enforcer and the spiritual and moral matrix of his legal conscience, the presence of interrelated causes of legal deformations and the need to improve the policy of generalizing administrative practices, the legal technique of the legislator as the most real and effective means of countering such distortions.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-9945.2016.5.20248

Abstract: The article studies the issues of reception of the elements of law enforcement models of foreign states into Russia’s legal space. The research subject is the national law enforcement models of federations. The purpose of the research is the detection of the correlation between regional factors and particular national law enforcement models. The authors hypothesize that a national law enforcement model of any state directly depends on the range of regional factors, formed in the context of internal peculiarities (ethnocultural, religious, socio-economic, etc.) and external threats (trans-border crime, geopolitical interests, international terrorism, ets.). The research methodology is based on general philosophical and theoretical methods (dialectics, the system method, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, observation and modeling) and special research methods: the comparative-legal, system, culturological, historical, etc. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the original approach to the understanding of the problem of search for the ideal law enforcement model for the Russian state with the help of the analysis of the roots of national peculiarities of the law enforcement function modeling as the objective grounds of differences in traditional systems of means, methods and ways of protection of law and order in a state. The authors consider the national law enforcement models of the USA, England, Germany, Japan, Singapore and the countries of the Islamic law, and analyze the attempt to create a universal law enforcement model within international law. The authors formulate the conclusions, containing generalizations, including the theses about the historical nature of the particular national law enforcement models, their objective dependence on the particular mental, historical, geopolitical, criminogenic, political and other conditions, and the related limitedness of legal receptions from other national law enforcement systems and their integration into Russia’s legal space.