DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2020.1.28596

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the peculiarities of functionality of argot of French police officers on derivational and semantic levels. The analysis of empirical material determined the key trends of derivation of the reference group, as well as the link between the leading functions of argotic lexicon with selection of ways and sources of harvesting lexical repertoire. It was revealed that in argot of French police officers prevails derivation based on the imagery reconsideration: metaphor allows realizing ludic function of argot, while metonymy is more often used for crypto-alalic purpose. The argot of French police officers also features an active process of borrowing lexemes from other languages; American and British versions of English language serve as the main donors. In the course of research, the author determines the semantic dominants of argot of French police officers: in lexical repertoire prevail the lexemes related to various type of legal violations, which similar to other argots, due to the thematic limitation of lexicon is nonfunctional. In majority of instances, synonymic rows include lexemes with different connotation; however, in some areas, the series is comprised of lexical units allowing to designate differentiation within the concept class. Using particular examples, the article explores other types of wordplay based on polysemy and homophony. It is noted that wordplay on the basis of homophony carries spontaneous character, while other types are more complicated and require certain background knowledge.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2018.2.26119

Abstract: The authors of the article reviewed and analyzed the features of modern language training for successful interaction with representatives of different cultures. Special attention is paid to the importance of the dialogue between cultures as a mechanism for equal interchange of spiritual values and knowledge. The authors consider such aspects of language training as the formation of a secondary linguistic personality and peculiarities of working with authentic information that allows understanding the realities of a different culture. The object of the research is intercultural communication, the subject of the research is the competence approach and vocational education in language training. In the course of the study, the authors resorted to system, structural-functional and typological analysis, and also used a comparative method. The novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive analysis of the competencies necessary for the development of a successful professional in demand in the global community. The main conclusions of the study are the provisions that in the current conditions of the global community a specialist is in demand, not only fluent in foreign languages and ready to constantly improve their professional competencies. A competitive professional should be open to understanding and perceiving the realities of a different culture, while at the same time preserving their cultural identity communication, dialogue between cultures, English, authentic texts, sociocultural mutual exchange

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2018.1.25579

Abstract: Today nonstandard becomes a marker of social, political and cultural changes in the life of the society. Nonstandard is typical for metropolises and their suburbs, young people being the main part of population there. Youth argot plays an important role in nonstandard as a system. Representatives of this reference group try to stay aloof from the other part of the society so they have their own subculture. At the same time, youth quickly assimilates new trends of the society. The analysis carried out by the author demonstrates that this reference group tends to a fast yet full communication of ideas as it is required by the fast pace of their life. This is why youth word creation is mostly focused on the play upon the appearance of the word. The results of analysing empirical material selected from specialized sources of uncodified speech using the continuous sampling method demonstrate that French youth do not only assimilate existent words and patterns of vocabulary enrichment in accordance with their needs and purposes but also create their own method of writing to communicate through messangers and SMS. The importance of youth vocabulary is growing as a result of extended cross-cultural communication and international contacts. Young people are open for everything new and quite vively respond to changing realities. Thus, analysis of their vocabulary allows to better understand world views and picture of the world of young people and to adapt to the environment they live in. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0749.2018.1.25524

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the French and English nonstandard vocabularies, the authors of the article analyze the relationship between language patterns and world outlook. As a result of their research, the authors define the most significant semantic spheres and fields that are typical for the French argot and English slang. Through analysing empirical material selected from specialized sources of uncodified speech, the authors have defined world view particularities of the French and Englishmen in various spheres of life. For example, the authors have discovered that both the French argot and English slang are more everyday life languages and rich in bright images. Noteworthy, that the French use metaphors more frequently while the English slang has a greater share of metonymies. The results of the research demonstrate that nonstandard language patterns create a miniature copy of the national world view reflected in the French argot and English slang. Analysis of the empirical material carried out by the authors allows to define world view particularities of the French and Englishmen, in particular, the authors describe cultural features of these nations in both everyday life and business. The research gives an opportunity to look at the society from the point of view of nonstandard language patterns that, in this case, create a reduced copy of the national world view and allow to discover the main lexical and semantic tendencies at the same time.