DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.5.33729

Abstract: The theoretical subject of this research is personality of a patient with socially significant diseases. The goal consists in determination of methodological grounds for selecting a universal set of psychodiagnostic methods for the patients with socially significant diseases. Theoretical analysis is conducted on the results relevant Russian and foreign psychological empirical research that allow describing personality of a patient with socially significant diseases. The author systematizes the data based on biopsychosocionoetic model proposed by G. V. Zalevsky, which reveals the elements of psychological diagnostics and psychological work in accordance with the components of functionality of the psyche: physical Self, social Self, actual Self, and spiritual Self. It is established that modern research usually reveals 1-2 components of the structural Self of the psyche. The article offers a combination of methods that can lay the foundation for systematic psychodiagnostic study of personality of a patient with socially significant diseases. For determining the actual Self, actual Self, social Self, and maladaptive traits, the author suggest to use the following:1) for studying the aspects of actual Self: Individual-typological questionnaire By L. N. Sobchik;: Strategies of Coping Behavior, Life Cycle Index, Integrative Anxiety Test; Beck Depression Inventory;2) for studying social Self: the Scale for Measuring Subjective Feeling of Loneliness in adaptation of N. E. Vodopyanova, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support3) for studying spiritual Self: Reconceptualized test of life-meaning orientations by D. A. Leontiev's4) for physical Self: Giessen Subjective Complaints ListThe indicated methodologies allow implementing the systemic-structural principle, achieving a holistic picture of functionality of the psyche in diagnostics of a patient.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2020.3.32992

Abstract: The subject of this research is the anxiety of patients at different stages of genesis of myocardial infarction (MI). It is a proven fact that the high level of anxiety leads to reoccurrence and unfavorable course of disease both, in combination with other factors or regardless of them. However, the influence of separate aspects of anxiety into reoccurrence of MI remains insufficiently studied, which actualizes determination of the components of anxiety at different staged of emergence of this disease. The article presents a comparative analysis and description of the level of manifestation of various components of anxiety among the following empirical groups: 33 persons without myocardial infarction in past medical history, but in the group of risk by its genesis; 29 patients undergoing 2 to 5 days of hospital treatment for recovering after MI; 27 patients that have already received post-hospital therapy after MI. The observational group included 30 technically healthy persons. The following conclusions are formulated: 1) Anxiety components, such as asthenic, phobic, emotional discomfort are vivid among the patients who have survived MI, as well as persons in the risk group. However, an additional longitude research is required for proving the influence of anxiety into the genesis of myocardial infarction. 2) The currently conducted rehabilitation of MI patients reduces the overall level of situational anxiety, practically avoiding such its components that in the future can prompt recurrence of MI. 3) High level of anxiety is characteristic to all IM patients. The recommended programs for prevention and rehabilitation should be focused on long-term reduction of the level of personal anxiety, such as cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.5.27507

Abstract: The subject of the research is the prevention of anxiety and depressive disorders by the means of corporate psychological counselling. The researcher set the following objectives for his research: 1) to find the most efficient psychotherapeutical approach to prevention of anxiety and depressive disorders at organisations; 2) to review humanistic concepts to psychological counselling of organization's staff that would be oriented at preservation of mental health. In order to achieve the first objective, the author outlines the main challenges a corporate psychological may face when counselling staff who demonstrate anxiety or depression symptoms. In accordance with the challenges described, the author proposes the following requirements for corporate psychological assistance: psychological assistance should mainly consist of short-term group therapy because such environment does not require too much openness from a client, the therapy should have distinct goals and targets and measerable efficient results. In order to achieve the second objective, the researcher compares the humanistic person-centered approach to organization and so called 'turguoise organizations'. As a conclusion, the author notes that these two models are similar in terms of their methodology. The fact that such models are created and implemented proves the growing role of psychology in corporate mangement and sets forth the task of psychological adaptation of staff to a new form of organization. The author also analyzes the most efficient approaches to prevention of anxiety and depressive disorders and names such approaches as interpersonal therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. The author cmopares these two approaches as applicable to the situation of corporate psychological cousnelling. Based on the results of the analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy proves to be more efficient for prevention of anxiety and depressive disorders as part of corporate psychological counselling.