Abstract: The subject of this research is the methodological issues in studying socialization in the socio-philosophical aspect. The two main groups of issues are determined: related to pursuit of the meaning and essence of socialization; and differentiation of this process from the processes of development and social adaptation. It is substantiated that main methodological difficulty in studying socialization is the continuous transformations of social environment, which do not allow the scholars to document and describe the relevant aspects of personality becoming and its peculiarities in a specific historical period. The author reveals the fundamental difficulty in determining the essence and ontology and the process of socialization, which consists in the impact of objective factors of the environment, its constant changes, and drastic transformations within the very system of “human-society” that complicates the formulation of the universal systemic methodology for its examination. Moreover, the process of socialization should be distinguished from the similar processes of development and social adaptation, which is certainly hard to accomplish empirically, but possible theoretically, using the philosophical system of the categories of common, special, and single. As the main methodological vector of studying socialization, the author suggests the tendency to view this process within the system of interconnection, cooperation, principles human-environment relationship that define his role in the society and characterize as an active subject of social life.