DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.9.43960

Abstract: The article deals with the problems of legal regulation of relations in the Scandinavian states in the field of freedom of conscience and religion. The reason for addressing this topic was the public actions on the burning of the Koran that took place in Denmark and Sweden in 2023, which demonstrated the inability of law enforcement agencies and civil society of the Nordic countries to prevent a violation of public order, as well as the violation of fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual. The object of the study was both the legislation of the Kingdoms of Denmark and Sweden regulating relations in the religious sphere, and law enforcement practice. The article is based on the latest empirical data and research results, most of which have not been translated into Russian. As a result of the analysis of the current legislation of the Scandinavian states, it was concluded that the norms of public law do not correspond to the level and nature of public relations in the religious sphere. The norms of international and European law incorporated into the national legislation of the Scandinavian countries are also ineffective. An additional obstacle is the traditions of a society that recognizes everyone's right to free expression of opinions and thoughts. In order to prevent public events in the religious sphere that are openly extremist in nature, it is necessary to modernize the relevant legislation of the Scandinavian states. At a minimum, it is necessary to expand the powers of law enforcement agencies to ban such events as threatening the national interests of the Nordic countries.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0692.2017.1.21867

Abstract: The article is aimed at the study of legal aspects of policing in the mechanism of enforcement of human and civil rights and freedoms. The research subject is the existing scientific approaches to the interpretation of the role of law enforcement bodies in the enforcement of rights of citizens. The author studies the example of the police in foreign countries. Special attention is given to the works of American and Western European scholars studying the capacities of the police in the protection of rights. The author relies upon the thesis that the police are the core of the law enforcement system of a modern democratic state, and the enforcement of rights is one of their activities. The analysis of the set of theoretical and practical works, including the works of foreign legal scholars, allows the author to consider both positive and negative aspects of the police work, when the police can at the same time protect and restrict the rights of citizens. The author concludes that the protection of human rights by the police in modern foreign countries is a result of dedicated work of the police fulfilling their duties imposed on them by special laws; it ensures the trust of the population in police officers and promotes the development of cooperation between the civil society and law enforcement agencies. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that the author considers the work of the police within the mechanism of enforcement of rights and freedoms as a priority direction of policing in modern democratic states. The practical implementation of “the police at the service of society” concept, successfully applied in European countries, will increase the authority of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.