DOI: 10.7256/2409-7144.2016.4.18296

Abstract: The subject of this research is the unique ethnic and cultural group of Yessey Yakuts (Krasnoyarsk Krai), which is isolated from the main Yakut ethnocultural group of the Sakha Republic. Currently the interethnic and intercultural contacts between the disconnected Yakut groups have been reestablished. The authors explore the history and current state of economics, social communications, and culture of the Yessey Yakuts, as well as analyze the prospects of future development of the social communications between the Yakuts of Krasnoyarsk Krai and Yakuts of the Sakha Republic. Certain peculiarities of the modern ethnogenesis of the indigenous people of the North are being determined. The authors conducted a field research in the places of residence of indigenous people; the in-depth interviews and the analysis of the historical and cultural peculiarities of these people were being implemented. The Yessey Yakuts separated from the Sakha Yakuts that resides in Yakutia; due to their remoteness and the established outlook, they preserved the authentic culture of Sakha. Thus in the current situation it is necessary to contribute into the restoration of the cultural and social connection with the Sakha Republic.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7144.2015.1.14249

Abstract: The subject of this study is the concept of "indigenous peoples". The author analyzes the different approaches to this concept, presented in a modern foreign and domestic research literature. The concept of "indigenous peoples" has a certain academic interpretations depending on how researchers understand the phenomenon of ethnicity. It is hypothesized that the concept of "indigenous peoples" changes its content and scope depending on the historical and cultural epoch, in relation to which it is viewed. Possible to identify the specific content of this concept in relation to the premodern, modern and postmodern. The author used the information obtained in the course of fieldwork in Tyukhtetsky District and Taimyr Dolgan-Nenets Municipal District (Krasnoyarsk Territory) in 2010-2014. For the analysis of the scope and content of the concept applied the methods of analytical review of research literature and conceptual analysis. Indigenous people is a sociological, cultural, ethnographic and ethnological term to refer to a local social community, which has geographic parameters and consolidated on the basis of ethnicity in the context of relations with the dominant ethnic group, nation; such a community has, as a rule, the historic colonial (neocolonial) experience and its reflection. The defining feature of this community is the property of indigenous recognized by the dominant ethnic group and the state, as the status of the ethnic groups, the first populated the territory of compact residence of its members, also in the legal field plays a leading role identity of its representatives. As the basis of ethnicity such social community act simultaneously two groups of features: a) objective evidence mainly detected within the ethnic group, the inherent limitations of its representatives and therefore perceived as his markers (race, language, territorial tightness); b) objectified through cultural signs signs ethnicity is constructed ethnicity of its representatives as subjective constructions mainly externally ("outside"), with detectable within the ethnic group, but embedded in this situation originating outside it. In modern conditions of such social communities internally heterogeneous, include a number of groups of indigenous people can be differentiated by the degree of replacement of the traditional way of life in their social and cultural practices, or as part of the social institutions of modern society.