Abstract: The subject of this research is the ethnocultural group of indigenous people of Krasnoyarsk Krai – the Chulym people. Their total number accounts to nearly 200 people according to the data from the Russian Census of 2010. However, Chulyms were able to preserve their ethnic and cultural identity and attempt to restore the national language and culture. They qualify for certain government support being a relatively insignificant indigenous population. The processes of social identification that currently take place among Chulyms, are characteristic to many indigenous communities in Central Siberia. The author conducted field researches in the place of living of these people, as well as applied surveys and the analysis of statistical data. The processes of the modern ethnic identification of Chulym people are affected by the political, economic, and psychological factors. Thanks to the government and municipal support, the Chulym people continue to refer themselves to the ethnic group, although the language, culture, and history of this indigenous community fade away from social memory.