Abstract: The article duscusses both traditional application of metaphors in art, literature and cinematograph and less traditional application of metaphors (in social studies, professional vocabulary). Metaphors were first used in literature and scientific vocabulary not so long ago. Based on the example of the interest of the Soviet society towards  the Lesser Dutchmen after the war, the author makes an attempt to understand the cause of their latent attraction to bourgeoisie. The author also analyzes the phenomenon of the Soviet middle class culture as a gnoseological factor of the USSR dissidence. Metaphor is also viewed as a social indicator. 

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Abstract: The author of this article, being a philologist, literator and sociologist in his scientific work, analyzes the lexical and stylistic aspects of scientific works in humanitarian sciences in context of norms and traditions of the national Russian language. In his opinion, binary preposition of linguistic debate - encratic and acratic languages, Russian tradition for written fixation of scientific work, is, in fact, a quasi-language itself and is defined not as an independent communication phenomenon, but as a system of anomalies in regular language. The article provides a historical outlook on the interaction of scientific and literary methods of fixation and reflection of social realities - interaction that represents a pendulum of divergence and convergence processes.

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