Abstract: The article is devoted to Max Nordau, Cesare Lombroso’s follower who studied famous poets and authors from the point of view of their ‘sanity’.

Keywords: psychology, psychiatry, behavior, sanity, insanity.

Abstract: The feeling of community origin, religion, values, way of survival, i.e. some ‘common ground’, plays an important role in the process of unifying people into groups which is characterized by internal self-identification. Growing as a part of one social group, community of verbal and non-verbal communications allow people to establish understandable adaptation mechanisms that drastically reduce confrontation and conf licts.

Keywords: philosophy, ethnicity, pluralism, conf lict, adaptation, confrontation, development, culture, stratification, system.

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Abstract: Erich Fromm’s name has become symbolic long time ago. He represents a whole epoch that opposed to totalitarianism and servility and tried to add humanistic dimension to the social history. Fromm is popular all over the world and his ideas influence the modern consciousness greatly. Many works about Fromm have been published recently. These works mostly describe him as one of the brightest figures in humanistic psychology. The author of this article tries to view Fromm’s ideas from the point of view of philosophical anthropology.

Keywords: psychology, philosophical anthropology, individual, human being, personality, totalitarianism, humanism, value, freedom, authoritarianism, social character.

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Abstract: Anthropological renaissance is one of the important occurrences in modern philosophy and psychology. Common features of this process are quite obvious. These include: deep interest towards human, revival of anthropological researches and introduction of new ways of philosophical understanding of human.

Keywords: psychology, psychoanalysis, anthropology, human, psyche, consciousness, unconsciousness, enlightenment, creativity, personality.

Abstract: The main goal of the article is to show that there were no grounds for the psychophysical problem in the context of early Buddhism views on human (‘Buddha’s’ teachings). The article contains the review of various Buddhistic approaches to the body, describes the ‘constructive’ image of the body in psychophysical teachings and theoretical discourse and considers Buddha’s arguments against other teachings about the relation between the soul and the body as well as the basic conceptions of the Buddhistic analysis of psychosomatic phenomena such as dharma, skandhas, paticca-samuppada.

Keywords: psychology, psychophysical problem, body, Buddhism, soul, consciousness, emergence, embodiment, nama-rupa, skandhas.

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Abstract: This article considers the criticism of the psychoanalytical training and suggests that psychoanalytical orthodoxy is a must in the history of psychoanalysis. The author makes an assumption that it is necessary to know and understand the history of psychoanalysis in order to remain tolerant towards various schools of psychoanalysis.

Keywords: psychology, psychoanalysis, psychoanalytical orthodoxy, human, consciousness, un consciousness, Oedipus complex, bisexuality, training, neurosis.

Abstract: Human rises above the animal world because he’s conscious. There are different levels of human conscious depending on the type of thinking. There is a certain difference between reason (which is based on formal logical, linear type of thinking) and sense (which is based on dialectical, non-linear type of thinking). Western civilization is based on mathematics (i.e. reason). It did not adopt dialectical logics and this is why it is rational but not sensible. It substituted the social progress with the technological development and eventually came to the deadlock.

Keywords: human nature, self-improvement, concrete thinking, linear thinking, sense, non-linear thinking, image thinking, dialectical thinking, mind, constructive thinking, civilization.

Abstract: The article studies the problem of formation of professional and practical competence in information sciences and mathematics at universities teaching economics. The author of the article describes the pedagogical and didactical conditions of its formation based on the analysis of a university class ‘Computer Models in Economics’. The article considers possibilities of application of mathematic modeling as a mean of formation of professional and practical competence in information sciences and mathematics of future specialists in the sphere of economics. The author of the article defines the role of vocationally oriented tasks in the process of formation of professional and practical competence in information sciences and mathematics at universities teaching economics.

Keywords: pedagogy, competence, information, economics, processes, mathematics, modeling, tasks, student, profession.

Abstract: This is the translation of O. Rank’s book ‘Will Therapy, Truth and Reality’ in which O. Rank discusses peculiarities of a neurotic personality.

Keywords: psychology, psychotechnics, will, therapy, truth, reality, neurosis.

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Abstract: The problem of children’s literature is gaining more importance nowadays. What is exactly children’s literature? What functions does it perform? What are the borders of childhood? These are the questions this study is devoted to. In order to find answers to these questions, the author conducts an experiment involving children of 7 to 11 years old. The purpose of the study was to find out whether modern school children can actually digest and understand L. N. Tolstoy’s and N. A. Nekrasov’s works, whose works are more comprehensive and why. The author of the article makes concrete conclusions based on her study.

Keywords: pedagogy, literature, poems, novel, experiment, book, children, Tolstoy, Nekrasov, comprehend.

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Abstract: The article studies the problem of interpretation of the Buddhistic conception of ‘non-self’ (anatman) based on the analysis of the 9th part of Abhidharmakosha by Vasubandhu, the philosopher living in the 4th century. The author of the article analyzes whether it is possible or impossible for ‘self’ to exist as the subject of perception, learning and thinking. The author shows that the Buddhistic philosophy suggested a completely new approach to human psyche that views it as the combination of constantly changing and dynamically interacting phenomena (dharmas) and ‘subject-free’ ontology forming the basis. The article also discusses possible approaches to explaining the connection between the Buddhistic psychology with D. Hume’s theories, phenomenology and modern cognitive philosophy (F. Varela, E . T homson, E . Rosh). T he article contains the author’s translations of relevant texts from Sanskrit and Pali (the first translations into Russian). The article will be of interest to researchers in the sphere of cognitive psychology, psychology of perception and knowledge who are interested in the problem of Self and the Subject and in a philosophical dialogue between the West and the East.

Keywords: psychology, subject, personality, individual, consciousness, psyche, Self, non-Self, atman.

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