Politics and Society - rubric National security

Abstract: This article by V.B. Ryzhov is devoted to the analysis of the regional integration units (such as the EU, and the MERCOSUR), among which, as the author notes, it is possible to single out certrain similar structures, existing in different regions and to find three major typical models of regional integration. The article includes the study of the inner structure of such unions, the ways that the governing bodies of these unions are formed, their relations with the states within and outside the union.

Abstract: Acts of terrorism are planned, prepared and implemented by persons, and they are, in effect, aimed against life and health of other persons. That is why creation of a psychological “portrait” of a terrorist, his moral and psychological state, personal ideas is so important. Who is a modern terrorist? What are the conditions and factors, which made him be? What are characteristics of his personal “portrait”? In his article N.I. Dorokhov offers his answers to these questions based upon the generally-recognized provisions of a theory of person.

Abstract: As the author of this article points out, the problems of state legal regulation of foreign investments are especially topical for those states, which are just starting their journey towards the market economy. The foreign investments call for complex regulation within the national legal system, and this article is devoted to review of various aspects of this problem.

Abstract: The need to address this problem, is in the author’s view, due to the fact that in Russia there’s currently no well-developed system of legislative support for economical security. Many issues in this sphere are not yet legislatively regulated, and the existing normative legal basis contains gaps and contradictions with the constitutional provisions. The author offers to use constitutional norms as a systematizing basis for all the normative matters, regulating the economical security issues…

Abstract: In this article the author analyzes the activities of the UN and the international criminal justice in the sphere of development of new forms and directions of activities in the sphere of fighting international crime. Keywords: jurisprudence, law, UN, the international criminal justice, international cooperation, international crimes, UN, the UN Charter, extradition, crimes, International Criminal Code

Abstract: The modern ecological crisis threatens the stable development of human civilization as a whole. Industry and power industry in our state are key sources of pollution of our environment. The goal of the policy in the sphere of ensuring ecological security is limitation of pressure of power industry onto the environment, bringing it closer to the existing ecological standards. Such a policy is key to the stable development of the state, healthy society, investment into the human capital, ensuring safety of the environment. Keywords: jurisprudence, ecology, pollution, energy, security, state, population, policy, interests, efficiency

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of inner security of Azerbaijan. It includes analysis of terms, interests, threats, goals and directions of ensuring national security. The article makes use of the law on national security of Azerbaijan, as well as directions and decrees of the President of the Azerbaijan Republic. Keywords: jurisprudence, security, independence, strategy, sovereignty, legislation, threats, Europe, Caucausus, conflicts

Abstract: The article is devoted to the issue of definition of management in the sphere of use and protection of transportation lands by the renowned scientists of the Soviet period, as well as modern scientists. Due to the lasting administrative reform, the author studies classification, structure and functions of the of the management bodies in this sphere, as well as all spheres of organizational and legal mechanisms for ensuring application of land law That is why study of the structure of state bodies in this sphere is so topical. The author offers to amend legislation in order to make management in this sphere more efficient, and to change the sphere of competence of federal executive bodies in the sphere of protection of transportation lands. Keywords: jurisprudence, lands, transportation, management, use, state, bodies, Ministry, transportation, structure

Abstract: The article is devoted to topical problems of implementation of constitutional legislation of the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the practice of constitutional implementation in combination with the quality of legislative norms and organization of activities of state power. The author then comes to a conclusion that the system of constitutional legislation of the Russian Federation needs further improvement of means and methods of realization of norms, which are enshrined in it. Keywords: jurisprudence, constitutional legislation, society, problems, social, chamber, monitoring, reform, implementation of law

Abstract: The article includes a new approach to ensuring cyber-security in Russia and abroad. In particular, the author offers the concept of responsibility of Internet — providers, who work in Russia. In the author’s point of view the service-provider should be responsible for the quality of information on his server if this information was put there on his consent and on his costs, knew, or could have known of its concepts, his willful or insufficiently professional actions led to threatening information on his site. The author studies norms of legislation in Russia and abroad on this issue, offers his ways to solve the existing problems and to regulate Internet activities properly. Keywords: jurisprudence, Internet, Web, law, provider, Internet-law, cyber security, information, Internet-relations, cybernetic

Abstract: This article is devoted to the problem of situation in the environment, which provokes people to use of risk. This relates to extraordinary natural and social situations, which provoke people to risky acts. At the same time the author establishes a position on territories of environment as territorial limits to risky actions. Keywords: risk, environment, risk-generating situations, macro-environment, micro-environment, extraordinary situation, extreme events, person as a subject and object of risk, constructive and deconstructive, destructive risk

Abstract: This article is devoted to the problem of situation in the environment, which provokes people to use of risk. This relates to extraordinary natural and social situations, which provoke people to risky acts. At the same time the author establishes a position on territories of environment as territorial limits to risky actions. Keywords: political science, civilization, culture, conflict, opposition, identity, globalization, politics, threat, terrorism

Abstract: This article includes positions on regional aspects of formation and realization of the policy of stable development at the regional level in Russia. The analysis allows to see, that in the new economic conditions the solution of ecological problems is only possible based upon the implementation of goal-oriented complex programs of development of regions of Russia. The state support should be provided selectively, that is, for specific programs, which are recognized as economically effective. Currently the effective protection of environment and ensuring the security system of the state are impossible without the systemic approach. Keywords: political science, politics, political aspects, ecological problems, regional development, state, state corporativism, stable development, systemic approach

Abstract: Elections for the European Parliament have actualized the ‘European Discourse’ amid the geo-economical crisis. In its turn, it aggravated the problem of identity and values (which are based on the latter). In the context of world development megatrends (starting from the tragedy which took place on September 11, 2001), these problems acquire a special direction towards “security”, thus combining geopolitical and ‘geo cultural’ aspects. Usage of the terms ‘European identity’ and ‘European values’ in the geopolitical discourse shows that there is an immanent geo cultural element occurring in relations with NATO and EC including the sphere of security. Discordance to ‘European identity’ is one of the factors making Turkey’s relations with EC and partly NATO more difficult. Similar situation occurs in relations between the West of Russia and the Ukraine. Key words: political science, Europe, identity, values, geo culture, geopolitics, security, integration, region, civilization

Abstract: Review: Crossing tendencies of intensifying relations between the government and business in the sphere of security, on one hand, and growing expenses of security (protection and etc.) are important social and political phenomena creating premises for a completely new security subject, ‘State Corporation’. Special features of that security subject is a less traditional differentiation between the ‘powers’ of state and business in the sphere of national (social and political) security, on one hand, and in the sphere of private (social and economical) security, on the other hand. It is also quite possible that a very specific ‘ideology of violence’ would occur and settle in as an immanent feature of social and political activity. The phenomenon of ‘non-violent opposition’ in so called ‘color revolutions’ is the opposite side of that ideology since it is related to the idea of using violence by the government in the first place.

Keywords: political sciences, politics, society, violence, privatization, security, state, trans national, local, ideology

Abstract: The authors of the article summarized the series of articles about the role of Komsomol in the spiritual life of Russian society during the first post-war decade. The main conclusion the researches made suggested the following: during the first post-war decade young people (at least Komsomol) had been an active participant of the social life. Social activity of the youth was directly connected with the youth’s ability to create something new and change the reality.

Keywords: political sciences, youth, Komsomol, state institution, power, spirituality, political body, culture, school, society

Abstract: It is obvious that corruption cannot be limited by solely repressive methods and complex measures of institutions are necessary for solving such a task. In the framework of this approach corruption is viewed as a measure of violation of existing norms and regulations of official behavior, a measure of internal disorder in the functioning of institutions. The fight against corruption should be aimed at reformation of institutions. The importance of institutional reforms in overcoming corruption is evident. However, why some institutional reforms lead to a successful solution of this problem, while others fail — an issue that deserves careful consideration

Keywords: social studies, reformation, social institution, corruption, public health service, market, economics, financing, legislation, organizations

Abstract: Distribution of security within the society is quite irregular and depends on the standards of well-being, employment positions and non-employed layers of society, income and assets, level of education and professions. These are very objective differences which are the result of the economic development of the society Individuals belonging to the ruling class reach the highest level of security while other classes subject to exploitation are the least secure

Keywords: political sciences, society, security, market, state institution, needs, freedom, threats, principals, agreement

Abstract: The article is devoted to the topical issues of strengthening of political stability in Russia. The author analyzes the general and specifi c aspects connected with the potentials and perspectives of development of the mentioned above process taking into account the ethnic and religious diversity in the Central Asia and Northern Caucasia.

Keywords: Russia, politics, stability, ethnos, religions, processes, conception, construction, sociality, social, paternalism.

Abstract: The article views the reasons of expansion of the international terrorism in the modern world. The author analyzes how globalization processes infl uence the development of a state institution. Based on Raul Prebisch’, Fernando Cardoso’s and Immanuel Wallterseten’s theories the author studies consequences of the global division into the ‘center and the periphery’ and ho it infl uences the social and political development of countries and formation of the social base for terrorism. The author also describes peculiarities of the modern terrorism which strengthens its positions by joining international criminal worlds and gaining international nature. It is concluded that the existing world order only aggravates the internal contradictions and intensifi es degradation of political systems, failure of moral values, break-down of a family and traditional life style in the majority of semi-periphery and periphery countries which creates conditions for further activation of international terrorism.

Keywords: political sciences, globalization, terrorism, world order, state institution, crisis, democracy, the center and the periphery, power, modern age.

Abstract: The article shows how limited political and socio-technological methods of struggle against terrorism are. One of the reasons why it is limited is a contradiction between conservatism and progressivism as between a culture’s tendency to self-preservation, on one hand, and expansion of destroying civilization technologies, on the other. According to the author, Russia should not rush to refuse from cultural clamps of social life and value regulators of social relations. It is possible to successfully deal with terrorism only if the entire society heals spiritually.

Keywords: political science, culture, civilization, terror, technology, Russia, globalism, values, spirituality, Islamism.

Abstract: In the context of globalization of fi nancial markets it is important to provide national and public interests of Russia in the sphere of credits and fi nances. The author of the article studies the defi nition and main elements of banking security as a part of national security. From the point of view of public activity of state institutions, banking security is viewed as a complex legal institution in a legislative system.

Keywords: security, globalization, crisis, national interest, banking system, credit organizations, economics, state institution, fi nancial stability, law.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.6.8602

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2023.1.43799

Abstract: Ensuring national security and measures to protect it are at the heart of the prosperity of any State and its people. The Russian Federation's modern national security system, which is a complex, multi-level system, plays a vital role in ensuring state and public security. The elements of this system are represented by security at various levels, interacting and functioning through direct and feedback links. An important direction of the Russian Federation's National Security Strategy is consolidating law enforcement agencies and civil society institutions to create positive external and internal conditions to implement national interests and priorities. In this article, the author examines the activities of law enforcement agencies aimed at ensuring national security and issues of interaction. The problem of law enforcement agencies' effectiveness in ensuring the Russian Federation's national security is also considered based on an analysis of regulatory legal acts and the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies. The system of safeguarding and protecting national security is considered in the totality of subjects in interaction, as well as various bodies, forces, and means of ensuring security at a national level, provided through existing legal norms. What determines the necessary relevance of the important issues under consideration in the current situation?

Keywords: society, threats, law enforcement activities, national security, law enforcement agencies, state, safety, citizens, national interests, state security

Abstract: Based upon the studies of the Russian legislation on local self-government, the author of this article came to the conclusion that the legislators clearly had set the conditions applicable where the civil society and developed legal culture. However, there are regions in Russia, where the civil society institutions are underdeveloped. Hence, the institutions of local self-government are underfinanced and put on the brink of survival…

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2015.1.13953

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2015.1.54329

Abstract: The article is devoted to public security as a target of research in social studies. The authors describe the difficulties of using this category in social studies and contradictions arising when studying it. The emphasis is made on the need to study public security in terms of a system of relations “statesociety- human-culture” and to build an associated concept of public security. The authors conclude that it is inefficient to study public security only as a method of defense against particular threats. The authors emphasize the need for evaluation of public security from the point of view of the value system of the Russian society. The research methodology involves institutional, antroposocietal and axiological approaches. The main conclusions of the research are the following: 1) definition of public security needs to be further studied within the framework of social humanities; 2) when developing research strategies, it is necessary to pay attention at values as the factors of collective and individual human life and activities; 3) the concept of public security needs to be developed.

Keywords: public security, national security, culture, values and standards, security, threat, society, definition of public security, concept of public security, social development.

Abstract: Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation now becomes a federal body empovered to develop unified policy on the relationships between various religions and the state. One may imagine that in the near future we shall see the State Concept of Policy on Religions, developed by the MRD together with the Chair of Religious Studies of the Russian Academy of State Service. If so, this is a rather sad prediction for the freedom of conscience in Russia.

Abstract: Social and political beliefs hold a central position in one’s world view because they are closely connected with his personal behavior. We shall use the term ‘ideology’ for defining the system of these beliefs which reflect our attitude to the social reality. Since a concrete individual belongs to a concrete social and ethic group, ideology reflects interests of this social and ethic group but not one’s personal preferences.

Keywords: social studies, ideology, religious, resistance, extremism, conflict, consciousness, society, beliefs, fanaticism.

Abstract: The article deals with the market development of blood and its components in a single operation of insecurity of the market. Showing the main challenges of the market, including non-participation of private companies in the turnover of blood and its components, a high level of participation of the black market. Shows the development at the present stage of bloodless medicine as an alternative to solving the problems under consideration.

Keywords: donor, blood components, the market, the company, the drug.

Abstract: The paper provides an analysis of environmental lobbying in relation to environmental issues. It shows the degree of interaction between government, business and the public at the stage of addressing environmental problems. The author of the article also describes the role of environmental lobbying in the protection of natural resources and provides specific examples.

Keywords: environmental lobby, natural resources, public policy in the sphere of environmental protection, environmental policy decisions, business and lobbying.

Abstract: The attitude towards the Russian land as a generally stable agrarian community of the Slavic and the indigenous peoples, the so-called “Land of Cities” (Gardariki) differentiates the city from the usual settlement… This article by Professor Yeremyan is devoted to the complications of the social structure of the Russian city as a mirror of the entire Russian society of that time.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the process of ratifi cation of the START Treaty 3-2010 between Russia and America. Based on the analysis of Russian and USA politicians’ and militaries’ opinions the author of the article defi nes the problems of ratifi cation of the Treaty. The article also describes the author’s evaluation to the START Treaty 3-2010 in the framework of the Russian national security and defense capacity and USA plans on creation of European system of anti-ballistic defense.

Keywords: relations between Russia and America, reduction of strategic arms, anti-ballistic defense, ratifi cation, USA Congress, Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.1.54004

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to describe peculiarities of legal regulation in the sphere of restrictions imposed on nuclear energy use. The subject of the research is the current legal regulations in the sphere of nuclear energy use, radiation security and particular standards related to turnover of civil rights objects. Based on the results, the author of the article concludes that a special legal status of nuclear energy use places certain restrictions on exercising of property rights compared to usual civil turnover. Restrictions of the right to perform economic activities in the territory of nuclear energy facilities are applied in order to defend life and health of citizens, to enforce the right to safe environment, to provide physical protection of a nuclear facility and to ensure national defense and state security. Changes in current legislation must reflect the policy in the sphere of radiation security, help to overcome contradictions in legal regulation both at general and special levels, eliminate gaps in interpreting legal regulations of relations in the sphere of nuclear energy use and radioactive waste management. The author of the article also discusses problematic issues related to a serious conflict of law arising when special provisions of legal regulation in the sphere of nuclear energy use are used together with the provisions of civil laws regulating property relations. Sometimes judicial and administrative decisions are even used for illegal takeover of strategic enterprises and manipulation of the ownership right for questioning th legality of enterprise activities. Special attention is paid at peculiarities of treatment of nuclear energy facilities.

Keywords: legal studies, law, ownership, turnover, seizure, limitation, atom, energy, use.

Abstract: In the legal studies legal security has already been put into category and its various aspects are being studied. Does this category however have a right to exist? What is its nature within the context of military activity? The author of this article tries to find an answer to these and other questions…

Abstract: EU energy law has been generally studied by the EU law science. Nevertheless, there are still certain gaps in their studies such as the issues of supplying nuclear power organizations with energy carriers and investing into nuclear energy. The author of the article stresses out that the supply issue belongs to the topic of safety in the sphere of nuclear power, while the issue of investments into nuclear power is a rather new aspect in this sphere because it means participation of private persons in the sphere of nuclear power production where the role of public entities is dominating.

Keywords: EU law, EU energy law, EU law in the sphere of nuclear power, EUROTOM Supply Agency, investments, research activity, supply, ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor).

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to discover and study drivers of anti-criminal attitudes among population. The topic being analyzed in the present article involves motives of proper behavior in a social environment as well as ways of inß uence on citizens’ legal consciousness suing mass media in order to form anti-criminal attitudes in a social environment. The results of the research can be used for further scientific researches in the sphere of studies of law. At the end of the article the author concludes that the issue of legal culture still remains very topical. The author’s research demonstrates a quite stable hierarchy of values involving the human rights. However, as the statistics show, in a modern world there is a large gap between importance of socio-economic rights and political rights for the population. The author of the article also makes a conclusion that under modern conditions it is practically impossible to form the anti-criminal attitudes among population if the mass media workers are not competent in the field of law since these workers have a significant inß uence on legal culture in any country.

Keywords: studies of law, crime, security, protection, society, behavior, legal consciousness, state institution, punishment, inß uence.

Abstract: OSCE is the most widespread organization of all the European systems of collective security. It unites 56 sovereign and independent states, both Party and non-Party to the EU, the NATO, and the CIS. It is however quite topical whether there shall still be need for the OSCE, once NATO and the EU include new Party-States?

Abstract: This article analyzes the applicable anti-corruption legislation. Author highlights the main problems of anti-corruption expertise such as: the procedure for considering the expert opinions obtained by the subjects of lawmaking from independent experts, which contain proposals to address the identifi ed their corruption-factors is not regulated; not all regions of the Russian Federation and local self-governments legal acts provided for an independent anti-corruption expertise; the Law itself has many drawbacks of internal and external confl icts, ambiguities, gaps, problems of quality-expert opinion, as well as the validity of this conclusion. The author suggests possible ways to solve the above issues. The article reveals a number of bodies authorized to carry out this type of expertise. Author analyzes the Russian practice of an independent anti-corruption examination of normative legal acts and their projects, and activities of independent experts and expert institutions at the federal level and in selected regions of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: studies of law, expertise, legal act, corruption, methods, legislation, conclusion, convention, project, state

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2019.1.28634

Abstract: The subject of this research is the analysis of population assessment of the risks and security threats in the following regions of the Russian Federation: Altai Krai, Amur Oblast, Astrakhan Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, Tyva Republic, and Khabarovsk Krai. In the course of this study, the authors determine the main threats to social security of the Russian State, as well as the key social issues of separate regions; acquire the population assessments of personal security and content with the different aspect of life. Special attention is given to identification of the peculiarities of perception of personal security in the context of socioeconomic wellbeing of the territory. The main research methods are the analysis of statistical data and questionnaire-based survey conducted in 2018 in six regions of the Russian Federation. According to the acquired data, the state of security is determined on one hand by the threats to social security of national scale, typical to all subjects; and on the other hand – the specific problems of social security of a particular region, substantiated by its unique geopolitical and socioeconomic status. The materials can be applies in forecasting and modelling of the social risks and security threats in the modern Russian society.

Keywords: regional problems, region, population, personal security, social security, security, socio-economic situation, social risk, security threat, social problems

Abstract: This article of K.V. Cherkasov is devoted to the third stage of development of the institution of the Plenipotentiaries of the President of the Russian Federation within the Federal Districts. This period starts from the Ukaz of the President of the Russian Federation N. 696 of July 9, 1997, and lasts until the Ukaz of the President of the Russian Federation N. 849 of May 13, 2000. This period can be characterized as time of crisis of the system of state government and territorial government and search for the way out of the crisis.

Abstract: The article is devoted to anti-corruption measures in the bodies of authority and management. The author points out the problems of formation of legal and organizational grounds of implementation of anti-corruption legislation. The author also suggests certain changes in current legislation regulating prohibitions and restrictions for state civil and municipal offi cials as well as changes in the Federal Law ‘On State Civil Service of the Russian Federation’ and the Federal Law ‘On Municipal Service in the Russian Federation’ in order to improve the legal mechanism of behavior of state civil and municipal offi cials. Moreover, the article suggests to reinforce punishment for offi cials who violated legislation regulating enforcement of prohibitions and restrictions.

Keywords: studies of law, corruption, prohibition, restriction, state, municipal, civil, offi cial, responsibility, regulation.

Abstract: The article views the problem of the risk of addiction to bad habits (for instance, chemical abuse such as drugs, alcohol, gambling and etc.) from the point of view of social studies and philosophy. The author proves that the addiction phenomenon is a true threat both for the society and each person – victim of such a risk.

Keywords: risk, addiction, risky, dependence, addict, alcohol, gambling.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2018.2.25268

Abstract: Exercising of the general legal principle of “humanism” in penal system with regards to the disabled convicts is one of the conditions that promote the prevention of recurrent crimes among them. This article is dedicated to implementation of the federal program “Accessible Environment” for disabled persons in detention facilities. The author considers the practice in certain subjects of the Russian Federation on increasing indexes of accessibility of the objects of penal system pertinent to disabled persons. The article analyses the issues of rehabilitation of the disabled, treatment facilities, employment and education within the correctional facilities. The author carries out a comparative analysis of the overall count of disabled convicts kept in the correctional facilities and serving sentence from 2006 to 2017, including those capable to work on medical authority and the number of the employed disabled convicts. As a result of this study, the author determines the key problems emerging in employment of the disabled convicts that serve sentence; suggests the methods for preventing crimes among the disabled convicts; concludes that correctional impact with regards to disabled convicts must be exercised with consideration of international standards and lean on the need for providing assistance under the conditions of isolation and after discharge for the purpose of preventing recidivism.

Keywords: humanization of legislation , social protection, abilitation, rehabilitation, employment of convicts, detention, accessible environment, disabled convicts, resocialization of convict, prevention of crimes

Abstract: In the list of more than 30 laws, of which T.V. Zlotnikova was involved in drafting as a Vice-Chairperson, and then a Chairperson of the Ecological Committee of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law “On the Ecological Expertise” takes a special place. It was the only project, which was drafted by a single person, which is a rare case in legislative practice of any state. The article also includes analysis of the first decade of its application.

Abstract: The article contains an analysis of legal regulation of monitoring of financial stability of credit organizations. The author makes a conclusion about the need in banking regulation and supervision bodies moving away from a traditional monitoring of observation of banking legislation in the framework of prudential regulation to a maximum assessment of banking risks by credit organizations themselves. In order to ensure security of a national banking system, it is necessary for the Bank of Russia to carry out a continuous and complex monitoring over the condition and dynamics of development of the banking sector. It is underlined that preventive determination of problems in the process of monitoring of banking risks and proper management decisions ensure stability of the banking sector of economics and security of the national banking system.

Keywords: law, banking security, credit organizations, banking supervision, statutory requirements, financial stability, reporting, bank exposure, Bank of Russia.

Abstract: In major U.S. regulations and legislation in European countries the information and network security is understood as the ability to network or system to cope with this level of reliability accidents or malicious acts that could affect the availability, integrity and confi dentiality of stored or transmitted information and services through a network or information System. Compliance is defi ned as the availability of security, authentication, integrity and confi dentiality of information. Particular attention is paid to the legal framework affecting the issues to intercept and decrypt information.

Keywords: regulation, information security, system availability, integrity, confi dentiality, identifi cation and legality

Abstract: The article provides the results of the analysis of basic challenges and perspectives of establishment of Russia of the national strategy and its own cultural and civilization model of political management of modern international confl icts based on national technologies of information and psychological infl uences on confl icts, collective and individual consciousness of the world society.

Keywords: political science, national security, foreign policy, international relations, political confl icts, management of international confl icts, psychological technologies, psychological operations, media war, information policy.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the internatinal law cooperation between foreign states and European Union member states in the sphere of prevention of crime caused by illegal migration. Foreign citizenship must not be the basis for restriction of the main human rights but at the same time illegal presence of a major number of illegal migrans in the country provides grounds for the security authorities to take strong measures for the migration.

Keywords: security, State, commonwealth, migration, perspective, resorts, process, criminal, development, citizenship, society.

Abstract: This article focuses on the concept of «criminal consequences». The paper considers the concept of «criminal implications», form, composition, and its species.

Keywords: signifi cant harm, the consequences of crimes qualifying feature, the qualifi cations of criminal acts, dangerous act, aggravating the consequences of crime.

Abstract: This article describes the results of comparative political analysis of the leading models of international conf lict management performed by the USA and European Union with reference to each other as well as with reference to the most powerful oriental models, Middle East and East Asian. The author also defines the differences and similarities between the Western and Eastern concepts of international conf lict management.

Keywords: political science, pubic security, foreign policy, international relations, political conflicts, international conflict management, psychological technologies, psychological operations, media war, diplomacy.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2017.8.23858

Abstract: The object of this study is the category of "extremism". The subject of this study is the scientific, political, and legal approaches towards the nature, structure, and content of this definition contained in the domestic and foreign theoretical and specialized works. The source base leans on the most popular academic dictionaries and encyclopedias, as well as scientific articles, conference theses and dissertations. The article proves that the ambiguity of interpretations of the category of "extremism" significantly reduces its practical application in the course of pre-investigation, investigative, and judicial activities. The result of the study lies in determination of the marked in the politological and juridical literature general theoretical characteristics and particular features of extremism as a political-legal phenomenon, which will assists to the law enforcement agencies and judicial bodies in adequate qualification of the crimes of extremist nature.

Keywords: law enforcement agencies, identity, ideology, characteristics of extremism, Russian Federation, terrorism, radicalism, extremism, category of extremism, investigative activities

Abstract: The article is devoted to the ratio of scheduled and unscheduled inspections as well as potential forms of such inspections when carrying out state control (supervision) and municipal control of entrepreneurship.

Keywords: law, supervisory body, entity which carries out entrepreneurial activity, forms of inspection, unscheduled inspection, on-site inspection, supervision, individual entrepreneur, legal entity, municipal control.

Abstract: V.V. Krasinsky’s article concerns the study of current Russian legislation and international provisions on the issues of citizenship within the framework of national security of the Russian Federation, as well as topical modern tendencies. In particular, the author reviews the issues of citizenship related to the union between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Byelorus, offers possible solutions.

Abstract: The overview of the legal regulation of information security in Russia is provided. It reflects the way that the new Russia was held over the last of two decades on the way to the information society and to establish a system of legal regulation of information security. The negative things of the legal regulation of information security are identified today, and there is a positive trend of increasing an attention to the problem of information security by the government. The increasing development of information activities, introduction of information and communications technologies in society increase the risk of information security. The legal regulation of this field should be improved according to the information in a timely manner, changes in the State and in the world.

Keywords: information security, globalization, national security, information society, information systems, law, information law.

Abstract: This article by W. Lawrence Fitch contains critical analysis of the above-mentioned practical guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association on mental retardation and capital punishment due to application of the decision of the Supreme Court of the USA in the case of Atkins v. Virginia. As Professor Fitch notes, while the practical guidelines are timely and well-formulated, they are, perhaps, too narrow, which may bear a negative influence on the American judicial practice.

Abstract: The article analyzes imprisonment as one of the basic forms of punishment in pre-revolutionary Russia. The authors of the article describe transformations of the system of imprisonment at the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th centuries. Big part of the article is devoted to the t ypes of prisons, the system of management and everyday life in a prison. The authors also discuss the issue on participation of a society in a control over prisons, status of officers at punitive organizations and the results of the General Prison Instruction 1915.

Keywords: law, prison, convict, punishment, restraint, colony, prisoner, criminal, hard labor (penal law), banishment.

Abstract: As the author of this article points out, among the characteristic features of the Russian civilization process there have always been hypertrophied role of the state power in relation the the Russian society and on-going reforms throughout many periods of Russian history. What are the sources of these peculiar features of the Russian statehood and how do they influence the development of Russia?

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2017.12.24888

Abstract: The subject of this research is the scientific substantiation of the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation. The problem of global climate change, primarily its temperature characteristics, is relevant for the modern science and practice. It is defined by the need for forecasting of consequences of the climatic changes for the natural environment and society. The crucial in examination and forecasting of climate change is the question about the factors causing such changes. The basis of the Russian climate policy lies in the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation that includes the acknowledgment of capability of the anthropogenic factor to influence the climate system of the Earth. The publication leans on the analytical studies of the conducted by the author calculations of the impact of solar radiation upon Earth, results of geophysical research, and analysis of the normative documents pertinent to the climate policy of the Russian Federation. It is demonstrated that the global climate change are determined by the natural factor, the key of which is the shift in the angle of Earth’s axis. Due to receiving of new data about climate, the accepted as a scientific substantiation position on capability of the anthropogenic factor to influence the climate system, appears to be erroneous and constituting a threat to sustainable development and security of the Russian Federation. Thus, necessitates making corrections in the scientific substantiation of the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: National security, sustainable development, adjustment, scientific justification, climate doctrine, causes of climate change, global climate, Climate policy, ecology, Environment

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2017.3.22079

Abstract: The object of this research is the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of soft power. The subject is the use of the Russian language as an instrument of increasing the country’s soft power abroad. In modern realities, the cultural influence of the nation is one of the most important factors of soft power. The paramount part of cultural influence lies in the impact of national language abroad. Therefore, its proliferation is the task of utmost importance, which is executed by such governmental structures RSMD and Rossotrudnichestvo. During the course of this research, the author conducts a comparative analysis of the successful experience of France, Germany, Great Britain, China, and Spain in this field of similar activity, as well as reviews the situation in Russia, considering the “Russian World” concept that creates ideological foundation for such activity. The main conclusion is consists in the need to enhance activity in this direction, which includes the author’s concrete proposal on this matter. It is suggested to expand the financing if Rossotrudnichestvo, and make the basic courses of Russian language for foreigners free. Another suggestion consists in the use of resources of the state mass media for teaching Russian language to the foreigners through Internet, as in Great Britain and Germany. Combination of the proposed measures can strengthen the international cultural influence of Russia, and, hence, increase its soft power. The relevance of this research lies in the importance of soft power of the actors in the modern international arena.

Keywords: international security, national security, cultural security, managed proliferation of language , international influence, national language, national prestige, Soft power, Rossotrudnichestvo, cultural aspects

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2015.2.14424

Abstract: The object of this article is the actual problems of collection, storage, usage and transmission of personal data at the international level with regard to modern judicial practice of precedent-setting legal systems. The authors thoroughly examine such aspects as the need for harmonization not only of international and national but also regional legislations in this sphere. Special attention is paid to the issues of illegal dissemination of personal data. Currently the country with precedent judicial system find the desire to own and dispose of personal data of citizens of other States on formal legal grounds. The protection of the privacy of users of the Internet should be regulated both at the national and international levels. The authors also emphasize the necessity for development and adoption of national laws and international treaties governing rules of gathering information about consumers. The research method is the analysis of political, economic and social processes. The authors have also used the following research methods: scientific methods of cognition as well as logical and historical methods of scientific research. According to the authors, states have not resolved many of the issues of implementation of information processes at the legal, organizational and technical levels. The authors of the article carry out the analysis of individual foreign precedents and conclude that they involve the creation of threats to the security of personal data. Judicial practice of foreign states was the basis for the adoption of amendments to the Russian legislation on personal data regarding the prohibition on the use of personal data of citizens of the Russian Federation by foreign operators of personal data.

Keywords: privacy policy, protection levels, informational law, informational legislation, personal data, foreign economic activity, cross-border information transfer, data bases, dissemination of information, personal data processing

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2015.2.54340

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.2.54021

Abstract: The present article is devoted to a number of issues related to the Russian Federation activities on reinforcing integration processes in the post-Soviet territory and strengthening of CIS as well as building efficient interaction between Commonwealth countries. The author of the article carried out a research of a number of laws and regulations and studied certain measres aimed at reformation of CIS leading institutions. The author also analyzed trends of further development of interaction between Commonwealth countries.

Keywords: state institution, Russian Federation, foreign policy, CIS, political institutions, soft power, Concept of Further Development, Economic Development Strategy.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.2.54022

Abstract: On May 15, 1992 Collective Security Treaty was signed and Collective Security Treaty Organization (SCTO) was crated. The purpose of SCTO is to defend economic territories of the treaty countries through joint efforts of armies and auxiliary units against any external war and political aggressors, international terrorists and major natural disasters. The given article provides the analysis of the main laws and regulatory documents regulating military-technical cooperation between Russia and SCTO member states.

Keywords: legislation, regulations and military-technical cooperation, CSTO member states.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.3.11192

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.3.54203

Abstract: The subject under review in this research article is the legal relations between the subjects of state fire fighting service regarding their settled property. The author of the present research article studies the legal base for formation of the assets of fire fighting subdivisions including provisions of Article 11 of the Federal Law On Fire Safety that have already ceased in effect. Moreover, the author of the article studies legal issues regarding property and assets of subdivisions of voluntary fire guard, particular aspects concerning isolation of these assets and legal consequences of assets being transferred to the account of an individual entity after liquidation of subdivisions of voluntary fire guard. In her research the author uses combination of general and special scientific methods and principles that are usually used to study social relations. In particular, the author uses the methods of induction, deduction, synthesis, analysis and etc. The author also uses special methods offered by the law science such as the historical law method, method of comparative law, dialectical method, logical method, method of systems analysis and so on. The novelty of the present research article is that the author studies the legal status of a subdivision o fire fighting service as a legal entity.

Keywords: protection, property, subdivision, fight fighting, security, economic management, daily management, state institution, liquidation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.3.54036

Abstract: This article reveals the nature of a radical (reformatory) approach to globalization. At the present time almost all actors oriented at establishing global order are social movements. However, not all social movements are radical. In fact, social movements cover a whole range of ideologies, from movements promoting peace and liberal democracy to movements that support communist or even neo-fascist’s ideas. However, alterglobalists and anti-globalists still make unique and separate phenomena typical for only a given type of actors.

Keywords: global issues, globalism, globalist, alterglobalists, ideology, liberal approach, strategies of global management, international relations, world policy, interests, values, actors.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.4.11984

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.4.54213

Abstract: The article is devoted to peculiarities of proving facts during pre-trial proceedings in criminal causes of illegal crossing of the State Border of the Russian Federation. The author substantiates a statement that criminal acts provided for in Article 322 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation have a specifi c set of circumstances that are typical for commitment of such an act. The author offers his own defi nition of the term ‘particular facts to be proved’. Out of all the main threats to interests and security of the Russian Federation in borderline cases, the author emphasizes activities performed by international terrorist and extremist organizations to move their emissaries and terror facilities as well as to conduct diversions and to encourage trans-border criminal groups. Legal regulations set forth by the federal legislation and departmental legal acts applicable to activity performed by border authorities of the Federal Security Service of Russia do not regulate particular peculiarities of law-enforcement activity fully. In pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases of illegal crossing of the State Border of the Russian Federation particular facts to be proved can be defi ned as a set of circumstances established by criminal law and specifi ed by criminal procedure law, typical for illegal crossing of state border and subject to determination in the process of pre-trial investigation in order for the fi nal procedural decision to be made.

Keywords: studies of law, state border, Russian Federation, illegal crossing, particular facts to be proven, pre-trial proceedings, international terrorism, extremism, border authorities of the Federal Security Service of Russia, federal legislation, powers of judicial authorities.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.4.11840

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.4.54214

Abstract: The article is devoted to the legal grounds of struggle against organized crime in the sphere of illegal drug traffi cking in drug dens. Many researchers have dedicated their work to studying organized forms of crime as a negative social phenomenon and associated response measures in general. However, organized criminal activity related to creation or maintenance of drug dens as a system element of social relations with internal and external communications has not been studied in a form of a monograph before. The subject under review is the functioning mechanisms of organized groups and criminal communities (associations) that are related to creation or maintenance of drug dens, criminal activity performed by such organizations and their participants, internal and external interactions arising in the course of such criminal activity and changes thereto under the infl uence of different response measures. The study of the legal nature of phenomena related to creation or maintenance of drug dens as well as particular gaps in applicable legislation and problems of law enforcement practice appears to be important to further struggle against this negative social phenomenon. The object of research is the organized groups, organized communities (criminal associations) that are related to creation or maintenance of drug dens and teir activity. Based on the results of the research, the author defi nes directions for improving the struggle against organized drug-related crime including undertaking certain measures at the legislative level.

Keywords: society, organized crime, drug den, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, violation, criminality, violation of law, drug traffi cking, law enforcement authorities.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.4.54049

Abstract: The article analyzes social, psychological and political preconditions for the development of terrorism in a risk society environment. Certain aspects of mass communication functionality, in the context of global spread of information technology within social space and the complexity of social evaluation of risks, enable the leaders of terrorist organizations to produce informational and psychological impact on society in order to involve young people into terrorist activity. The author lays out the prospects of further research, the necessity of which is dictated by the need of perfecting the methods of preventing terrorism in a defined social and historic environment.

Keywords: sociology, terrorism, society, risk, globalization, interaction, information, communication, assumptions, media discourse

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.5.54065

Abstract: The article examines the issues of food security, which do not recede, but escalateas the society develops. Issues of production, distribution, trade and consumption of food are quite pressing in many countries across the globe. The author substantiates the necessity for solving this issue via investing into food security. On the example of Russian regions, the author demonstrates the importance of capital investment into food security.

Keywords: Sociology, food, population, famine, government support, programs, production, consumption, investment, region

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.6.54080

Abstract: This research is dedicated to the issues of demographic, ethnic and cultural security in high-migration conditions. The author shows prospective opportunities for inter-government and inter-regional collaboration in ensuring such security. Foreign experience is very indicative as far as respect for human rights goes. Russia is developing its own style of legal regulation of foreigner ’s legal status, taking into account the globally-accepted standards. In the early XXI-th century, CIS countries have set on the path to develop their unique approach to human rights enforcement, and their work is yet to be completed.

Keywords: Jurisprudence, state, individual, society, politics, resource, community, migration, security, process

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.7.2429

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.7.54094

Abstract: The author provides a definition of ‘compulsory medical treatment’ as a category restricting one’s rights and being of significant importance for a society as a measure of social security and protection.

Keywords: political studies, rights, human, treatment, compulsory (forced), security, protection, society, responsibility, restriction.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.8.12890

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.8.54262

Abstract: Security issues and effi cient safety enforcement are in the focus of attention of modern science, both natural science and socio-humanitarian disciplines. Most researches emphasize mostly the institutional approach that analyzes the role of different state and social institutions in achieving social security. However, values and standards lying in the basis of security enforcement are an important moment to discover as well. In addition, in his research E. Popov pays special attention to studying the phenomenon of social security in antrosocietal and culturecentered aspects. The culture-centered approach (including axiological approach in the fi rst place) allows to view the security issue in a different light and to show to role of culture and values and moral standards in security enforcement. Social security is understood as a certain state of interaction between society, human, state institution and culture that allows to achieve the positive state of all actors and objects of social reality. Such approach to social security allows to considerably expand the socio-cultural ‘horizon’ of above mentioned researches and create more effi cient methods of security enforcement in the society.

Keywords: Security, social (public) security, society, security enforcement, culture, national security, danger, values, standards, state institution.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2014.8.54263

Abstract: The article concerns new social mobilities in terms of practices of informant security enforcement. A social actor responsible for information security, on one hand, provides for protection of information and protection against information and, on the other hand, develops the orientation at the external information environment because his resources need to be constantly renovated under the conditions of changing social reality. In these circumstances the intensity of renovation of information resources is constantly increasing according to the growing intensity of information fl ows which, in its turn, leads to faster deterioration of information. In these circumstances the mobility practices are good security practices. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research includes social-philosophical and sociological theories. In particular, T. Vladimirova uses the concept of social mobility offered by John Urry and the theory of the object-centered sociality introduced by Karin Knorr-Cetina. New mobility practices that constitute today’s network and fl ow mythology of the social world are viewed by the researcher as general practices of information security enforcement. The concept of their organization is partially revealed through the ideas of channels, tunnels and fl ows in John Urry’s works. T. Vladimirova notes that new mobilities need to be understood and used as practices of information security enforcement of national forces under the conditions of a growing number of fl ows and networks. The essential aspect of new mobilities is a high intensity of communication demonstrated in the pace and variety of interactions. Noteworthy that a typical attribute of new mobilities is the objectualization of relations and the appearance of the ‘object-centered reality’ (Karin Knorr-Cetina’s term).

Keywords: New mobility practices, information security enforcement, high intensity of communication, object-centered sociality, channels, tunnels, flows, networks, general security practices, network security practices.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2015.9.15755

Abstract: The subject of the research is social security. The handlings of this phenomenon mainly concern the mechanisms of provision of this sort of security by the state. Modern social and humanitarian science often understands social security as a condition of the society when various social, political and economic threats are overcome, and thus, society, individuals and state cooperate harmoniously. In the meantime, social security should also be considered in its sociocultural aspect. This is what the present article focuses on. The main methodological point of view of the considered topic is sociocultural approach which allows to study social security as a part of a system of values and norms. The main conclusions of the conducted research are as follows: 1) social security should be considered not only from the point of view of sociocentrism (as a phenomenon that provides social stability), but also from the point of view of sociocultural approach (as a phenomenon that contributes to the full-fledged interaction of society, individuals, state and culture); 2) culture-centric vector of study of social security in modern science allows to disclose value and norm "potential" of the present subject of study.

Keywords: security, social security, cognition, norms, values, sociology, society, culture, science, sociocultural aspect

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2015.9.54445

Keywords: security, social security, cognition, norms, values, sociology, society, culture, science, sociocultural aspect

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.12.10328

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0684.2013.12.54161

Abstract: The subject matter of the author’s research is the definition and the main forms of corruption in the Russian Federation. The target of the research is to study public opinion on corruption and their correlation with the particular urban environment. The authors of the article have conducted a comparative analysis of a number of opinion surveys including the surveys carried out in Vladivostok and Yekaterinburg from 2004 to 2013. Special attention is paid to the problem of trust and mistrust of citizens towards the government when they deal with corruption, gender attitudes to corruption, thelevel of tolerance towards corruption demonstrated by future experts in the sphere of state and municipal administration. The authors use the following methods to study the aforesaid problem: sociological method (including surveys and interviews), standard and comparative methods. By using such system methodology, the authors have managed to define and describe forms of corruption represented in public opinions of Russian citizens living in Vladivostok and Yekaterinburg. The following causes of weakened social order in terms of corruption have been defined by respondents in all aforesaid public surveys: 1. Weakmachineryofgovernmentanditsgradualdestruction. 2. Legal ‘romanticism’ of modern law-makers and state officials fighting with corruption. 3. Demolition of personal retrains related to the level of public consciousness and destruction of traditions and morals. 4. Disintegration of the system of state control as a result of corruption. 5. HiddenlevelofcorruptioninYekaterinburgcompared to Vladivostok due to professionalization of urban area in a highly developed industrial region of Russia.