Philosophy and Culture - rubric Axiology: values and relics

Abstract: In the first place, globalization processes deal with intensified penetration of the international “walls”, raised role of transnational transfers of the capital, information, services and human resources, with the newly formed virtual space for communication and global information networks and finally with the new ideology, globalism. Globalization is usually associated with the objective tendency of the transnational corporate economy to arise. With this approach, objective processes of culture globalization are eliminated from both scientific and commonplace senses. Meanwhile, globalization processes do not only become part of this or that country’s culture, but also form new cultural values and personal systems of values. These processes have become the theme for research not only abroad but also in our country.

Keywords: philosophy, axiology, system of values, corporative culture, transnational corporation, globalization.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2018.9.27259

Abstract: The object of this research is the cultural values as a specific phenomenon that is especially relevant for the modern humanitarian thought. The concept of “value” has been studied since the period of Antiquity. However, it still does not have a universal definition. The added to the term predicate “cultural” amplifies the meaning of the considered concept. In this publication, the examined phenomenon is explained by the combination of the material object and the ideals (universalities) of spiritual content. Methodological foundation includes the objective-absolutistic approach that allows viewing the values as the certain atemporal, translated ideals; as well as the axiological approach that interprets culture as an integrated set of values. The scientific novelty lies in reconsideration of classification methods of the object at hand. In particular, the author concludes that the cultural values can be divided into not only panhuman and culture-specific, but also secular and religious ideals, ways of interpretation and acquisition, communicators (translators) and recipients (consumers) that also differ in their nature.

Keywords: value transmitting, universals, ideals, religious culture, secular culture, national character, cultural identity, cultural values, values, cultural and historical experience

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.7.6862

Abstract: Axiological aspects of Petersburg culture appears to be very important and significant when we talk about the Silver Age of the Russian culture. In this article Petersburg is considered to be an important element in the process of ‘reconstruction of historical styles’ by the artists belonging to the World of Art union while Petersburg culture is seen as a field of an original cultural experiment where the artistic tradition is closely connected with a search for a new artistic language.

Keywords: cultural studies, St. Petersburg, World of Art, Petersburg style, cultural, space, school, graphics, landscape

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2021.11.37047

Abstract: This article elucidated the phenomenon of solidarity from the perspective of value-semantic characteristic. The existing research on solidarity focus attention on the social nature and social aspects of the formation and development of this phenomenon. However, this is insufficient to get a clear picture of the factors that determine the solidary interaction of individuals: sacred values, values of the good, historical memory, etc. Examination of solidarity from such perspective allows developing such independent avenue of research as axiology of solidarity, etc. The main conclusions acquired in the course of studying solidarity as the cultural phenomenon consists in the following statements: 1) values are the determinants of solidarity, although the type of values (political, ideological, social) are of little significance; 2) solidarity is rather associated with universal values that are present in each culture, regardless of its national distinctness; 3) special role in studying solidarity is played by the empirical techniques that allow specifying the value aspects of manifestations of solidarity in various social groups and communities, as well as sociocultural systems

Keywords: society, consolidation, culture, knowledge, universal value, knowledge about society, cultural phenomenon, solidarity, values, activism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2024.1.68838

Abstract: The subject of the study is the figurative and symbolic reflection and transformation of the dynamic reality of life in the cinematic space of modern culture. The purpose of the work is to identify and substantiate trends in the development of cinematographic cultural texts based on the figurative and symbolic representation of the phenomenon of success in the existential space of human existence. The scientific novelty of the work is represented by the evidence base of the study, which determines the figurative correspondence of the philosophical and sociological representation of cinematic texts to the phenomenon of success as a value-symbolic aspect of personal activity. Based on the analysis of cinema screen products created at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries and devoted to the characterization of the image of a subject whose existential level of being is characterized in the symbols of success/ failure, several trends in the development of cinematic culture can be identified. Firstly, the characteristic of the "sunset" of the previously dominant ideological trend of symbolization of the actual phenomenology of success. Secondly, the stage of axiological instability and ambivalence in the evaluation of the symbols of success, unevenly implemented in the scenario and staging part. And, thirdly, the formation and consolidation of new cinematic paradigms through the constant convergence of private symbols of success, manifested in different ways both in reality and on the cinema screen, and accompanied by constant attempts at their non-contextual universalization.

Keywords: manipulation, politics, sociology of downshifting, ideologeme of success, axiology, image of success, cinematography, mass culture, symbolization, phenomenon

Abstract: This is the interview with Alexander Razin, the professor of the department of ethics, philosophical faculty at Moscow State University. In his interview Razin answered the main questions on the essence and nature of ‘moral motivation’.

Keywords: philosophy, set of morals, values, society

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.9.21964

Abstract: This article examines the poetry of O. Sedakova, a representative of the “delayed literature” of 1970’s – 1980’s, through the vector of Plato’s philosophical teaching, which principles – idealism and cosmology – serve to the interpretation and decoding of the artistic imagery, and in a broader sense – poetic world model. The poetry book “Garden Of The Universe” by O. Sedakova archetypically submerges into the context of “Divine Comedy” by Dante, lyrical cycle “Wild Roses In Bloom” by A. Akhmatova, poetry of the Stoic-“Sixtier” A. Kushner. The works of the poet reflect reminiscences of the Golden Age of Russian literature, as well as Biblical and folklore archetypes. The article meticulously differentiates the genre system of creative works of O. Sedakova, as well as traces the specificity of cross-cultural communication of the traditional and “Renaissance” acmeism (neo-acmeism). The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the works of the insufficiently studied poet neo-Acmeist, representative of the “delayed literature” of 1980’s, is examined and analyzed multifacetedly, in light of the mechanism of cultural memory, as the synthesis of form and content, through the prism of philosophy and culturology. Conclusion is made that the works of O. Sedakova is utterly ontological. Platonic idea of the Good as a culmination of his idealism, transforms into the recreated by the poet-Demiurge Cosmos of the new Garden of the Universe. The author analyzes the character of correlation of the author with the created by him Universe (Good, Cosmos) base on the three types of relations: imitation, belonging, and presence. The poetic world model of O. Sedakova is formed as a synthesis of the elements of classical Russian literature, acmeism, neo-acmeism, and the emerging existentialism of the Russian type (“mystery of subconsciousness”). Thus, the generation of the “delayed literature” develops an external “concentric circle” of neo-acmeism, as well as creates the “metaphysical poetry”, the priority of which is given to the continuously realized quotation dialogue with the classical texts and remarkable sense of historicism. O. Sedakova’s book of poems became the so-called imagery-philosophical realization of the Absolute, “The City of God”. The connection between the past and the future from apocalyptic, existential, unembodied present, demiurgical revival of the new Being from the point of no return, bifurcation – will be the crucial creative strategy of the art and philosophical-cultural paradigm of neo-acmeism of the 1980’s – 1990’s.

Keywords: Cosmos, Good, Synchronic-reminiscent chronotope, Plato’s idealism, Demiurge, Neo-acmeism, Classical heritage, Garden of Eden, Garden, Universe

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2020.9.33986

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of the meaning of life in Russian philosophy and in perception of modern students. Based on the analysis of essays on the topic “The problem of the meaning of life in Russian philosophy and personal perspective on the problem” written by the students of Altai State University, it was determined that the students understand the positions of Russian philosophers in this regard, accept or reject certain points of view described in their philosophical works. Main attention is given to the personal perspective of students on the meaning of life. The article compares the results of analysis of the essays with sociological research presented in the literature. The author revels the life-meaning orientations of modern student youth and their stance on one of the fundamental problems of Russian philosophy. Freedom in choosing the path of life, and right to seek their meaning in life, fulfilling of personal creative potential, good intentions – these are the ideas of Russian philosophers most affined to modern students. The students expressed both negative and positive opinions on the writings of Russian philosophers, which is an expected result of comprehension of a profound topic and attempt at self-determination in modern realties.

Keywords: worldview, self-realization, creativity, students, youth, Russian philosophy, life-meaning orientations, the meaning of life, Man, culture

Abstract: The author of the article shows that the deepest roots of power sacralization in a modern Russian society are the historical peculiarities of culture formation. The peculiarities of formation of democracy in Russia are explained in the same way, too. As the experience of Russian history shows, active participation of citizens in the democratic process and their trust towards the government depend on the ability of government agencies solve the problems affecting interests of millions of people at all levels.

Keywords: philosophy, culture, democracy, Christianity, Orthodoxy, state, values, justice, management, belief.

Abstract: The author analyzes the problem of relation between Christian religious values which has been formed in Europe over the last dozens of years, and axiological stereotypes of classical science represented by such famous people as Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler. The author suggests new interpretation of the reason for disagreements between the first theological and scientific concepts. Based on concrete examples, the author shows that scientists did not only try to define the objective truth but also coordinated with the Hole Scripture.

Keywords: philosophy, values, Christianity, scientists, theology, mind, belief, truth, science, dialogue.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.17292

Abstract: An ambiguous reaction upon the global changes taking place in the world encourages interest towards the moral elements of the political culture, which contain the “spirit” of one or another nation. For better understating of the foundations of the Russian political culture, which place a more significant role on the global arena, the notion of “absolute good” developed by the Russian religious philosophers becomes essential. Under the difficult current situation, it is important to determine the fundamental essences of this notion, which define the conditions and possibilities of their implementation within the modern politics. Russian religious philosophers attributed kindness with the absolute value which coincides with God, as well as with absolute values of beauty, truth, freedom, creation of a perfect society. The main condition for the absolute good – love for God, nature, people, Motherland. The lack of such love results in the “moral evil”, a relative value and a cause of human struggles, segregation, conflicts, and disasters. Strengthening of the intercultural relations and escalation of international conflicts, increases attention towards the notion of “tolerance” which contends for ethical universalism. However, criticism of this notion denies in absolute value. The meaning of “absolute good” in different countries leave many questions, but the leading Russian politicians claim as the foundation of their work, traditional perceptions of love, good and evil, higher powers that unite people and religions from all over the planet. This awakens hope for achieving order and agreement in the political, as well as other spheres of our life.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.1.67434

Keywords: absolute and relative, good and evil, Russian religious philosophers, Russia, modernity, political culture, love, tolerance, traditional values, world order

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2024.3.70081

Abstract: The article pays special attention to the identification of the heuristic potential of theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of spiritual culture, which has a pronounced ethnoregional specificity. In this case, we mean the spiritual culture of the Greater Altai. A value-normative approach and a systematic approach are considered, and other research perspectives are evaluated. The key point is to assess the possibilities of applying an interiorization approach that allows us to present a specific ethno-regional culture in its integrity and unity of meanings. This approach is proposed to be used to study the processes of sacralization and symbolization of human individual and collective existence, occurring through the experience of cultural bearers. This perspective of the study is aimed at conceptualizing experience, but also involves an appeal to traditions, rituals, religion and mythology. However, their analysis is carried out precisely through an assessment of experience. The main methodology of the research is related to the need to present the ethnoregional culture of the Greater Altai in its value-semantic and holistic development. The main results of the study are the following provisions formulated in the article: 1) the problematization of the study of ethnoregional culture unfolds in the direction of its value-semantic reception, which implies the use of an appropriate angle of study; 2) the specificity of ethnoregional culture is formed not only in the ratio of its traditional values and norms, but also in establishing the foundations of its integrity and consistency, therefore, for analysis, such an approach is important, which allows you to reveal these points; 3) to assess the identity of culture, its systemic integrity, it is necessary to use an interiorization approach aimed at identifying the trinity of God - World - Man in the spiritual culture of the Greater Altai; 4) the social and existential experience of cultural bearers, and not only, for example, religion and mythology, should be the subject of research within the framework of the proposed interiorization the approach.

Keywords: the axiological approach, cultural traditions, methodological approaches, theoretical approaches, methodology, values and norms, spiritual culture, Big Altai, social experience, The existential experience

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2023.4.40388

Abstract: The historical factors as well as the units of the cultural knowledge which are considered to have provided Chateaubriand’s books, and “The Genius of Christianity” in particular, with the success and the content are the subject of the present article. The following historical reasons which attracted the readers’ attention to the book have been defined: the disappointment of the society with the atheistic ideals of the revolution, the need for religious cult restoring, the authorities’ desire to stop strife in the country and build relationships with Catholic Europe. The semantic content of the work also contributed to its popularity because it responded to the request of finding logic in the religion, had an emotional impact and dealt with the relevant issues of the morality by means of the cultural category of sinfulness. Scientific novelty of the research implies the following: the cultural category of sinfulness objectified in F.R. Chateaubriand’s book “The Genius of Christianity” having been analyzed for the first time as well as the author’s approach to the understanding and cultural information streamlining having been identified. More over cultural-historical factors promoting the book’s prominence among Chateaubriand’s contemporaries have been studied. The author’s using rational way while explaining the basis of the sin, resorting to the strict argumentation and the evidence-based methods, denying religious irrationality have been set. The conducted research has shown the key factors leading to the book’s relevance: the society’s necessity of the religion revival, the authorities’ support of this tendency specified by the political environment.

Keywords: cultural category, Napoleon, Chateaubriand, sinfulness, religion, French Revolution, french literature, cultural studies, XIX century, Decalogue

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.5.14168

Abstract: The subject of the research is the phenomenon of the development of symbols of success in the culture of persoality and socio-cultural environment or, in other words, the phenomenon of the sociocultural process of symbolizing success. The object of the research is the social communication. The author examines the aspects of the problem such as the procedural nature of the phenomenon of success as demonstrated by the variability of the philosophical and everyday contents. Particular attention is given to the problems of the research carried out at the intersection of phenomenology, hermeneutics, semiotics and communication theory. That allows to synthesize the author's cultural views within the framework of the interdisciplinary research. The research methodology is based on the synthesis of philosophy and phenomenological observations in humanities. Generally speaking, the article is of the discriptive nature and simply defines the problem. The main conclusion of the research is the statement that it is possible and important to study the process of symbolizing success as a social and cultural phenomenon. It is the problem definition of studying symbols of success from the point of view of their immanent procedurality that causes the novelty of the author's scientific approach and dictates the development of new methods of cultural analysis of the social and cultural life phenomena.

Keywords: success and totalitarianism, success and anarchy, cultural, axiology of success, socio-cultural process, phenomenology of success, symbols of success, social and cultural dynamics, social communication, social time

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.5.66520

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.7.62945

Abstract: The article contains a review of modern Russian researches devoted to categorical analysis and philosophical-cultural research of the terms ‘value’ and ‘cultural value’. The topic about cultural values is proved to be important for our modern Russian philosophy of culture and theory of culture. According to the author of the article, it would be perspective to conduct the kind of researches that would search for the solution of the axiological crisis of modern Russian culture. The author also makes an assumption that Heinrich Rickert’s philosophy of culture could help to find the conceptual and methodological grounds for the supposition that cultural values are the priority in all spheres of existence of a modern Russian society. The author also points out that cultural values have a transcendental existence in culture.

Keywords: cultural studies, cultural values, ideals, axiology, Heinrich Rickert, methodology of culture, methods, humanitarian sciences, theory of culture, individualizing method.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.7.12332

Abstract: In his article Ilyin critically re-evaluates individualism as the main value advertised by consumer culture. The researcher analyzes the connection between the growth of individualistic attitudes and the decline of moral values. Individualism is being viewed as themain factor of social automization and deconsolidation. The following hypothesis is being proved: 1) individualism leads to the loss of family values, solidarity, patriotism, interest towards politics and socially important issues that stand above an individual; 2) individuation is associated with the substitution of serious social issues with personal interest. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research involves recent researches of Russian scientists working in the sphere of sociocultural and cultural-philosophical approaches. Individualism is the main value of consumer culture. According to the author, the growth of individualistic practices has a destructive influence on personal and social existence. Consumer culture cannot be considered to be an affluent or morally healthy type of culture. The author of the article also touches upon the problems of the dialectics of the individual and collective in culture and postulates the principle of unity between the personal and the social.

Keywords: consumer culture, individualism, good morals, deconsolidation , atomization, consumer society, value, collectivism, individuation, freedom

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.7.66789

Keywords: consumer culture, individualism, good morals, deconsolidation, atomization, consumer society, value, collectivism, individuation, freedom

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.11.5102

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.11.63549

Abstract: The present article contains an essay about philosophy, creativity and art; the power and the value of the representational thinking and word; linkage between philosophy and poetics; and the truth as a presentation of beauty. The essay is based on the idea that creative proportion is learnt through the content of existence and connects philosophers, poets, authors, artists, sculptors and architects. The author of the article neither proves nor disproves the existence of truth. The author does not describe particular features of truth, either. The essay is devoted to a special attitude to the faith in truth and the apparent value of such faith for unlocking the potentials of consciousness. The author does not think it is important to focus on a literal reading and pronunciation of a Greek word. Nevertheless the author does not claim that his author’s translation is true. In this research, Aletheia is a symbol of open and heuristic knowledge and intentional truth.

Keywords: philosophy, aletheia, truth, beauty, wisdom, creativity, impression, expression, intention, proportion.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.12.18120

Abstract: The subject of this research is the understanding of the category of “good” in philosophy of Plato, Aristotle, and Stoic Zeno. The author examines the establishment of praxeological perception of the value relation in philosophy of the modern era. Realization of the new task of the research suggest resolution of the question regarding nature and essence of the value relation, as well as place of the unconscious reasoning in formation of the existential being. It is necessary to illustrate the causes for establishment of the peculiar ancient perception of good as the highest “idea” of being overall, as well as formation of the content of the notion of “value” in the New European philosophy. The main conclusion consists in the following position: in ancient worldview, a man did not create the world around himself, but rather God, nature, and logos through the man, who instead of consolidation of his authority over nature, was forced to subordinate to the compulsion of necessity. The author also presents the idea that value is the attribute of any subject of existential being, because the soul embodies its immanent demands within them, as well as creates them as the tool for realization of telos.

Keywords: Being, Telos, Axiology, Unconscious, Value relation, Good, Aristotle, Plato , Stoicism, Value

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.12.68513

Keywords: Being, Telos, Axiology, Unconscious, Value relation, Good, Aristotle, Plato, Stoicism, Value

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.12.7350

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.12.63607

Abstract: From the point of view of geocultural studies, the Ukraine is the part of so called ‘Macro-Christian World’. This type of civilization is characterized by the following features: the unity of all religious beliefs (Christianity) externally and similarity of axiological grounds (values) internally as well as particular historical and geographical integrity. The ‘Ukrainian civilization’ combines elements of both ‘Western’ and ‘Eastern’ civilizations. Taking into account the majority of historical and cultural ‘parameters’, the Ukraine is closer to the Eastern but not Western constituent of the Macro-Christian World. However, the main values (freedom, equality, brotherhood) do not seem so similar at all. Unclear hierarchy of value priorities of the Ukrainian ‘national character’ makes the process of further development rather flexible and the Ukrainian people quite adjustable. The ‘Ukrainian idea’ as a national state project is not only about ‘adjusting’ to a particular scheme or model (either Western or European). It is about creative reframing and adaptation of certain borrowings that have proven to be potentially attractive.