DOI: 10.7256/2306-4595.2014.2.6802

Abstract: The current period of development of Russia is characterized with the greater attention to the issues of development in the social sphere. In the last two decades since the start of the reforms, the social sphere has changed drastically. The social sphere was destatized, and the transfer was made from the survival policy to the development policy in the branches of social sphere with larger and large financing, completion of its legislative basis, etc. Based on the achievements the leaders of the state currently discuss the transfer to the new social policy with the new mechanisms for the civil society to participate in the processes of forming social program, evaluation of their efficiency, formation of real competitive environment in the social sphere, and modern innovative technologies. Currently in Russia, which is a social state, there is no legislatively provided interpretation for the term "social investments". The instruments for administration of the investment process in the social sphere includes normative legal acts, budget, financial and credit mechanisms, and civil society institutions, social standards, norms and normatives. Based on them, the target markers for social development may be formed and priority directions for social policy can be chosen,  cost efficiency can be calculated and the amount of social investments may be established.  Social normatives may be used for formulating the goals for social development and establishing the amount of financial, material and labor resources necessary.  The problem of calculating markers and criteria for the evaluation of efficiency of social investments is one of the most complicated issues within this field of study. 

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4595.2014.2.10265

Abstract: The article concerns the main specificities, positive and negative features of the administration mechanisms of the plan and directive economy in the USSR, as well as the main administration institutions and their role in the Soviet policy. Lately, the positive features of the Soviet administration type are being discussed more and more often. Some discuss it in a nostalgic way, and some have serious scientific interest, and value the achievements of the USSR period, such as the space flights, mass literacy, industrialization, enthusiasm and the superpower status. It is time to revise the past mechanisms and administration methods of the USSR from the point of view of practicability of their use in the current Russian conditions. This study proves that Russia has all necessary chances to use the experience of its past in order to achieve high level of economic development, efficient administration and to return to its superpower status.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4595.2014.2.6246

Abstract: This article is devoted to comparative characteristics of legal regulation of oil and gas mining in the continental shelf in the Federal Republic of Brazil and the Russian Federation, as well as the new Brazilian legislation, strenghening the role of state in this sphere, guranteeing national security and protection of state sovereignty.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4595.2014.2.4544

Abstract: Current Russia is undergoing a transfer to the innovative socially oriented type of development, so understanding and modernization of human capital have special value in it.  Development of human capital plays a decisive role in the long-term social and economic development of the state. Strategic and innovative direction of the state policy should include improvement of its key basic components.

DOI: 10.7256/2306-4595.2014.2.3862

Abstract: The article contans analysis of the correlations between corportate commmunications (PA) and lobbying. The author evaluates their goals and functions, means and mechanisms, as well as their subjects. As a result the author makes a conclusion on non-identical character of these social practices, and differences in their contents.