Abstract: This article is devoted to growing activities of the Arctic states in economic and military spheres aiming to control large territories of the Arctic basin for the further development of transportation ways and natural resources in this region. Special attention is paid to the policy of the USA and Russia in the sphere of support of their national interests in the Arctic region. The main condition for the sustainable development of economics involves its natural resources as its guarantees. This condition shall remain in the near future in spite of intensive search for the alternative energy sources. The methodological basis for the studies involves systemic, systemic structural, geopolitical and cultural civilization approach, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. Thanks to the large amount of the explored hydrocarbons and shorter maritime and airborne ways of communications attracts attention of the developed states and transnational companies. It causes aggravation of disputes regarding limits of economic zones of the Arctic states and activates military activities in this region. At the same time the states outside the Arctic group attempt to gain rights to the development of the Arctic subsoil resources. These factors cause threats to regional stability and security.

Keywords: politics, management, international relations, Arctic region, Russia the Northern Sea Route, the Western pass, natural resources, the USA.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12725

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65315

Abstract: Ethnical discrimination is currently a topical problem in the multinational states of Europe and Northern America. It is one of serious global problems in the development of global political system and the global human civilization in general. Ethnical discrimination manifests itself most acutely in the USA, where there was historically ethnically non-homogenous population, which was divided by the paradigm of North and South. According to the latest studies the Latin Americans form 15 percent of the workforce in the state. The methodological basis for the studies involves systemic, systemic structural, geopolitical and cultural civilization approach, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. It can be easily established that the Latin American Diaspora holds large economic resources. However, in spite of the fact that the USA is a democratic country, where all of the citizens have equal rights, the employers do not rush to take Latin American people to highly qualified positions, even if they have experience and relevant education.

Keywords: politics, management, migration policy, ethnical conflict, Latin American Diaspora, the USA, Mexican border, political communication, security, political regime.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12752

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65316

Abstract: The modern world includes the disparity between formal democratic institutions and cultural, historical, value-oriented tradition, which are historically formed in certain states (societies). The matter of democracies meeting formal procedural requirements, while their democratic nature is dubious, formed new concepts for the description of the changes, which are generally called “democracy with adjectives”. Currently the discourse of “democracies with adjectives” involves over 60 states, and the most detailed discussion is based upon the examples of Latin American states. The methodological basis for the studies involves systemic, systemic structural, geopolitical and cultural civilization approach, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. The article describes the concept of “democracy with adjectives”, providing graphic examples of states, which are involved in this discourse, singling out certain characteristic features typical of these regions, allowing to show regional spread of democracy problems and their configuration, to find out whether certain problems are typical of one group of states, or the problems have no regional dimension.

Keywords: politics, administration, international relations, democracy, political regime, Latin America, democratization, regional spread, interests, security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12726

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65317

Abstract: The intercultural communication serving as a medium between cultures and traditions of various nations and states of the modern world is the foremost important technology of public diplomacy in the XXI century. In late XX and early XXI century Germany has been a key strategic partner of Russia among the EU Member States. In addition, Germany is somewhat like a guide for Russia in the EU. Currently Russian-German cultural cooperation develops progressively and successfully. The methodological basis for the studies involves systemic, systemic structural, geopolitical and cultural civilization approach, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. Russian-German cultural cooperation fits within the strategy of historical reconciliation, which is implemented by both parties, of stimulation of communication among our nations and their in-depth acquaintance with the culture and spiritual values of Russia and Germany. Public diplomacy of Germany is aimed at the formation of the positive image of Germany and spreading the German values in Russia with the help of intercultural communications in order to strengthen strategic partnership between the states.

Keywords: politics, administration, public diplomacy, Germany, strategic cooperation, intercultural communication, Russia, EU, security, political regime.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12616

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65318

Abstract: From the political standpoint the topic of the article is among one of the most actual issues in the sphere of international relations of Russia and other states, specifically, China. Regional relations between the two states play an important role in the formation of integration processes, providing for the economic basis for the formation of the strong Russian-Chinese political alliance, serving as a counterweight to other political unions and associations in the international political arena. Obviously growing political and economic role of the Communist China provides important prerequisites for defining, studies and development of the relations between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China in the regional dimension. Also, Russia and China have common economic and political interests, especially in bordering regions – Siberia and the Far East, which need to be studied. The methodology of studies was formed with the principles of systemic and comparative approaches towards the issue. Evaluation of regional relations between Russia and China within this context allow one to see the development of this matter within the context of dynamically developing and changing political and economic relations. The systemic approach has allowed to evaluate the elements of the Russian-Chinese cooperation as a coherent work of elements within the system of international relations. Russia and China play an important role in the Asian-Pacific region. These bilateral relations have always been taking an important place in the foreign policies of both states, since they share close geographic, geopolitical, geo-economical ties and cultural exchanges due to the historical relations between them. It has to do with the fact that sharpness of the international problems require common measures taken by the two states, calls for finding new mechanisms for cooperation and integration, including those in their regional dimension.

Keywords: center, regions, modernization, industry, potential, natural resources, bordering regions, Russia, China, the Far East.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12723

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65319

Abstract: Today Brazil applies new information communication technologies in order to spread Brazilian values in the world and in the EU in particular in order to guarantee its leadership. One of the directions of the foreign policy of L.I. Lula da Silva has been widening the scope of relations with the EU states, which could form competition for the US in Brazil and provide information support for Brazil within the development of strategic partnership as a result of information and economic pressure from the US. Methodological basis for the study is formed with the systemic, structural-functional, comparative political and cultural civilization approaches, methods of induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, modeling, expert evaluation, observation. Information development of Government and Embassy sites of the Federal Republic of Brazil in order to make their work with the foreign audiences in the states and regions of the EU facilitated the development of the bilateral contacts between the two regions ranging from economic and political projects to scientific an cultural cooperation.

Keywords: politics, management, Brazil, EU, USA, soft power, intercultural communication, political communication, reputation, image.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12724

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65320

Abstract: In the last decade the connection between the USA and India greatly strengthened. Based upon the forecasting method Administration of the President Obama has noted that India shall play an important role in the Indian-Pacific region. However, in order to achieve more reliable cooperation and partnership the leaders of these states should continue the development and strengthening of the bilateral relations via public diplomacy based upon cultural exchange via education and cultural integration. The methodology of studies based upon systemic, structural, functional, comparative political approaches, methods of induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, observation. The public diplomacy of India and USA is based on bilateral cultural exchange. Two important points in the development of bilateral Indian-American relations are education and science. Education and knowledge form an inalienable element of strategic partnership between the two states. The steps in this directions have started in 2009.

Keywords: politics, management, public diplomacy, India, USA, soft power, Internet, political communications, security, image.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12748

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65321

Abstract: There is need for the formation of the new methods for the fighting in the international arena, leading to the formation of the theory of information warfare. An additional impulse for the development of information psychological strife was due to the fact that after the end of the 2nd World War and the formation of the Potsdam – Washington system the world was divided into two large camps, and there was an ideological opposition between them. The combination of the above-said factors as well as the active development of mass media and new communication methods lead to the formation of the new arena for the international politics. It was cyberspace, and it is noted in many works of foreign authors. The methodological basis for the studies was formed with the systemic, structural-functional, comparative historical, comparative political, geopolitical, cultural-civilization methods, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. The goal of the article is to study information psychological influence as a new matter in the political sphere of human life. The goals of this article involve description of the history of development of information warfare and cyber-wars, studying methods, technologies and experience of foreign states. Another important purpose is to single out the differences between the information warfare and classical political campaigns in various directions and analysis of the information warfare and cyberwars from the standpoint of political theory and theory of international relations.

Keywords: politics, management, international relations, information warfare, psychological operation, psychological war, information weapons, political communications, conflict, information security.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12759

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65322

Abstract: This article concerns the problem of instruments of the applied political linguistic studies. The main thesis is that linguistic knowledge is one of efficient instruments for the applied studies in the sphere of political science. The author attempts to study and analyze Chinese news texts regarding a specific crisis situation regarding them as a certain genre of Chinese media texts (from the Russian territory) in order to uncover information communications technologies. The media discourse in the hands of politicians serves as a mighty resource, which is used for the formation of the public opinion, for gaining support of the population. The methodological basis for the studies was formed with the systemic, structural-functional, comparative historical, comparative political, geopolitical, cultural-civilization methods, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. An important condition for achieving political success is substantiated choice of language of communication with the mass audience, which is implemented via the means of mass information and communication. Growing role of language in the public life allows for the growth of purposeful interference into the language practices with the help of special technologies.

Keywords: politics, management, Chinese “New Media”, information warfare, political language studies, media text, political discourse, information opposition, interpretation, security.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12722

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65323

Abstract: In this article the author turns to the history of appearance of the term “information confrontation”, attempting to view and analyze the main concepts of information warfare, revealing the newest technological and information communication achievements in this sphere. Information warfare is performed in the form of information and psychological operations, their main purpose is to guarantee information dominance and dominant role in managing political process, use of information and information structures for guaranteeing dominance. The methodological basis for the studies was formed with the systemic, structural-functional, comparative historical, comparative political, geopolitical, cultural-civilization methods, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. Today information warfare serves as key means for military political operations of the USA, China, the EU Member States. The main competing parties in the development of theory and practice of information warfare are the USA and China, and there is a hidden competitive strife for leadership in this sphere between them. In many states, such as some Latin American states, the information warfare is purely defensive and it is only used in cases of potential danger.

Keywords: politics, information war, psychological operations, the USA, information confrontation, cyber-war, Russia, Latin America, China.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12694

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65324

Abstract: The gross regional product (GRP) is one of the key objects of studies of the situation in the regional economics, since based upon its structure one may evaluate goods, works and services in the territory of a specific constituent subject of the Russian Federation. The object of studies involves structural differences in the forming GRP in the Russian regions, depending on the input of certain types of activities into the added value. Based upon the level of GRP per person one may forecast economic and social dynamics in the society. The structure of forming GRP reflects the objective economic situation in the regions. Topicality of studies of structural difference may be explained with the reference to the evaluation of reality defining social and economic situation in the regions. In this article the authors regard the structure of the GRP as the main factor influencing polarizing of the regional groups in the highest and lowest parts of rating of Russian regions. The study of structural differences involves comparative method, vertical and horizontal analysis. Based upon them the author defines the main proportions for the analyzed markers, their absolute and relative values. The main scientific result of the study is revealing of the disproportion in the structure of the GRP on the decile groups of regions, showing the wideness of the gap between the leading groups and the groups, which are falling behind. The irrational structural shifts in the GRP explain the territorially non-homogenous social and economic development. The authors make a conclusion that strengthening influence of the real sector of economy is a necessary condition for lowering the existing disproportion in the development of the regions.

Keywords: regional economics, structure of the GRP, structural differences, real sector, differentiation, agriculture, manufacture, sphere of services, state administration, stimulation mechanisms.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.12620

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0730.2014.3.65325

Abstract: The growing value of information component in the sphere of human vital functions is one of the most significant processes, causing the geopolitical transformation. In the process of development of the human civilization the value of information and knowledge (knowledge-decisions) in raising efficiency of the human communities creating institutionally formed subjects of geopolitical relations is ever-growing. Evaluation of the information in the territorial categories regarding geopolitical goals and purposes of the human society may be implemented within the two main aspects: those of nature and civilization (anthropogenic). The methodological basis for the studies was formed with the systemic, structural-functional, comparative political, information-related approaches, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. The natural aspect of existing information in time and space of material world is well-studied in Russian science in particular. According to the attributive concept of perception of an information as a matter, it is a quality of all material objects, that is, it is a material attribute. The modern information studies define information as the fundamental basis and the general quality of the universe, existing independently from us, and being manifested in the 3-dimensional process of interaction of micro- and macro- processes of energy, movement and mass in time and space.