Abstract: The author describes the merchants’ ethics at the end of the 19th century when a business deal was bound with a sign of the cross but not a stamp and the words ‘trust’ and ‘credit’ had the same meaning. It is not an accident that the author has considered such a topic during crisis in Russia. If we don’t understand and accept the ethical and psychological basis of business, we will not be able to build an ‘effective’ economic in Russia.

Keywords: psychology, ethics, economics, logics, me chantry, business

Abstract: In the epoch of inter-existence, for forced migrants very topical becomes the position directed at the development of international and national identity and broadening of conceptions of policultural migration space where vital strategies and technologies are learnt. It is becoming a necessity to include a psychological program of informal education in the process of adaptation of people of mature age. Special attention is given to the development of national features of migration movements in history, from ancient times till now. The author also focused on the role of migrants and immigrants in overall personal development as well as importance of a strong personal position for people coming back to their historical homeland.

Keywords: forced migrants, informal formation, mature age, personal-oriented education, themes of psychological program, inter-existence, productive and valuable development, international and national conscious, returning to historical homeland, vital strategies a

Abstract: In this article culture is viewed in the light of philosophical anthropology. The author analyzed how the term ‘culture’ changed through ages. The author also touched upon the anthropological aspect of culture.

Keywords: psychology, philosophical anthropology, culture, society, human being, instinct, nature

Abstract: It is the culture and all its various forms which is the way to a human existence and the unique creation both by the human world and human himself. Existence of culture derives not only from the nature of society but also from human himself and his versatile features. Both origin, content and the meaning of culture are closely connected with anthropology.

Keywords: psychology, culture, philosophical anthropology, being, artifact, need, image, canon, motivation, stimulation, tradition

Abstract: It seems that the terms ‘evaluation’ must associate with a related term ‘objective evaluation of self-esteem’ at least at the level of science. ‘Objective evaluation of self-esteem’, as it is supposed, would answer the question ‘What is there in actual life?’ However, not all scientists realize these are the two complementary terms. There are a growing number of studies based only on subjective data while very few researchers compare evaluation of intellectual activity with its effectiveness. The author of the article suggested her own approach to the problem. The author’s approach is oriented at establishing the new methods of self-evaluation of mental work using contextual analysis of both objective and subjective results. Self-evaluating way of thinking has a certain impact on cognitive, information capacities of the human and his intellectual behavior.

Keywords: psychology, self-esteem, self-evaluation, comparative approach, cognitive self-evaluation, understanding, reading, self-evaluating mind, parameters of mental work, competition, knowledge

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Abstract: Science fiction is viewed as mental experiments on modeling various ways of human and social development in the future. The author of the article described interesting patterns typical for many science fiction writers. Many authors, for instance, stress out the decline of sexuality of a future ‘superman’. However, it usually leads to elimination of every sociality. In such stories, the main hero isolates himself in his own Mongolia. Other authors perceive sociality as the primary instinct. In their novels decline of sexuality leads to substitution of sexual instinct by other sources of strong positive emotions such as ingestive behavior. Very few authors speak of the decrease of sexuality leading to development of sociality through actualization of self-development instincts (learning instinct, playing instinct, instinct for self-development and freedom).

Keywords: psychology, instincts, sociality, sexuality, future, science fiction, non-fiction, superman, man from the future, modeling

Abstract: The author analyzed the process of formation of psychoanalytical anthropology. He also distinguished the three meanings of the term ‘psychoanalysis’ and uncovered the pre-history of psychoanalysis as a psychological tradition.

Keywords: psychology, psychoanalysis, anthropology, Freudism, mind, soul, psychic, psyche, human being

Abstract: The main idea of the article is the ‘meeting’ of clinical and applied psychoanalysis. It is noted the Freud tried to create not only a clinical method, but also humanitarian ideology. The author also interpreted the understanding of truth in Jacques Derrrida’s conception.

Keywords: psychology, text, truth, being, clinical and applied psychoanalysis, metaphor, simulacrum, discourse, subject, phallus

Abstract: The author used the method of interview to study the reasons which caused 10 graduates to enroll in the university again and to get another degree in psychology. It was found out that less than half of participants were actually going to ‘work as psychologists’. The author makes a suggestion that psychological education has an independent value. It can be viewed as a stage of personal growth disregarding training for future profession.

Keywords: psychology, personal story, life scenario, professional scenario, alternatives, decision-making, second higher (psychological) education, professional plans, qualitative methods, interview

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Abstract: The author of the article made an attempt to systematize both theoretical and applied aspects of available information on the problem of time perception. The author analyzed ‘types’ of time, reviewed experimental studies of time in psychology and described certain methods allowing to study various aspects of time perception. The article can be of great use to practical psychologists and diagnosticians.

Keywords: psychology, time, time perception, measurement, time perspective, events, methods of research

Abstract: The author of the article focused on the relationship between creativity and orthodoxy. These two terms are viewed from different points of view: psycho biological development starting from early childhood, and beginning of relations between conscious and unconscious activity of human as well as between asymmetrical and symmetrical models. The topic is studied from different points of view. The author analyzed the psychological experience of a baby and studied the problem of deicide and two ways of human existence. Special attention is given to genesis of Narcissistic personality.

Keywords: psychology, conciseness, unconsciousness, creativity, conformity, survival, kill, frustration, structural condensation, psyche

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