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Abstract: National idea includes the most important and major social characteristics infl uencing the main interests of the nation. Such interests include material and social welfare of national society members, their spiritual, intellectual and cultural values and democracy as a form of existence of a national state. The article describes these elements of national idea applied to the Russian society and shows their importance as a factor consolidating the unity of Russian nation.

Keywords: social studies, national idea, nation-wide idea, material and social welfare, spirituality, direct democracy, representative democracy, self-government, society, social self-development, history of the national idea.

Abstract: Many people have painful memoirs about the bitterness of Civil war of 1917-1921 years. Participants of the White movement created memoirs about Civil war terror. R.B. Gul, A.I. Denikin, P.N. Vrangel, A.S. Lukomskiy, V.M. Krasnov, V.V. Shulgin and other authors wrote about terror of 1917-1921 in their memoirs. All the authors demonstrated the exterior side of Civil war terror. They represented forms and methods of terror vividly. And they told about terror victims too. But all the foreign authors from Russian origin gave evidences of cruelty of only one side – the Red side. But the didn’t much wrote about the White movement terror. The book by R.B. Gul “Dzerzhinskiy. Beginning of terror” exaggerated the Red terror especially. So the myth of terror of 1917-1921 was born, but it is not the real picture of the Civil war.

Keywords: terror, terror victims, Civil war, exterior side, memoirs, White movement.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to a critical analysis of the phenomenon of the welfare state in developed capitalist countries. The author of the article describes the genesis, theoretical bases, models and experiences of the welfare state policy. The author also traces the infl uence of the welfare state policy on social and economic parameters of developed capitalist countries. Much attention is paid at the analysis of modern problems and challenges the welfare state is faced with. In particular, such problems as the negative infl uence of redistribution policy on economic growth and dilution of the fi nancial base due to demographic trends which are the demotivating factors of labor and entrepreneurial activities leading to bureaucratization of economic life due to excessive activity of professional unions and associations. At the end of the article the author concludes that the welfare state policy has a rather destructive infl uence on modern societies. It is also concluded that there is a certain need in a completely new paradigm of social and economic development within which the social functions would be performed on the basis of market principles of economic organization.

Keywords: political studies, state institution, politics, welfare, redistribution, decommodifi cation, market, taxes, groups, development.

Abstract: This article is a historic-political research on the process of selecting and appointing offi cials during the 1920’s. The research is based on domestic scientifi c and historical sources, textbooks on C.P.S.U. History, works of Marxism-Leninism authors, and materials from Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Conventions.

Keywords: NEP, party clean-up, nomenclature, Lenin, Stalin, Trotsky, X-XIII RCP (b) Conventions, Lenin’s conscription to the Army, opposition control.

Abstract: This article examines the causes of crime and conditions in the area of intellectual property. The author describes the four basic approaches to the understanding of causality in criminology and, therefore, to the analysis of the determinants of crime. It is noted that the causes of crime are the fundamental and the most acute problem of criminology. The article provides a description of criminological personality characteristics in the sphere of intellectual property. It is concluded that the objective causes of crime in the area of intellectual property can be considered as shortcomings in the political, economic and social life of our state and disadvantages associated with the protection of authors’ rights, gaps in prevention, as well as lack of awareness in matters of licensing - one of the reasons copyright infringement by users. The author makes a suggestion to use the experience of Italy in order to prevent crime in the area of intellectual property in Russia.

Keywords: determinants of crime, crime conditions, the relationship between causes and conditions, the offender, the motivation of criminal behavior, social status, social function, moral and mental attitude, crime in the area of intellectual property, economic security, the prevention of crime.

Abstract: The article reveals particular features of state control during the Soviet period. The author of the article studies and describes the structure and main functions of regulatory authorities of USSR.

Keywords: studies of law, state control, Soviet period, regulatory authorities, immediate control, USSR, state plan, powers, competence.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to preservation and formation of national and cultural identity of youth in Russian nearabroad countries. National and cultural identity is viewed as a constantly developing social phenomenon but not only as an ‘event in history’. The problem of preservation and formation of national and cultural identity of youth in Russian near-abroad countries is shown as a political, social, cultural, socio-historical, ethno-national and general teaching issue and an important element of theory and practice of up-brining and teaching of youth in this day and age.

Keywords: political studies, social studies, history, near-abroad countries, nation, identity, youth, patriotism, culture, succession.

Abstract: This article invites the scientifi c society to discuss the topical issues in the theory of the modern state institution. The authors of the article proves the need in an immediate creation of what would be a fundamental branch of general social studies, - the general theory of state institution (or the study of state institution) as the basis for other branches studying state institution, its essential features, forms, structure and elements.

Keywords: state institution, methodology, the study of state institution, social studies, scientifi c methods of inquiry, law, democracy, dialectics, abstract and concrete, gnoseology.

Abstract: This article presents an analytical overview of innovative approaches to organizing the processes of global governance based on the construction of multi-level structures. Management of advanced systems require more fl exible and effi cient mechanisms for responding to requests from the various actors in the global political process, including through the reallocation of certain powers of traditional parties in favor of a “young” members of the international community. Social and economic systems of the XXI century increasingly complex. A major transformation of the subject policy and legal theory. Investigation of mechanisms of multi-level governance, the involvement of new actors in the process of making key decisions, both in domestic and foreign policy are the most priority areas for study.

Keywords: International political system, global governance, world politics, multi-level governance, governance strategies, transformation process, European Union, civil society.

Abstract: The article analyzes one of the most topical issues in development and modernization of higher professional education in Russia, - the problem of defi ning what the quality of education is, and the problem of establishing such quality education. In this regard, it is very important to defi ne all the factors infl uencing the improvement of quality of education. This article, in particular, tries to describe the factors which are the most important and necessary in development of professional education.

Keywords: social studies, education, concept, quality, modernization, knowledge, skills, management, problems, paradigm.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of participation of Russian Federation citizens in a local law-making process. The author analyzes the legal nature, values and democratic principles and legal mechanisms of implementation of this form of participation of citizens in state administration.

Keywords: studies of law, law, state institution, law-making, participation of citizens, Russian Federation constituent, Russian Federation, powers, democracy.

Abstract: The article shows a legal essence of rights of disabled people in the constitutional law system of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: Institute of guarantees of rights of invalids. Constitutional law system of the Russian Federation.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of using human resources under modern conditions. The author of the article in detail describes the main factors ensuring the innovation value of a region which is directly connected with the human development including such elements as human potential in science and technology, work force, fi nances, economy and information. The article also touches upon a number of problems hindering us from effective use of human potential in economic growth of Russian regions.

Keywords: The article is devoted to the problem of using human resources under modern conditions. The author o, work force, fi nances, economy and information. The article also touches upon a number of problems hindering us from effect

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Abstract: Development of human civilization has caused global changes in the universal social structure including centuries- old traditions and morals. These changes infl uenced both the interior family structure and family relations with the surrounding world. A comparative analysis of epochs in history and relevant social and political transformations allows, to some extend, to make prognosis what the future world structure and, consequently, major social institutions such as family, shall be like. Family is the basis of personal ethical values which, in their turn, establish a healthy moral environment in a society. Therefore it is very important nowadays to establish and implement a whole system of democracy- based partnership within a social institution of family.

Keywords: social studies, family, society, values, moral, roles, evolution, transformation, traditions, marriage.

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Abstract: The article analyzes the main approaches to understanding crime as a social phenomenon. The article describes the causes of crime and ways of prevention of crime described in works by Russian great minds of the 18th century.

Keywords: studies of law, crime, Enlightenment, 18th century, Russian minds, Ivan Pososhkov, Akim Volynsky, Ekaterina P, Fedor Ushakov, Alexander Radishchev.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the historical and legal issues of establishment and development of human rights in Russia. The author describes stages of development of human rights in Russia and studies the problems and particular features of establishment and development of human rights in USSR.

Keywords: studies of law, human rights, history, Russia, USSR, civil rights, voting rights, personal rights, rights and freedoms, human rights.

Abstract: The article studies the issues of labor legislation in Russia at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century. It is the fi rst study of insurance legislation at the national level. Special attention is paid at the Russian experience of ‘police socialism’ based on which the fi rst attempt to establish the interaction between labor and capital was made. The author of the article also studies the Insurance Law of 1912 which formed the basis of insurance legislation in Russia.

Keywords: studies of law, Insurance Law of 1912, insurance, labor issue, legislation, voluntary insurance, police socialism, labor, capital, labor law.

Abstract: The article determines the role of A. Kosygin in the solution of national objectives during his occupation of the following posts: Deputy Chairman of the USSR Council of People’s Commissars, Deputy Chairman of the Council for Evacuation, Chairman of the RSFSR Council of People’s Commissars. The article considers the work done by him to evacuate defense plants from Moscow and Moscow Region; to perform the duties of an authorized representative of the State Defense Committee in Leningrad under siege; to supply the Red Army with engineering products; and to restore the national economy in the areas liberated from the Nazi forces.

Keywords: War, evacuation, defense, business, blockade, commissariats, economy, logistics, a patriot.

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Abstract: The author of the article draws our attention as the social partnership as a signifi cant factor of modernization in modern Russia. Based on the author, from the point of view of social partnership and modernization, the compensation for labor directly relates and infl uences social and partnership relations between labor and capital and modernization processes undertaken by the government. The author reveals why formation of social partnership and modernization is being restrained now. According to the author, it is due to the fact that it is benefi cial for the Russian capital.

Keywords: political studies, modernization, partnership, interaction, productivity, confl ict, capital, society, profi t.