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Abstract: This article considers the key philosophical categories such as essence and occurrence, form and content in connection with law. The author also studies various conditions of law as well as law and policy, law and morals, legal mechanics and other concepts.

Keywords: conception and essence of law, form and content of law, law and morals, legal mechanics, subjective law and objective law, principles of law

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Abstract: There are ideal extent and categories of rigidity and plasticity. Being ideal attributes of the material they mutually reflect one another. Consequently, Plato’s ideas do not contradict to materialism since there is a universal law of outpaced reflection.

Keywords: social studies, ideal, outpace, reflection, attributes, material, actual existence, categories, rigidity, plasticity

Abstract: The article explores the phase of the PRC policy in the South China Sea. Because of the change in the international situation and China’s foreign policy, Beijing has changed its policy to solve the problems of South China Sea. Despite all the chords, which reached among many countries, the problems of South China Sea have not yet decided. Nonetheless, cooperation among these countries in this region will quickly develop.

Keywords: PRC policy, South China Sea, Regional cooperation

Abstract: Nature of judicial constitutional control in European countries is predetermined by peculiarities of organization and functioning of the authorities performing it – European constitutional courts. Among other features of the European model of juridical constitutional control influencing European constitutional proceedings, the author also describes: exclusivity of constitutional control in law enforcement performed by European constitutional courts, focus of constitutional control on legislative acts, material aspects of the conception of constitution and so on.

Keywords: european model of constitutional justice, European model of constitutional proceedings, constitutional court, parliament, law, constitutional control, constitutional authority, material conception of constitution, functions of constitutional control

Abstract: The article analyzes methodological opportunities of neo-institutional analysis for social study of structural problems of development of procedural democracy and its relation with transformation of a social structure of the modern society. The article well shows that it is necessary to refuse from an ideological and politicized view on development of democracy processes and we should consider democracy regimes from the point of view of their social opportunities of development. Analyzing ‘gaps’ and structural features of democracy, the author concludes that institutional processes are key processes in democratic development of the society.

Keywords: social studies, institutes, neo-institutionalism, democracy, society, structure, state institution, ideology, transitions, rationality

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Abstract: Complicated nature of local self-government in the system of public authority is conditioned by contradictory appraisals and opinions regarding its social and political nature and future development. If we apply the synergetic approach at analyzing territorial self-organization of a local community, it gives us a completely different point of view on content and orientation of the political process in modern Russia.

Keywords: political sciences, social system, political system, local community, municipal unit, self-organization, social activity, cooperation, public mind, public administration

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Abstract: The article is devoted to the process of formation of institutions of political supremacy in the history of Russia. This process is described as realization of a certain model of relations between the three political elements of the society: sovereign, executors and subjects.

Keywords: studies of law, history, politics, law, unity, morals, power, sovereign, security, executor

Abstract: Development of the modern tax system of Russia is characterized by a constant growth of a number of crimes connected with violation of the Russian law on taxes and levies. As the analysis of the court and arbitration practice shows, the most widely spread tax crime is a tax evasion (based on the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation). Tax evasion is usually committed through performing false civil transactions. This is the issue this article deals with.

Keywords: studies of law, taxpayers, state institution, treaties, control, legislation, crime, participants, taxes, levies

Abstract: The article contains a review of L. N. Choltyan’s book ‘Legal Groundwork for Protection of the Environment in Urban Settlements’. The book is devoted to legal norms regulating environment protection in urban settlements and their practical implementation. The author of the book also described the leading trends of environment protection in urban settlements under modern conditions.

Keywords: studies of law, law, city, settlement, environment protection, conception, classification, pollution, urbanization