National Security - rubric Economical support of national security

Abstract: The author analyzes the international experience in the sphere of formation and functioning of capital centers. Related risks and barriers have to do with the problems of financial and economical stability of Russia, lack of stability of its financial market, and state-managed economy. The author shows, that if the exporters’ capital “leaks” abroad, and Russia enters WTO, the state and regional budgets shall diminish. The author analyzes the need for formation of Russian center of capital at the conditions of world crisis has to do with formation of intellectual enterprises for scientific activities with much perspective. Keywords: economics, security, capital, mechanism, finances, market, crisis, investments, attractiveness, enterprise

Abstract: The author of the article analyzed the economic interests and ways of their realization with the purpose to ensure national competitive ability.

Keywords: social studies, security, military, doctrine, strategic, planning, crisis, conflict, transformation, infrastructure

Abstract: In the system theory, the primary element of development is elementary changes characterized by the corresponding laws of the composition. The transfer from one stage of development to another can lead to serious qualitative changes which are usually perceived as a crisis. However, going through such crises is one of the conditions of development for a system. In economy, there are usually more constructive crises than destructive, the former giving new quality to a system

Keywords: economy, typologization, system, sustainability, region, crisis, strategy, development, resources, innovations

Abstract: This article is devoted to the problems of formation of the mechanism of guarantees for the economical security of the Russian Federation within the WTO system. The article attempts to evaluate the option of Russia entering the WTO from the point of view of economical security of the state, analyze the threats for the Russian Federation in the international economic territory.

Keywords: economics, WTO, security, characteristics, mechanism, threat, protection, interests, Russia, options

Abstract: The study of problems of organizational and legal elements of small and medium-size businesses is quite topical at the current stage of development of economic relations. The changes in the character of social needs, the new level of socialization of modern means, various levels of use of modern means of production call for the new boundaries of use of small businesses in Russia.

Keywords: economics, business, entrepreneurial, organization, law, problems, market, relations, development, bureaucracy

Abstract: This article is devoted to the methodological aspects of formation of the united information territory of the chief controller of the budget fi nancing of science – Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Much attention is paid to the information objects of this space within the budget classifi cation and their dynamic changes.

Keywords: economics, information, income, budget, fi nances, ministry, fi nancing, classifi cation, spendings

Abstract: The article includes analysis of specifi c features of evaluation of the worth of commercial banks, various methods to evaluation of worth as a whole, namely for the commercial banks. The author offers to use spending and incomes approaches, including the method of net wealth and DCF method. The fi nal calculation of worth is offered to implement with the method of weighted mean value.

Keywords: economics, worth, costs, income, method, banks, evaluation, market, price, asset

Abstract: This article is devoted to the issues of efficient interaction of state government bodies and businesses in order to implement priority national projects on the territory of Russia. The article includes the study of the problems, standing in the way of interaction and cooperation of these subjects, the authors also establish and provide grounds for overcoming these obstacles as fast as it is possible.

Keywords: jurisprudence, independence, priority national projects, state sovereignty, modernization, state sovereignty, national security, stable development, living standard of the people, business

Abstract: The article is devoted to peculiarities and principles of influence of form of property on economically active population and on level of employment in various branches of agricultural regions.

Keywords: economics, labor, employment, sphere, branch, market, people, unemployment, agro-industrial complex, investments, demography

Abstract: The article is devoted to analysis of strategic alternatives of the wholesale companies, dealing non-foodstuff goods for everyday use of customers, the author gives specific examples of implementation of such strategic alternatives.

Keywords: economics, wholesale, sale, network, strategy, alternative, goods, demand, development, efficiency

Abstract: Efficient use of innovations is impossible without in-depth study of the very phenomenon of innovation. The article is devoted to scientific and theoretical views on innovations in their historical development and current state.

Keywords: economics, innovation, management, process, project, system, management, region, growth, development, activity

Abstract: This article is devoted to some aspects of foodstuffs security of the Russian Federation, including the legal norms of the Strategy of National Security of the Russian Federation up to 2020, as adopted by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 12.05.2009 n. 537, as well as the Doctrine of Foodstuffs Security, as adopted by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 30.01.2010, n. 120. Much attention is paid to the various levels of ensuring foodstuffs security.

Keywords: jurisprudence, security, national security, foodstuffs security, directions, strategy, doctrine, healthy type of diet, agricultural law, problems

Abstract: The study of modern methods of management at the foodstuffs industry clearly shows that the dynamically growing market calls for different conditions for development of competitive sphere. The changing political and economic events make one view the forecast for the development of the segment in question from the points of view of reliability for the clients, study of economic potential for the competitors, strength of the system for the planned strategy of development.

Keywords: economics, method, management, enterprise, industry, optimization, forecast, development, analysis, market

Abstract: Elementary changes which are characterized by corresponding laws of a composition, act as a primary element of development in the theory of systems. Change of one type of development by another can lead to the serious qualitative changes perceived as crisis. One of conditions of development of system is its passage through crises. Feature of economy consists in prevalence of constructive types of crisis over destructive at which in the course of evolution in system there is a new quality.

Keywords: typologization, system, stability, region, crisis, strategy, development, resources, process, innovation

Abstract: The economic crisis has exposed the problems of banking supervision in worldwide. In this paper, the author made an attempt to highlight the most important problems of the system of banking supervision in Russia, and also considered the possibilities for reforming the system with the use of foreign experience and raised the problem of creating a mega-regulator. Concluded that the proper approach to reforming and improving the bodies and practices of banking supervision would allow the formation of a workable and progressive banking system.

Keywords: banking supervision, mega, regulations, reform, BaFin, the banking system.

Abstract: The article includes analysis of the subject-related contents of legal relation in the sphere of ensuring legal guarantees and banking secret responsibilities, as well as lawful disclosure of banking secret information under the legislative changes, which came into force from January 1, 2010. The author pays attention to which kinds of information the banks are obliged to proved to the insurance controlling bodies, as well as to the list of banking secret information, which may be accessible to the banking payment agents, while they have to guarantee the security of this information.

Keywords: bank, secret, account, operation, control, information, data, payment, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Security Fund of the Russian Federation, the banking payment agent.

Abstract: This article is devoted to a problem of an estimation of reliability and management effi ciency by the mechanism of crediting regarding maintenance of the basic debt and percent on loans in commercial banks. In the article estimated criteria and actions for reliability and management effi ciency are offered by the crediting mechanism.

Keywords: credit mechanism, estimation criteria, reliability and effi ciency estimation, the profi tability specifi cation, profi tableness percent, percentage margin, the average rate of profi tableness.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.34472

Abstract: Leaning on the analysis of the provisions of economic science, which article assesses interrelation between the links of financial system of the country on the one hand, and the impact of the level of financial soundness of businesses and households upon financial security of public law entities on the other; as well as dependence of satisfaction of needs of the individual in public goods on the fullness of centralized monetary funds. Such dependence requires peculiar approach towards determination of financial self-sufficiency of micro-and macroeconomic agents; however, the majority of elaborations focus solely on the public finance, which become the reason for emergence of borderline state of regional economy upon the criterion of its protection from threats – conditionally secure or pseudo secure. In this regard, the goal of this article lies in development of the system of financial-economic indicators and their threshold values; its implementation is aimed at identification of negative trend – indicators of destructive processes in the national economy. The following methods were applied in the course of this research: general scientific – analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction for revealing the peculiarities of ensuring economic security of public law entities in the financial sector; specific scientific – statistical analysis for assessing financial-economic parameters of development of the territory; methods of qualitative assessment of the systems for differentiating the regions upon the criterion of security from financial threats. Considering mutual impact of public and private finance, the author develops the system of financial-economic indicators, the positive dynamics of which testifies to consolidation of financial self-sufficiency of economy of the territory; while negative dynamics in the medium and long-term period testifies to destabilization of certain vital processes of macro - and micro-subjects. Its peculiarity consists in combination of basic and additional coefficients that reflect financial situation of economic agents of various level and determination of their “thresholds”. Implementation of the author's approach in assessment of functionality of financial system of the country is aimed at identification of occurrence causes of borderline dangerous economic states of the territories.

Keywords: cause-and-effect relationship, private finance, public finance, households, economic entities, public legal entities, financial system, financial security, financial pseudo-security, indicators

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34674

Abstract: The goal of this article consists in understanding of the role of banking and parabanking institutions in ensuring shadow capital flow. The object of this research is the financial flows that serve shadow economy. The subject of this research is the capital outflow through banking and parabanking systems, shady transactions of commercial banks, and structure of money turnover. Methodological framework is comprised of systemic and integrated approaches. The article also employs the general scientific methods (scientific abstraction, unity of historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, methods of comparison and analogy), as well as special methods of cognition (monetary methods). Information database contains the official data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and Federal State Statistics Service. The following conclusions were formulated: 1) Policy of combating money laundering conducted by the Bank of Russia yields tangible results (significant reduction in the volume of shady operations; commercial banks fearing suspension or revocation of license are not interested in servicing such operations); 2) This leads to active development of more flexible, cost-effective, and uncontrolled by the Bank of Russia shadow banking (this is testified by the the growing role of the parabanking system in servicing of capital outflows), as well as of alternative financial instruments intended to conceal the affiliated entities and beneficiaries are gaining popularity (a number of cryptocurrencies); 3) Current situation (novel coronavirus pandemic, oil shocks) contributed to increase of the share of capital in circulation, which indicates the spread of shadow relations in the country. Therefore, the author underlines the need to ensure transparency of operations of parabanking institutions and their control by the state.

Keywords: cash, monetary mass, doubtable operations, outflow of capital, shadow banking, bank system, shadow economy, digital currency, offshore, cashing out

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.5.68689

Abstract: The article deals with the structure and direction of foreign reserve assets diversification using the euro as one of the "poles" in the polycentric model of the global monetary and financial system under contemporary geopolitical conditions. Diversification of international reserve assets is an important part of financial and economic policy, it allows to reduce the risks associated with reserves and manage volatility, including that of the financial market and foreign exchange as a financial sector, since the information about the international reserves composition influences the economic agents, operating in the financial market. The author dwells upon various approaches to the diversification of reserves depending on short-, medium-, and long-term goals, passive diversification and stabilizing one. The analyzing of the SDR currency basket and using various currencies in over-the-counter has been carried out. As research methods, the author uses general scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, graphical interpretation, and analysis of statistical information and time series. The novelty of the article lies in the development of proposals for the diversification of international reserve assets aimed at transforming the global monetary and financial system towards polycentrism and reducing the imbalance of power between Russia and the European Union. It is advisable to take into account the results of the study when implementing financial and economic policies both at the state and corporate levels.

Keywords: world economy, euro, sanctions, diversification, Bank of Russia, foreign exchange reserves, special drawing rights, U.S. dollar, international reserve assets, world finance

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.3.7746

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.2.31771

Abstract: The subject of this research is the pressing scientific-practical task of how to ensure military-technical procurement of the country by improving optimality of management of the development of material and technical base of the enterprises of military-industrial complex in the conditions of their diversification, however avoiding the militarization of the Russian economy. The authors explore the essence of diversification of the enterprises of military-industrial complex and its economic consequences. It is demonstrated that it raises the competitiveness of enterprises, and thus increases their capitalization. The object of this research is the process of formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises of military-industrial complex in the current context. The article employs the methods of economic analysis and economic and mathematical modeling of the process of formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises. The novelty of this research lies in comprehensive examination of the processes of diversification of military production and the formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises of military-industrial complex. The authors developed a toolset to be implemented in practice for optimizing the process of formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises in the conditions of their diversification. The conclusion is made on the need and possibility for systematic optimization of the process of formation of mobilization capacities in the conditions of diversification.

Keywords: tools, models, optimization, military-industrial complex, enterprises, diversification, mobilization capacity, production, military products, civil products

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.5.30934

Abstract: The goal of this work consists in examination of the questions of food security and independence applicable to manufacturing of meat products in the Russian Federation, and suggest paying attention to the existing approaches towards the development of agricultural markets, which often destabilize situation in achieving economic efficiency of the work of the processing industries of national economy. It is underlined that for implementation of the Food Security Doctrine in decision-making systems, it is necessary to use multifactor method or multiple-criteria approach towards development assessment. Using the balance method along with logical, comparative and economic-statistical analysis, the author explores the dynamics of meat production and implementation of the Food Security Doctrine with regards to Russia’ s import substitution policy. The conclusion is made that ensuring food security and independence of meat production are possible only in terms of forecasting the internal and external threats to the country’s food security, with implementation of multifactor approach towards assessment of the economic resources and potential, finding compromise solutions for achieving the maximum effect from allocation of the resources.

Keywords: balance sheet method, meat processing industry, food supply, agro-industrial complex, import substitution, meat products, food independence, food security, internal threats, external threats

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36693

Abstract: The fact that many Russian universities offer a wide, but often similar, range of educational services substantiates stiff competition between them, which aggravated in the conditions of protracted global COVID-19 pandemic due to the need for rapid implementation of the tools and methods of distance learning. The educational institutions compete for not only students, by their admission to each specific discipline. The goal is set to analyze the competitive positions and opportunities of the university on the market of educational services in the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov. The research methodology leans on the general theoretical methods, as well as 7P and SWOT analysis. As a result, the author determines the merits and flaws of the university, market opportunities and threats; as well as offers the vectors for improving on the market of educational services. The acquired conclusions on the need to expand the material base, increase the academic degree holders rate, involvement in the grant mechanism, and integration into the real sector of economy are relevant for a great many universities in the Russian Federation.

Keywords: marketing mix, SWOT analysis, 7P method, university, educational organization, competitive positions, competitiveness, possibilities, threats, strengths

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.6.28461

Abstract: The subject of this research is the indirect taxation of broker operations in the EEU. The authors carefully examine such aspects of the topic as taxation consequences of goods imports into Russian Federation from other EEU member states. It is noted that due to methodological flaws of the mechanism of indirect taxation, there is a disruption in the neutrality principle of the target country, producing risks of tax revenue losses. It is proved that taxation consequences of brokered deals should be determined based on the assessment of real economic substance of the conducted transactions. The authors’ contribution into the research of this topic consists in development of solution to the problem of determining the point of VAT in transactions involving a broker. The novelty of this research consists in development of methodology of indirect taxation in regional integration unions aimed at improving the taxation system of foreign trade transactions between EEU member states, conducted through a broker.

Keywords: principle of neutrality, VAT, indirect taxation, harmonization, import, foreign trade, Eurasian Economic Union, principle of country of destination, commission agent, committent

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.2.43879

Abstract: The subject of the study is the relationships that arise in the process of ensuring fiscal security by public legal entities. Fiscal security is considered in the article from the perspective of its duality (budgetary security and tax security) in the context of the shadow sector, taking into account the risks of cartel collusion and concealment of part of the income and property from taxation. The nature of the formation of the shadow sector is explored, which is defined as a deep reserve that should be gradually mobilized into the budget system, while encouraging taxpayers to conscientiously fulfill their tax obligations, which will subsequently form a completely different level of tax culture. The article presents the author's logical model of leveling the shadow economy of public legal entities in order to ensure their fiscal security based on digital tools of public administration. The research is based on the following methods of scientific knowledge: comparison, analysis, synthesis of theoretical material. The author has developed an algorithm for comparing open Internet data with Federal Tax Service data in order to identify hidden income. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of the category “fiscal security”, the theoretical justification of the directions for its provision by public legal entities in the context of the “whitewashing” of the economy in the context of the use of digital tools of public administration.

Keywords: threats, ensuring budget and tax security, digitization, tax administration, whitewashing the economy, shadow economy, economic security, tax security, budget security, budget and tax security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.6.28283

Abstract: The goal of this work consists in assessing the economic security of bordering regions of Siberia and Far East of Russia, as well as determining the factors and limitations of socioeconomic development. The subject of this research is the examination of occupational safety, food safety, innovation security, financial security, and social security that are the key components of economic security of a border region. The authors establish the criteria and threshold values (indicators) of economic security; conduct a comparative analysis of the indicators of economic security of the Siberian Federal District and Far Eastern Federal District for 2010 and 2016. Methodology is based on the systemic approach towards assessment and development of the multilevel system of economic security criteria, considering the specificity of a border region in the conditions of expansion of integration processes. Through the prism of diagnostic assessment of economic security, the authors determine the factors and limitations of border regions, as well as substantiate the main directions in socioeconomic development of the region. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of methodical framework for assessing the economic security of a border region. The authors describe the factors and limitations of socioeconomic development of the region in the context of ensuring economic security; substantiate the key directions in regions’ socioeconomic development for increasing economic security in the eastern regions of Russia; and offer to consider border factor in the system of government regulation of regional development.

Keywords: the Far East, border region, financial security, food security, industrial security, social security, economic security, factors, restriction, regulation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.4.68754

Abstract: The subject of the research is the investment model of economic growth, which in today's Russia is given significant attention at the government level. In a number of scientific studies, investments are interpreted as a significant factor of economic security. In line with this topic, the goal is to form an investment growth model that combines national economic growth goals, investment objectives, growth-driving industries, conditions and regulatory influences into a single structure. The article uses methods and means of structural, economic, causal analysis and predictive statistical estimates. The novelty of the research consists in substantiating and developing an investment model of economic growth in the form of a hierarchical structure that includes five levels: target level, task level, industry, factor and regulatory levels. The possibilities of filling the levels are shown by the example of Russia, taking into account today's sanctions realities. Attention is focused on the manufacturing industry. When filling in the industry level, it is concluded that it is advisable to take into account the index of economic complexity as an additional criterion for identifying industries-locomotives of growth. When filling in the factor level of the model, the dual nature of anti-Russian sanctions is shown, which, along with negative factors, also generate certain business opportunities. When filling out the regulatory level, a number of financial and investment measures are allocated (subsidizing investment projects, state support for loans, tax incentives) that are in demand by Russian business under sanctions. In terms of the country's technological security, industries are cited where dependence on imported components is particularly critical. Priority financial and investment support should be directed to overcoming critical dependence. The results obtained can be useful for information and analytical support of industrial policy. The proposed approach to the investment model of growth will help to streamline the basic components of decision-making within a single structure, taking into account cause-and-effect relationships and sanctions realities.

Keywords: external sanctions, financial and investment measures of state support, growth locomotive industries, economic complexity index, manufacturing industry, structural-hierarchical approach, technological security, economic security, investments, investment growth model

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.1.69839

Abstract: The subject of this study is the system of countering insider transactions and manipulation in the securities market in terms of its mechanisms. The purpose of this work is to determine the place of the financial mechanism of counteraction and its role in the system of combating unfair practices. The securities market is the most important element ensuring the development of the economy. Today, one of the main problems of its regulation in Russia is the search for effective mechanisms to combat illegal practices. As a result of such activities, the financial security of participants is put at risk, and confidence in the market is reduced. The issue of finding and implementing new mechanisms to improve the effectiveness of control over the activities of participants is becoming urgent. In order to increase the effectiveness of the market regulation system in terms of control over insider trading and manipulation, the author proposes the introduction of a financial mechanism to counter insider trading and manipulation in the securities market. The methods of modeling and analogy, classification, comparison, system analysis, synthesis and generalization were used in the work. A comparative analysis of counteraction systems in countries with the world's leading stock exchanges has been carried out. The results show that each of the considered systems has a financial mechanism of counteraction, expressed not only by strict fines related to the amount of damage caused, but also by additional amounts of compensation, which is absent in domestic practice. The author analyzes the existing system of regulation of the Russian securities market, identifies its components, and highlights the main disadvantages. In addition, the analysis of the system showed that such a component as a financial counteraction mechanism has not been fully formed to date. The existing measures do not ensure the effectiveness of the fight against illegal practices. The financial mechanism of counteraction in Russian practice is fragmented, and the existing fines have no economic justification and are directly related to the damage caused to the market. In addition, no other measures are provided to compensate the losses received by the participants. Thus, in this paper, the concept of a financial mechanism for countering insider and manipulative activities is proposed, and its place in the Russian securities market regulation system is determined.

Keywords: financial security, unfair transactions, fakes, stock exchange, manipulation, insider trading, market regulation system, stock market, financial mechanism for countering, securities market

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39167

Abstract: The authors of the article investigate the current state and new trends in ensuring food security of subjects at various levels: from global to household level based on the application of an approach that includes the study of production aspects, economic availability of food, various components of the problem of food consumption, as well as the preservation of the current situation in the medium and long term. Special attention is paid to new factors affecting the state of food security: the growth of living standards in developed and some developing countries leads to increased requirements for the quality and safety of food; the new "green agenda" transforms agro-food systems towards greater sustainability. In the course of the study, diagnostics of the current state of food security was performed, as a result of which a number of certain negative trends were identified, among which: a decrease in the economic availability of food for the population of the Russian Federation as a whole, and especially for such individual groups as large families living in rural areas, families with disabilities, as well as families consisting of from unemployed pensioners. There is also a problem with an incomplete system for assessing the quality of food, as a result of which goods are falsified, the level of trust in public authorities decreases, and negative consequences for people's lives and health arise.

Keywords: economic access to food, food supply, quality standards, food fraud, food quality, food independence, food consumption, food safety, food security, agri-food sector

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.3.35988

Abstract: The current situation of the Russian financial system is far from being stable, and is constantly exposed to risks, many of which pose a threat to its security. Overcoming these circumstances is impossible without reforming the mechanism of budget monitoring and treasury support in the country as the innovative instruments, the implementation which in the Russia Federation is at the nascent stage. The goal of this article consists in the analysis of the concept of “budget monitoring”, and determination of its elements in the current conditions. The subject of this research is the financial relations emerging in the course of establishment of budget monitoring in Russia. For achieving the set goal, the author employs the general scientific methods of dialectical, comparative-systemic, and structural-layered analysis. The information framework is comprised of the normative legal financial documents of the Russian Federation and periodical publications of the national economists. The author reveals the ambiguity of approaches towards discerning the content of budget monitoring in the Russian science and practice. The author carries out the original systematization of the elements of budget monitoring (target component, subject-object composition, stages, methods, etc.). The article determines the role of treasury support, as well as outlines the key vectors of its modernization with consideration of the recent legislative innovations along with the gaps and difficulties occurring in practice. The acquired results are valuable for the financial authorities, as well as for researchers, pedagogues, master’s students, and postgraduates majoring in the budgeting process.

Keywords: methods of the budgetary monitoring, elements of the budgetary monitoring, mechanism of the budgetary monitoring, budgetary process, budgetary monitoring, monitoring, budget, treasury, treasury maintenance, budget resources

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.6.31334

Abstract: The entrepreneurial activity in the market economy is accompanied by many risks. The subjects of this research is the entrepreneurial risks, nature and scale of which need to be probed, in order to be managed efficiently. The goal of this work is to develop methodology for compiling risk maps that would allow not only quick identification and classification of entrepreneurial risks, but also efficiently manage them. A version for structuring a risk map consists in a “likelihood-loss” matrix, where the magnitude and likelihood of loss is scored and marked in the appropriate line or column within the matrix. The scientific novelty of this research consists in development of a risk management algorithm in entrepreneurial activity based on identification and formation of risk maps that allow undertaking efficient measures to mitigate the consequences of a particular risk. The proposed methodological recommendations, as well as the algorithm for classification, identification and management of risk in production entrepreneurship is approved by the materials of OOO “Prok”, and demonstrated its actuality and effectiveness.

Keywords: acceptable risk, risk management methods, risk classification, risk, enterprise, entrepreneurship, risk identification, risk rating, risk maps, risk mapping

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.4.34004

Abstract: Based on the analysis of provisions of economic science, this article characterizes the state of national economy from the perspective of protectability from negative activities of various origin. In most works the emphasis is placed on its diametrically opposite states – secure and dangerous; but there are also borderline states of conditionally secure and pseudo-secure, which do not receive due attention in the scientific publications. In this regard, the goal is to eliminate the terminological gap that exists in economic science, substantiated by the absence of approaches towards demarcation of these states, by decomposing the definition of “economic pseudo-security”. The result of the conducted research consists in explication of the term “economic pseudo-security” based on specification of attributive features as pseudo-dynamism, pseudo-sustainability, and pseudo-protectability. The inner content of each of the aforementioned criteria is described through their distinctive features. These acquired results are aimed at broadening of theoretical provisions of economic science and systematization of knowledge on the economic security. Usage of separate parameters of pseudo-security would allow the subject of protection, i. e. the state, promptly responding to alternation of the course of socioeconomic processes on macro- and micro-levels in order to prevent the development of borderline states of national economy and their possible later transition into the dangerous.

Keywords: pseudo-protection, pseudo-stability, pseudo-dynamism, pseudo-safety, conditional safety, borderline states of economy, economic safety, state, protection actor, economic entities

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.1.25330

Abstract: The subject of this research is the vectors of increasing affordability and quality of food for the regional population. The article examines the questions of regional government policy planning aimed at supplying the population with basic types of food in accordance with the rational consumption norms, as well as course of food import for ensuring the domestic needs of population in food products. Implementation of the proposed measures into the practice of territories is possible in terms of the acting plans of introduction of changes and amendments into the regional and federal programs. Using the statistical and analytical methods, studies of economic regularities, the author made calculations based on the data for the Russian Federation, and particularly Irkutsk Oblast. In terms of the conducted sociological survey, the author confirms the high portion of food purchases by rural population due to decrease in their own production of provisions, as well as determines the key trends of affordability and quality of food in the food market of Irkutsk Oblast. The revealed peculiarities of the organizational and economic mechanisms of supplying population with affordable and safe food products allowed formulating the suggestions on increasing of its affordability and quality for population, the distinct features of which are: the availability of independent food quality test by consumers; organization of consumer unions and commodity markets on sales of food products, agricultural byproducts, and forest resources that is a permissible norm of protection of the consumers and food producers within the requirements of WTO and global legislation.

Keywords: Population, Security, Food, Agribusiness, Organization of production, Regional economy, Food safety, Strategy, Market, Agriculture

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.2.27699

Abstract: The subject of this research is the trends and issues of mobilization of workforce into smaller towns of Far East in the context of strategic territorial development. The object of this research is the formation of labor resources in smaller cities of the region. The study is conducted on the example of the town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai, which currently experiences difficulties with workforce recruitment for ensuring the needs of the developing shipbuilding industry. This topic is of great relevance for the Far Eastern region, as the mobilization and retention of workforce in smaller towns of the remote territories of Russia carries a strategically important meaning for further development and population of the region, as well as ensuring national security to the Pacific Rim. The goal of the article lies in actualization of the strategies and problems related to mobilization of workforce into the town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai. Methodological foundation contains the current regulations of the regional economy, theories of sustainable economic growth, strategic guidelines of the development of shipbuilding industry over the period until 2035, as well as vectors of Russia’s National Security Strategy. The authors indicated the major issues in formation of labor resources in smaller cities of the Russian Federation; determines the place of the town of Bolshoy Kamen and other smaller cities within the system of allocation of labor resources in the Far Eastern region; demonstrates the factors of mobilization of workforce into the town of Bolshoy Kamen; substantiates the vectors of activity on mobilization and retention of workforce in the town. Resumption of the work of the largest in Far Eastern region shipbuilding complex “Zvezda” is the driving force for mobilization and retention of workforce in the town of Bolshoy Kamen.

Keywords: advanced development territory, strategic development of territories, demographic dynamics, human resources, labor force, Bolshoy Kamen city, Far Eastern region, single-industry cities, small cities, shipbuilding cluster

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.6.37095

Abstract: The object of this research is the energy policy of Qatar on the example of gas sector. The subject of this research is the key directions and trends in the development of energy policy, i.e. its external and internal dimensions. Detailed analysis is conducted on the energy diplomacy of Qatar being a small state. The author determines the key areas for further use of gas export revenues for sustainable development of Qatar's national economy and its diversification. The article explores the peculiarities of Qatar’s energy diplomacy; its interaction with the European and Asian countries, the United States, as well as multinational energy corporations for the purpose of development of the own fuel and energy infrastructure. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to generalize the key vectors of energy policy of modern Qatar, aligning them with the goals of economic development set in the strategic plan “Vision 2030”. This article is first to introduce sources in foreign languages into the scientific discourse. Leaning on these sources, the author reveals the “success factors” of Qatar's energy policy and growth potential, including in the conditions of “green transition”. The conclusion is made that Qatar would continue to invest in the development of gas sector, which is the major resource for qualitative assessment of the economic model. Such development implies open interaction with various external actors and the use of the latest technologies.

Keywords: economic diversification, natural gas, LNG, Katar's energetics, energy security, energy diplomacy, energy policy, small states, QNV-2030, green transition

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.2.69337

Abstract: The object of this work is tax control in the Russian tax system, and the subject is the organization and implementation of tax control in the context of digitalization of the Russian economy. In their research, the authors consider in detail the topical issues of the organization of tax control in modern conditions of digitalization of the economy, identify the main problems and propose ways to solve them. It is noted that in light of the rapidly changing technological environment, tax authorities must adapt and use innovative technologies to ensure effective and transparent tax control. Digital security and efficient use of data are also important aspects. The authors propose to explore the possibilities of using technologies to analyze large amounts of data, identify potential tax violations and ensure more accurate and effective control. This can significantly improve the tax collection process and reduce the burden on tax authorities, freeing up time for more in-depth analysis and strategic planning. The study of the organization of tax control in the digital economy has a high relevance and novelty. In the modern development of technology and digitalization, more and more companies carry out their activities through online platforms and electronic systems. This creates new challenges and difficulties for tax authorities, as traditional methods and approaches to tax control may be ineffective. An effective tax control system is the basis for the economic well-being of the state, promotes the development of entrepreneurial activity and ensures stability. The study highlights the need to improve regulatory regulation in the field of detection and disclosure of economic and tax crimes. It also requires the introduction of modern methods and means of detecting and disclosing such crimes, improving cooperation and information exchange between tax authorities, law enforcement agencies and entrepreneurs.

Keywords: digital transformation, audit, tax planning, digitalization, tax base, illegal activities, taxation, economy, government, tax control

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.2.22552

Abstract: This article examines the Western and Eastern parts of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages for finding the evidence of implementation of food security policy therein. The object of this work is the cultural peculiarities and socioeconomic relations in the society, which determine and promote the process of implementation of food security policy. The subject of this work is the theoretical, practical and normative sources on ensuring food stability of the state, normative acts of the government institutions reinforced by the results of archaeological explorations. The author is one of the first within the Russian and foreign literature to demonstrate the facts that testify to the implementation of food security policy in the Middle Ages. Based on the historical example of France under the Capetian dynasty, it is demonstrated that the maintenance of food sustainability in the “mansion state” was implemented by the following means: restrictions on the goods for export, collection of special transit fees, establishment of the customs institutions. The success of the Byzantine food security policy was guaranteed by creating the large grain depots during the reign of Julian the Apostate; establishing the institutions that were accountable to the authorities and controlled the consistent procurement of essential food products; the order of Anastasios II on expulsion from the city of anyone who did not provide themselves with a yearly supply of food; consolidating trade regulations and distribution restriction in the in the “Book of the Prefect”.

Keywords: food aid, food supply, food threat, dependence on import, food self-reliance, food self-sufficiency,, food security, import substitution, food policies, food sovereignty

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.4.23170

Abstract: The object of this research is the status of economic security of the seaport economy as an essential element of the transportation and logistics system of Primorsky Krai. Assessment of the current level of development of the seaports, identification of the key issues of their functionality, determination of the promising directions in development of the seaport infrastructure will allow to better understand the threats in establishing the efficient system of ensuring the economic security of the entire Russian transportation system under the modern circumstances, as well as contribute into the enrichment of state policy in the area of seaport economy with valuable knowledge. Using the SWOT-analysis, the author carries out an evaluation of the strong and weak sides of the seaport economy of the region, reveals the factors that destabilize its economic security identifies the threats, and suggests the measures for its overcoming. It is clarified that the main barrier on the path to integration of the seaport economy of Primorsky Krai into the Pacific Rim lies in the low throughput capacity of the railways.

Keywords: Perspectives, Threats of economic security, Russia, region, Primorsky Krai, seaport, Economic security, risks, State of economic security, infrastructure

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.3.26689

Abstract: As of today, the exchange rate of Russian ruble is considered floating; in other words, it is affected by the market factors that are beyond control of the monetary authorities. This situation threatens the economic security of Russia, thus the development of national economy for elimination of risks association with the fluctuations of ruble’s value is especially pertinent. The object of this research is the exchange rate of the Russian ruble, while the subject is its interconnection with the indexes of national economy. The goal of this work consists in analysis of the impact of macroeconomic indexes of the Russian Federation upon the dynamics of the exchange rate of the Russian ruble. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that the study of the macroeconomic indexes of the Russian Federation and value of the ruble will allow determining the strongest and weakest facets within the economy for coordination of economic policy in the context of national security. The article explores the factors affecting the dynamics of national currency, including econometric analysis of the strength of connection between the indexes of economic development of the Russian Federation and the value of Russian ruble. The work presents the economic interpretation of the interdependence of the exchange rate and the macroeconomic indexes. The authors come to a conclusion on the factor exerting the most influence upon the exchange rate and construct a model for determining the impact of the global oil prices upon the exchange rate.

Keywords: refinancing rate, currency policy, oil price, economic indicators, national economy, exchange rate, Russia, russian ruble, econometric model, short-range forecast

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.2.40031

Abstract: The subject of the study is the analysis of the main areas of application of artificial intelligence technologies in the financial sector based on domestic and foreign practice, the object is artificial intelligence technologies in order to ensure economic security. The authors note that the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in the financial sector have been developing rapidly in recent years, bringing significant benefits in terms of efficiency, increased accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The development of digital technologies leads to the creation of new services that help increase the level of economic security. AI-based solutions are used in various areas of finance, including risk management, fraud detection, customer service, trading and investment analysis. This study examines the current state and future potential of artificial intelligence in the financial sector, the advantages and disadvantages of using such technologies, as well as recent trends and developments in this area. The information base of the study was made up of analytical materials of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, scientific reports, reports of international consulting companies, studies of foreign IT corporations, scientific publications and statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service. It is noted that artificial intelligence has the potential to transform the financial market, is an important tool for ensuring economic security. It allows you to create more secure and reliable financial management systems, as well as increase the transparency and efficiency of financial transactions. Similarly, artificial intelligence can also revolutionize tax administration by facilitating compliance and risk management, reducing errors and fraud, and increasing transparency and fairness in the tax system. The use of artificial intelligence in finance and taxation is expected to increase significantly in the coming years, with new solutions constantly emerging that can simplify and automate financial processes.

Keywords: economic security, digital technologies, machine learning, Fintech, tax administration, finance, artificial intelligence, taxation, risks, privacy

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.1.29844

Abstract: The goal of this work is to examine the history of ensuring international economic security. This goal can be achieved through the following tasks: 1) determine and explore the stages of ensuring international economic security within historical-logical aspect; 2) characterize and signify the key events of these stages; 3) assess the effectiveness of the mechanism of international legal provision of economic security within the highlighted historical periods. History of ensuring international economic security allows understanding it as the state of global economy, which drives the significant and sustainable growth of economic indexes and demonstrates efficient satisfaction of the economic interests of all nations. In this article, the provision of international economic security was examined within the historical-logical aspect, determining three stages of this process: 1) period between two world wars, when for the first time humanity set forth a task to ensure economic security as the paramount existential factor; 2) during the 1940’s – 1980’s the struggle between the global system of Socialism and Capitalist world also took place as a competition for economic efficiency of the two socioeconomic formations; 3) the third period, arriving after the collapse of the Soviet Union and global system of Socialism, is characterized as creation of unipolar world that is dominated by the United States, which initiated the globalization processes. This led to collision of civilizations, threatening to morph into a large-scale civilizational conflict. At the current stage of civilizational collision, it is difficult to reach a consensus in majority of the key issues pertaining to international economic security.

Keywords: strategy, state, globalization, history, economy, economic security, national security, security, UN, League of Nation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.2.26477

Abstract: This article examines the key aspects, issues and prospects of interaction between Russian and Qatar within the framework of the Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF). The author highlights the paramount stages in operation of the Forum and determines it as a new important actor at the global gas market. Considering the factor of competitiveness between the leading gas exporting countries (Russia, Qatar and Iran), the article analyzes and argues the interconditionality of their interests in the energy sector, as well as security in the Near East. Based on the reached in 2016-2017 bilateral Russia-Qatar agreements, the author comes to a conclusion on the possibility of bilateral rapprochement with regards to the question of energy cooperation and ensuring the regional security. The author conducts a comprehensive analysis of the political aspects of energy diplomacy of Russian and Qatar in terms of GECF within the indicated chronological framework, taking into account significant changes that took place in the system of international relation overall, as well as geopolitical transformation in the region.

Keywords: competition, international energy cooperation, GECF, Gas Exporting Countries Forum, Middle East, Qatar, Russia, energy politics, energy security, international organizations

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.6.69418

Abstract: The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in modern conditions, the Sahel-Saharan states are characterized by an insufficient level of economic sovereignty, despite years of reforms. The article shows that the efforts being made are not successful not only because of conflicts, the expansion of transnational corporations, inefficient public administration, low level of development of human capital and institutions, but also, first of all, because of the lack of formed entrepreneurship. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of the corporate sector of the Sahel-Saharan states on ensuring economic sovereignty, highlighting the most promising opportunities and critical limitations based on the results of the analysis. The subject of the study is the trends and patterns of development of the corporate sector of the countries of the region and its impact on the formation of opportunities to ensure economic sovereignty and the elimination of existing restrictions. The methodology of the article includes methods of a systematic approach using a comparative method to clarify the features of economic sovereignty; the task of substantiating the importance of the corporate sector in these processes was implemented using the method of qualitative content analysis, which was chosen to explore the possibilities and limitations of influencing economic sovereignty. The main conclusions of this study are: to identify the problems and limitations of ensuring the economic sovereignty of the Sahel-Saharan States (high dependence on multinational companies, poor infrastructure and institutions, lack of financial resources and human competencies); to substantiate the impact of the insufficient level of development of the corporate sector in African countries. The novelty of the study lies in the formulation of measures and directions for establishing international economic cooperation between companies of the Sahel-Saharan states and Russia as an important organizational task for the development of the corporate sector and, consequently, for ensuring economic sovereignty. Among them: ensuring legal stability as a political priority, forming the foundations for a high-quality legal investment framework, encouraging business ties, honesty and responsible business conduct as a key element of protecting foreign investors, access to finance and information support for the development of human capital through professional development.

Keywords: instability, institutions,, capital, finance, sovereignty, Russia, Africa, conflicts, cooperation, private sector

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36706

Abstract: The goal of this research lies in assessment of the role of foreign direct investment in socioeconomic development of the EAEU member-states in the current context. The research methodology employs such approaches as scientific abstraction, logical generalization, statistical and factor analysis. Based on examination of the relevant theories of international capital movement, the author outlines positive factors in attracting long-term foreign investment. The article explores the key indicators of economic development of the EAEU member-states at the current stage. Analysis is conducted on the peculiarities of foreign direct investment in the region. It is noted that the Russian Federation is the most active investor within the EAEU. The author determines the common factors that limit the development of investment relations between the partner countries; as well as reveals the dominant disproportions in attraction of foreign investment capital. Consideration is given to the experience of Shenzhen in formation of the global special economic zone in the EAEU countries. The conclusion is formulated that the key factor of socioeconomic development of the EAEU member-states is the attraction of foreign direct investment capital. The following measures in the sphere of foreign investment are proposed: development of direct investment funds; formation of special economic zones; implementation of intergovernmental earmarked programs; creation of specialized centers for the development of small and medium business bases on the market principles.

Keywords: special economic zones, EAEU, industrial park, private equity fund, socio-economic development, foreign direct investments, Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, China

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.1.39400

Abstract: The development of various areas of domestic tourism in Russia has become a natural consequence of the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, in the context of maintaining and increasing the relevance of environmental restrictions on economic development, the growth of ecological (or sustainable) tourism, associated with the provision of tourism services and the development of the recreational sector, and at the same time helping to reduce the severity of the environmental problem, is of particular importance. Ecotourism, being a promising economic direction, contributes to the achievement of sustainable development. Of considerable scientific interest is the study of the prospects for the development of ecological tourism at the regional level. The subject of research in the article is the possibility of developing ecological tourism in the Republic of Mordovia. The article concluded that the functioning of the tourism industry, contributing to economic growth, has a serious negative impact on the environment. As a consequence, tourism policies need to be integrated with overall economic, environmental and energy policies in order to stimulate the transition to sustainable tourism development and minimize environmental pollution. Politicians are also guided by the Sustainable Development Goals, the achievement of which requires the use of tourism to eliminate poverty, hunger, ensure food security and improve the environment by reducing dependence on non-renewable energy sources. The ecological sphere of the Republic of Mordovia has a serious potential for the development of the tourism sector: the presence of specially protected natural areas, clean air and water bodies can attract a large number of tourists, but significant investment resources are needed in this area.

Keywords: protected natural area, ESG-investments, tourism innovation, sustainable development, environmental investments, ecological tourism, tourism cluster, environmental security, economic security, environmental protection

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.3.26700

Abstract: The subject of this research is the combination of trade and investment relations between Russia and BRICS in the context of Russia’s economic security. The object of this research is the indexes of the focus of foreign economic ties of Russia with BRICS countries that define the extent of risks with regards to mutual cooperation. The author assesses the current level of economic security in accordance with the key indexes in the area of production and science, social sphere, currency circulation, and foreign economic activity. Having analyzed the dynamics of export and import, direct foreign investment flow between Russia and BRICS countries, the author determines the development trends of the trade and investment cooperation, and thus, Russia’s dependence of the BRICS countries in foreign economic sphere and the degree of their impact upon Russia’s economic security. A conclusion is made on the presence of risks for decline in the level of economic security of the Russian Federation in the foreign economic sphere due to the growing role of China in Russia’s foreign trade. As a solution, the author recommends to expand the investment cooperation with the People’s Republic of China, which alongside the all-round development of foreign economic relationship with other BRICS countries, will allow strengthening the economic security of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: China, GDP, foreign trade, international economic relations, foreign economic activity, South Africa, export, import, economic security indicators, FDI

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.3.30212

Abstract: This article analyzes the results of comparative sociological study – the “European Social Survey”. The goal lies in determination of the level of concern of the Russian citizens with the various aspects of country’s energy security, in comparison with assessments of the residents of other European states. Energy security is viewed as a crucial component of national security. The author substantiates the need for using sociological methods for studying this topic; as well as examines the peculiarities of assessment given by Russia’s population to sustainability and reliability of energy supply, affordability of energy, dependence of national electric power on fossil fuel, etc. For collecting raw sociological information, the author applied the method of personal in-home interview; age of the respondents is 15 years and above. Factor and correlation analysis were used in the course of this study. The author observes contradictions between the declared as a component of energy security sustainability alongside reliability of population’s energy supply and significant concern of the Russian citizens with the aforementioned aspects of energy security. The conducted correlation analysis demonstrates that the smaller is the locality, the greater is population’s concern with sustainability and reliability of energy supply. Among the European countries, Russia marks the highest level of population’s concern with possible power cut or power outage due to technical failures. It is determined that the source of population’s concern is the financial affordability of electric power. The author pursues correlation between the financial affordability with financial situation of the surveyed families. It is stated that unlike the residents of the majority of countries taking part in the project, the Russians do not see the dependence of national electric power on fossil fuel as a problem.

Keywords: the fuel and energy complex, the electric power industry, the energy resources, the power supply, the energy supply, the national security, the energy security, threats to energy security, energetic policy, sociological survey

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.1.69249

Abstract: The main purpose of the work is to assess the impact of investment projects on ensuring the economic security of the country. It is concluded that investments are one of the main characteristics of the state's activities and allow solving existing economic or social problems, including those that can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. The article solves the following tasks: an assessment of the investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region was carried out; an assessment of the current level of investment activity in the region was carried out. Attention is paid to the study of the state program of the Russian Federation "Economic development and innovative Economy" and its directions, an analysis of the financing of subprograms. Also, the rating of the investment attractiveness of the regions is considered. The methodological basis of the research is based on a set of methods of economic research combined with a systematic approach to the study of this problem. Currently, the economy of the Russian Federation is facing many problems caused by the difficult political situation, sanctions against Russia and other reasons. Achieving socio-economic goals has become impossible without investing. The role of investments is high, since thanks to the investment, the accumulation of public capital is carried out, they contribute to economic growth, the renewal of technologies, the improvement of professional qualities the employees and the development of infrastructure. They also can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. Investments are one of the driving forces of economic development, since they make it possible to modernize existing and create new business facilities, and can also be aimed at solving other socio-economic problems.

Keywords: investment policy of the region, investment activities, fixed capital, the state program, investment, investment project, investment attractiveness of the region, economic security, investment fund, investment activity

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.2.26518

Abstract: The relevance of this research is substantiated by the fact that currently there exists a number of the state conceptual documents on the development of economic security of Russia; however, the unified organizational-economic mechanism of strategic management of the country’s economic security is yet to be developed. Within the framework of this article, the authors selected the meso-level analysis. The object of study became the Perm Krai and Vladimir Oblast (the small cities were chosen for demonstrating the regional level of the system of economic security of Russia). An important selection criterion was the remoteness from the capital region. Verification of dependence of the separate structural indexes of components on the mechanism of economic security of Russia will allow more efficiently managing the regional development – the basic of economic security of Russia particularly forms at the regional level. The absence of the scale of existing indexes and their assessment prior to this research confines the development of regional potential, because the strategic management requires the rational allocation of the provided resources meeting the actual needs in order to ensure the necessary balance – the suggested scale of the level of structural indexes is aimed at solving this issue. The authors observe the intercorrelation between not only the components of organizational-economic mechanism of strategic management of economic security, but also each of the structural indexes that form the importance of components in the mechanism. The subsequent vector of research can become the determination of the entire list of significant indexes of all components of the organizational-economic mechanism of strategic management of economic security of Russia, as well as the emergence of the analytical model of the system of economic security, which will be an effective instrument for formation of the development strategy of Russia.

Keywords: the level of consumer services, inpatient medical care, financial component, social component, strategic management, regional aspect, economic safety, organizational and economic mechanism, provision of educational services, the cost of national safety

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.1.27974

Abstract: This article examines the factors influencing the socioeconomic development of Russia. The systemic development of entrepreneurship is one of the key factors of stabilization, revitalization and gradual ramp-up of the Russian economy. The current conditions for the development of Russian entrepreneurship are characterizes by the absence of clear and targeted organizational-economic policy. The questions regarding the development of entrepreneurship in Russia remain relevant, as their pendency negates the effectiveness of the separate business structures, as well as the business community overall. The author underlines that the achievement of economic growth requires a set of qualitative, productive measures, including the expansion of structural reforms in the economy, improvement of the investment and entrepreneurial climate, increase of opportunities for small and medium businesses, implementation of innovations, and improvement of legislation. The formulation of measures aimed at reducing the various types of business risks is a paramount component within the mechanism of the development of entrepreneurship.

Keywords: Innovation, Socio-economic development, Economic growth, Competitiveness, Development, Government regulation, Entrepreneurship, Investment, Risks, Social stability

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.1.35030

Abstract: This article examines the correlation between the country’s investment attractiveness and the level of corruption therein. The key goal of this research consist in the creation of comprehensive curriculum for anti-corruption education and outreach, the implementation of which would significantly reduce the level of corruption in Russia, and thereby improve its investment attractiveness on the international arena. The object of this research is the mechanisms for improving investment attractiveness of the country in the global market; one of such mechanisms is the reduction of corruption component. The subject of this research is the practices of anti-corruption education and outreach used by the world leading countries aimed at lowering the level of corruption. The information framework is comprised of the official statistics of the World Bank, as well as expert reports published in the media. Based on the established correlation between these factors, the article provides the examples of measures for reducing the level of corruption implemented in Russia and the leading world countries. The result of the work consists in the development of comprehensive curriculum for anti-corruption education, which can be used on the regional or federal level for achieving a synergistic effect. This article is intended for the scholars and pedagogues, officers of the executive branch, state and municipal officials responsible for the implementation of national anti-corruption plans, as well as other experts dealing with anti-corruption issues.

Keywords: world economy, anti-corruption tutoring, anti-corruption policy, international business, anti-corruption fighting, anti-corruption education, investment attractiveness, corruption, Anti-Corruption Plan, National security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.3.43878

Abstract: The relevance of the study is determined by the lack of understanding of a certain system of financial regulation of social innovations, which does not allow to ensure the targeted orientation, stability and fullness of financial flows within the framework of the implementation of socio-innovative projects and financing of social innovations throughout their life cycle, which can qualitatively affect chronically unsolvable problems that hinder the improvement of social security of society and the state. The purpose of the article is to formulate an approach to the formation of an effective system of financial regulation of social innovations in order to ensure the social security of the state. The research methodology is based on the developments of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of social security, social innovation, financial regulation. Methods of generalization, analogy, statistical data analysis, tabular and graphical methods of information interpretation were used. The paper presents approaches to the concept and content of the concept of "social security"; the results of the author's calculation of indicators of social security of the Russian Federation in modern conditions by the index method, taking into account existing scientific developments, strategic planning documents, as well as publicly available statistical data; conceptual elements and approaches for the formation of an effective system of financial regulation of social innovations, based on the requirements of achieving social security. There are two types of financial regulation of social innovations (operational and strategic), levels of implementation (micro-regulation, mesoregulation, macro-regulation), the nature of the impact (stimulating or restrictive), forms of regulation (direct and indirect). The priority directions of financial regulation of social innovations to achieve social security are proposed.

Keywords: social sphere, social policy, social effect, indicator, financial support, financial regulation, social innovations, integral index, social security, national security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.2.70325

Abstract: The expansion of international contacts contributes to improving the image of the region, ensuring its investment attractiveness, acting, along with this, as a primary task of forming targets for the socio-economic well-being of the territory. The priority directions for the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area are based on economic potential of the region: the fuel and energy sector with accompanying large-scale infrastructure projects and traditional economic sectors of the indigenous peoples of the North. Taking into account the sanctions, the promising directions for the development of foreign economic relations is of particular relevance. The subject of the study is the prerequisites for the formation of foreign economic relations in the Arctic region, trends in the development of foreign trade activities, and features of customs support for export and import operations of foreign trade participants in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in conditions of economic and political instability. Special attention is paid to the study of prerequisites and trends in the development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in order to identify problems and prospects for deepening foreign economic relations in the region. The research method and methodology is based on the use of the following general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, namely: the method of system analysis, logical and comparative methods, the method of document analysis. The scientific novelty of the study lies in an integrated approach to identifying the prerequisites, specifics of foreign economic activity in the Arctic region, trends and promising areas for expanding foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in conditions of economic and political instability. The article presents an assessment of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in modern conditions, identifies the specifics of foreign economic activity in the Arctic region, examines the features of customs support for export-import operations, analyzes statistical data on foreign trade exchange of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area, identifies problematic issues, develops an algorithm for increasing exports of products and develops promising directions for the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area. For the development of the region's economy, it is necessary to modernize the sphere of production of fuel and energy sector and expand the commodity exports of the agricultural sector of traditional activities of the indigenous peoples of the North.

Keywords: fuel and energy complex products, hydrocarbon raw materials, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area, customs infrastructure, Arctic region, foreign trade, foreign economic relations, economic security, transnational projects, non-resource exports

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.4.36381

Abstract: This article is dedicated to examination of the “green” economy – the economic model with priorities similar to the goals of sustainable development; its postulates are of particular importance in the context of increasing negative anthropogenic impact upon the environment. The majority of scientific publications discuss the advantages of transitioning toward the “green” course, which are indisputable from the perspective of preservation and augmentation of natural potential of the territory; while the factors that impede the proliferation of eco-oriented behavior, consequences of implementation such transformations for macro- and micro-actors, and assessment of the existing eco-trends in public law entities do not receive due attention. Therefore, this article aims to determine the impact of “green” reforms upon the socioeconomic interests of macro- and micro-actors leaning on the results of analysis of the characteristic features of the process of greening of economic activity. In the course of research, the author establishes that the “green” vector of economic development entails not only positive changes for macro- and micro-actors, but negative as well, which discourages their eco-activity. At the same time, the assessment of environmental situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation indicates the low eco-involvement of economic agents, which requires immediate implementation of environmental initiatives, although considering other public and private interests.

Keywords: anthropogenic impact, eco-orientation, macro- and microsubjects, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, green economy, brown economy, regional economy, indicators, ranking

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.1.39797

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the advantages and potential disadvantages of the launch of the digital ruble in modern Russia. Russia, like other countries, is currently trying to develop dynamically in the digital sphere. The launch of a digital national currency in such a large-scale economy as the Russian one will indicate an advanced level of digitalization of the country and its competitiveness in the international arena. The research characterized the main properties of the Russian national digital currency based on the Russian Central Bank data, and, furthermore, showed the potential positive and negative consequences of the digital ruble introduction. The conducted research proves that the established deadlines for testing the digital ruble are quite accelerated, but still reasonable and correspond to the current geopolitical realities. Despite the fact that the Central Bank is likely to face a significant number of risks when introducing digital currency into the Russian financial system, premature study of potential problems, as well as the timely response of the Central Bank to them, will help to survive the emerging critical situations economically painlessly. In this case, the digital ruble will have a positive impact on the digitalization of the economy in Russia, increasing the stability of the financial system and minimizing dependence on foreign sanctions pressure.

Keywords: finance, international finance, financial system, money, digitalization, Bank of Russia, CBDC, risks, digital ruble, digital currencies

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.27402

Abstract: The paramount factor of ensuring economic security of the country and its regions is the sustainable growth of national economy. The level of innovation potential of economic subjects and workforce productivity are of instrumental importance for the economic growth in long-term perspective. Escalation of geopolitical uncertainty in the current Russian realities negatively influences the conduct of innovation activities, which is characterizes by the high level of ambivalence and risks. The economy of the frontier regions is especially affected by the geopolitical factor. The subject of this research is the innovation security of border regions of the European part of Russia, viewed as a paramount component of their economic security. Methodology is based on the theoretical and practical scientific approaches to innovation security, as well as the method of assessment of innovation component of economic security enshrined in the Russian Federation Economic Security Strategy until 2030. The author analyzes the dynamics of key indexes of innovation security for the seven bordering subjects of the Russian Federation: Smolensk Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Rostov Oblast, Republic of Crimea, as well as federal cities Saint Petersburg and Sevastopol. The scientific novelty lies in adaptation of assessment methodology of innovation security as an element of economic security of the country to the regional level. The main contribution consists in determination of the specificity of ensuring economic security of the regions of western frontier of Russian in the innovation aspect. A conclusion is made on the strong territorial and structural differences of innovation systems of these subjects, which substantiates the need for conducting the territorial-adaptive policy to ensure their innovation development and economic security.

Keywords: scientific and technological development, cross-border region, economic growth, economic security, innovation security, innovation, investments, human capital, innovation policy, absorptive capacity

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.39031

Abstract: The article is devoted to the formulation of the author's approach to assessing the socio-economic opportunities of Russian regions in achieving their sustainable development goals. It is undeniable that the term "sustainable development" is reflected in the publications of domestic and foreign scientists, however, insufficient attention is paid to its connection with the definition of "economic security", which is the basic characteristic of any economic actor. The analysis of scientific papers allowed us to correlate these categories, confirming their coherence. Consequently, monitoring of indicators of sustainable development will contribute to the timely identification of negative activities that hinder the creation of conditions for socio-economic balance at the macro, meso and micro levels. It is appropriate to note that, despite the development by official statistics of a list of national indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals, their thresholds have not been established. In view of this, the purpose of the study is to develop indicators through which the state of the regional system can be determined from the standpoint of its internal abilities to ensure social equality, economic stability, and rational use of natural resources. The set of methods used in the research process consists of two groups: general scientific, private scientific. The first of them includes: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. Based on these tools, the relationship between such categories as "economic security" and "sustainable development" has been established. The second includes absolute and relative statistical values, ranking, classification. With their help, the Russian regions were ranked according to a number of criteria, without which the sustainable development of territories becomes illusory. The result of the study is the development and testing of a system of coefficients grouped taking into account the fundamental principles of sustainable development. Their list is presented by relative indicators that allow for an interregional comparison, the purpose of which is to identify the degree of asymmetry of meso-formations according to the parameters of sustainable development. The application of the proposed indicators is aimed at detecting prosperous and disadvantaged regions among Russian regions in order to prevent the increase of imbalances in the future.

Keywords: thresholds, ranking, indicators, assessment, social equality, economic stability, environmental management, sustainable development goals, sustainable development, economic security

Abstract: The architecture of e-government can be represented as a set of four layers: a layer of business processes, the data layer, application and technology. More than a rough idea of e-government architecture (EP) involves division by the model of the real world and models of technology. These two groups of models are in the area of responsibility of different departments of the organization: a model of the real world in the area of responsibility units perform the basic functions of public authorities, and technological models in the area of responsibility of Information Technology.

Keywords: security, state, government, power, information technology.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.4.43889

Abstract: The relevance of the topic is related to the study and assessment of the impact of industrial-type special economic zones on the socio-economic development of regions. Industrial-production zones are territories with an area of up to 40 square kilometers located in economically developed regions of the state with a large number of industrial–production enterprises, experienced workers with high qualifications, natural resources and developed transport infrastructure. This is part of the state customs territory, where certain types of products are produced, and investors carry out their activities on preferential terms, which affects the development of the country's economy. The main purpose of the work is to study the types of special economic zones in the Russian Federation, to analyze the activities of special economic zones of the industrial and production type of the Russian Federation, as well as to assess the impact of special economic zones on the socio-economic development of regions. The analysis includes the main indicators and trends determining the effectiveness of the functioning of industrial-type special economic zones operating on the territory of the Russian Federation. The main conclusions of the study are that for the Russian Federation, the creation and further deployment of effective activities of special economic zones is important in order to solve acute strategic tasks, spatial development of the country and reduce inequality in the socio-economic development of regions, therefore, 8 new zones were created in 2022. As of 2023, there are 25 zones in Russia, besides 6 new zones are being created. The role of special economic zones in regional development is significant: economic diversification, localization of foreign capital, production of import-substituting goods, creation of new jobs, development of competition.

Keywords: jobs, region, resident, gross regional product, operational efficiency, socio-economic development, special economic zone, investment, revenue, taxes

Abstract: The paper regards the problem of international energy security of Russia in Asia: the interests, risks, threats and opportunities of this country. The author analyzes the structure of the working part of the APEC energy issues: units, tools, projects and achievements, then he outlines the depth of participation of Russia in these structures. Based on the existing strategic documents describing the doctrine of the Russian energy security, as well as on the basis of the declared interests of APEC, the author formulates a new concept of partnership in the energy sector between Russia and the countries of the Asia-Pacifi c region, establishing the ground rules of mutual cooperation.

Keywords: energy security, international energy cooperation, Asian-Pacifi c region, energy dialogue.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36392

Abstract: The analysis of the provisions of economic science reveals the need for replacing the resource-based economy for innovative, which is explained by the growing scarcity of economic resources in the context of increasing demands of the actors for economic goods. However, most scientific elaborations focus solely on the positive consequences of implementation of innovations, rather than negative caused by the unwillingness of economic entities to innovative changes due to shortage of resources, scant involvement of the government agencies of meso-level in the process of simulating innovative initiatives, low interest of the end consumer in the innovative product. The goal of this article lies in substantiation of feasibility of using individual approach towards meso-formations in the context of switching the economic course, which would take into account the internal territorial peculiarities and impede the emergence of borderline-dangerous conditions. Assessment is conducted on the readiness of regional economies for innovative changes, which confirming high differentiation of meso-formations by a number of criteria that reflect the state of the local innovative environment. Based on the calculations and subsequent analysis carried out on the resource capacity of the territories, the author concluded on infeasibility of application of the “typical” rearrangement of the vector of their socioeconomic development.

Keywords: economic resources, adaptation mechanism, border-dangerous states, innovative transformations, innovations, economy of innovations, regions, resource provision, indicators, assessment

Abstract: Now for the purpose of modernization of the Russian economy and its transfer into an innovative way of development it is necessary to develop methodology of stimulation of state-private partnership as necessary criterion of realization of development of the regional investment climate representing set of factors of investment activity, refl ecting objective possibilities of region to development and expansion of investment potential.

Keywords: stimulation, partnership, the state, a competition, advantages, regional development, business, investment appeal, innovative activity.

Abstract: One of the most important factors of formation of economic safety of the state is level of its food supply. In turn, the last in many respects is defi ned by extent of use of agricultural potential and development of resource possibilities in regions. In article offers are formulated according to development of types of agricultural activity of subjects and to defi nition on this basis of prospects for further growth.

Keywords: region, agriculture, integrated indicator, development prospects

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.5.43903

Abstract: The subject of the research is the relations that arise in the process of combating the legalization (laundering) of criminal proceeds in the economy. The author substantiates the need to change the current legislation in terms of classifying self-employed persons who provide intermediary services in real estate purchase and sale transactions as persons who are required to register with Rosfinmonitoring and exercise mandatory control over part of the transactions. In the article, on the basis of the algorithm developed by the author, a check was made of the compliance of realtors and real estate agencies of the Republic of Mari El with the legislation in the field of combating the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime. Particular attention is paid to recommendations for improving the mechanism of operation of the Domclick service with realtors and real estate agencies.The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of real estate purchase and sale transactions through the Domclick service, which are carried out by real estate agencies that are not registered with Rosfinmonitoring and do not exercise mandatory control over transactions, as well as determining the share of transactions in the primary market that are subject to mandatory control using the example Republic of Mari El. The results obtained contain practical recommendations for changing the current legislation, develop theoretical provisions in terms of ensuring the economic security of public legal entities, and also determine the identification of one of the threats to the economic security of the Republic of Mari El: the threat of legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime in the market sale of real estate.

Keywords: property market, money laundering, counteracting money laundering, legalization of income, AML, threats, economic security, purchase and sale of real estate, realtor, National security

Abstract: The article investigates the theoretical and practical aspects of the development strategy of innovative development of the region. We study the advanced experience of foreign and domestic economic management area. Highlights the main areas of effi cient use of innovative components of eco electric potential of the region. We propose a series of measures to develop the economic potential of the Moscow region. Revealed positive effects of tax externalities in innovation.

Keywords: strategy of innovative development, the region’s economy, spatial development, scenario development, tax regulation

Abstract: The author shows the contents of the key blocks of the mechanism within the framework of orientation of the state policy in the sphere of formation of the innovation model of national economy. While studying this problem, the author found out that the state innovation policy of this or that country is a composition of measures of various direction, and it takes into account the specifi c features of the national innovation policies.

Keywords: economics, innovation economics, economic development, innovation policy, management, integration, dynamics, information technologies, macroeconomics, security.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.3.43718

Abstract: The digital transformation of industry is one of the priorities of the development of the economy of the Russian Federation, as the introduction of modern technologies in production has a positive impact on the development of other industries. The basis for the introduction of digital technologies in industry is the desire for a comprehensive increase in efficiency and the creation of conditions for the successful operation of industries. Increasing the effectiveness of institutional support for the digitalization of Russian industry is especially relevant in the context of increasing geopolitical tensions. In this regard, the authors conducted a study aimed at analyzing the organizational structure of tools to support digitalization of the manufacturing industry and developing recommendations for its improvement. The authors analyzed the structure of the institutions of digitalization of the Russian industry, which includes six main institutions. Priority technologies and directions for the development of digitalization of industry corresponding to global trends are highlighted. According to the authors, in order to create a single digital space, a single platform can be created on which institutions can be located and interaction between them can be organized through the allocated priority technologies. Based on the results of the analysis of the organizational structure of tools to support the digitalization of the manufacturing industry, proposals have been developed to create a system of digitalization of the Russian industry that meets the level of threats to the Russian economy from the alliance of countries led by the United States.

Keywords: digital engineering, smart manufacturing, digital platform, digital transformation, digitalization institute, industry, government support, manufacturing industry, digitalization, artificial intelligence

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.5.30892

Abstract: The subject of this research is the regional aspects of entrepreneurship development. The competitiveness of Russia’s economy has a significant regional specificity. Multiple research demonstrate that wellbeing of the region depends on the level of entrepreneurship development. For detailed understanding of the economic role of entrepreneurship development, it is important to determine the strength of correlation of the organization of entrepreneurial structures in the sectors of national economy and regional economy. Special emphasis is made on the risks and threats constraining the development of entrepreneurial activity in the region. In order to ensure economic growth, it is necessary to take measures on improving the investment and entrepreneurial climate. The author comes to the conclusion that the sustainable economic development of Leningrad Oblast cannot be achieved without the development of entrepreneurship. It is important to acknowledge the fact that without the development of civilized entrepreneurship, it is impossible to reach economic growth, effective development of all economic sectors, and improve social wellbeing overall.

Keywords: social aspect, threats, entrepreneurial risks, competitiveness, regional economy, entrepreneurship, region, social policy, investment, economic sustainability

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39198

Abstract: In the context of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy, it is important to modernize the national economy, production and effective development of scientific knowledge, development and implementation of modern equipment and technologies in production to create conditions for safe and sustainable socio-economic development. The aim of the work is to form a set of indicators that assess the potential of scientific and technological development of the Russian economy. The object of the study is the scientific and technological development of the Russian economy. The subject of the study is the methodology for assessing the scientific and technological potential of the economy. The methodological basis of the study is the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and statistical analysis. The authors analyzed and identified three theoretical approaches to the definition and evaluation of scientific and technical potential. Based on the results of the analysis, the need to identify and distinguish between the terms «scientific and technical potential» and «scientific and technological potential» was revealed. It is revealed that the reason for identifying the adjectives «technological» and «technical» returns to the difference in approaches to the definition of the term «technology». The narrow and broad interpretations of technologies are singled out, on the basis of which the author's definition of scientific and technological potential is proposed. By analyzing the methodology of a number of international indices and reports that evaluate the scientific and technical potential, the authors propose a set of indicators that evaluate the scientific and technological potential of the national economy. Using the proposed set of indicators, the authors determined the state and dynamics of the development of the scientific and technological potential of Russia.

Keywords: digital economy, digital technologies, ICT, information technologies, technology, engineering, science, scientific and technological development, scientific and technological potential, scientific and technical potential

Abstract: In the conditions of recurrence of development of economic systems the theory of chains of the created cost lies. Institutionally-anti-crisis system as alternative anti-crisis strategy is considered from positions of the neo-institutional approach as means of increase of effi ciency of global chains of creation of cost at the expense of bankruptcy, liquidation or re-structuring of managing subjects, and also increase of their competitiveness.

Keywords: Institutionalization of anti-crisis management, cyclic development of economic systems, the theory of creation of a surplus value.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the role and place of tax security within the system of national security of the state. The authors show the system of indicators and criteria, which characterise tax security in the Russian economy and touch upon the qualification of good-faith actions of tax-payers, when implementing their tax obligations. The authors also provide detalied characteristics of the tax security criteria from the point of view of the implementation of their functions, and discuss the terms of “national security” via the terms “stability” and “sustainability ” of the tax system of Russia.

Keywords: economics, taxes, security, state, good faith, tax-payer, organization, criteria, risk, court.

Abstract: The basic preconditions for creation of innovative strategy of the enterprise and algorithm of its practical realization are considered.

Keywords: Innovation, innovative strategy, fi nancial effi ciency, the innovative project.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30216

Abstract: The subject of this research consists in rationalization of the struggle for hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in the context of Syrian armed conflicts. The authors attempt to determine the genuine goals of the certain Western and Eastern hydrocarbon actors on establishing the specific order in the territory of Near East. It is proven that the relevance of description of the struggle for hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in the context of Syrian armed conflict is substantiated by a peculiar attribute of globalization: self-interest of the transnational elite who imposes their opinion upon sovereign states. The authors explain the selfish pragmatism of the global backstage of West and East in the Syrian armed conflict, reflected in the desire to establish control over hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in violation of the norms of international law. The arguments are provided that the winner in the Syrian armed conflict gets the “key” from the rich oil and gas deposits of the Near East and can dictate their terms of deliveries of this hydrocarbon to Europe and Asia. The scientific novelty consists in demonstration of the degree of interference of the hydrocarbon actors of West and East into the domestic affairs of the Syrian Arab Republic and other countries of the Near East. The conclusion is made that the termination of the Syrian armed conflict upon the terms of the legitimacy of its government will contribute to ensuring security of the Russian Federation and strengthening of its position on the international arena.

Keywords: Near East, hydrocarbon resources, oil, oil interest, West, gassy interest, gas, Russia, armed conflict, Syria

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.6.43786

Abstract: The subject of the study is to study the effectiveness and efficiency of measures for the development of the nuclear energy industrial complex, taken during the implementation of the relevant state program. Data from nuclear energy, investments and innovative projects are analyzed, taking into account compliance with the strategic goals of economic security. These measures are designed to ensure the stability of the Russian economic system and minimize potential risks. An important component of the study is also the analysis of the compliance of these measures with the general state strategic goals of ensuring economic security. The study is based on an analysis of data on the current state of the Russian nuclear energy sector, investment and innovation projects implemented within the framework of the program under consideration, as well as an assessment of their impact on the economic situation of the country. The research methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the nuclear energy industrial complex, as well as a study of investment and innovation projects implemented within the framework of the program. The assessment of the implementation of the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of the nuclear energy-industrial complex" allows us to say that the analysis of program implementation indicators shows positive dynamics and achievement of the set goals. High performance indicators, such as a high degree of readiness of power units, an increase in electricity generation, an increase in the number of results of intellectual activity and the creation of new jobs, indicate the successful implementation of the program. The results of the study will be useful for developing further strategies and adjusting program measures aimed at increasing the stability of the economic system and minimizing risks, taking into account national strategic goals.

Keywords: Rosatom State Corporation, scientific progress, resource efficiency, scientific and technical potential, nuclear energy, innovations, energy security, economic security, state program, nuclear industry complex

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.3.43825

Abstract: The article examines the theoretical and methodological issues of building the tax policy of the state in the face of overcoming the negative consequences of the sanctions pressure of the collective West and the United States. We presented the results of the analysis of external and internal factors influencing the implementation of the state tax policy. We have formed five groups of external factors that are most relevant for tax policy in the context of sanctions pressure in the present period of time (the significance of sanctions pressure; the objective need for a significant increase in budget revenues in the context of the military operation; the need for comprehensive support for organizations of the military-industrial complex; ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country; electoral campaign 2023-2024). Based on a generalization of Russian taxation practice in 2014-2021, we have identified the most effective tax tools to counteract the negative economic consequences of sanctions pressure on Russia. The result of the study was the substantiation of the feasibility of an alternative solution to the issue of switching to a progressive personal income tax as a tool to increase budget revenues and equalize income inequality between the rich and the poor. Two possible approaches to the implementation of the tax maneuver in the field of taxation of the population are argued. This is a revival in the Russian tax system of the previously levied (1992-2005) inheritance and gift tax, taking into account modern realities. We have shown the relevance of raising the VAT rate as a tool for transferring part of the tax burden from the population's income to their expenses (consumption).

Keywords: income and consumption, tax maneuver, gift tax, inheritance tax, maneuvers in taxation, tax incentives, sanctions pressure, budget revenues, taxes, VAT increase

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.1.15067

Abstract: The subject of this research is the function and place of the government in realization of the economic policy. The author analyzes the government’s role in the context of the liberal economic model, and underlines the vulnerable points in the concept government self-repair and proves the need for substitution of the liberal economic model to post-liberal. In order to ensure the economic security, government should carry out an mobilization function. Thus it is suggested to increase the portion of state property and the scale of state spending, as well as to introduce the notion of responsibility and move towards the fair redistribution of the resource streams. The author’s main contribution into the revelation of this topic consists in proposition of the new economic model, in which a substantial place belongs to the optimal role of the government from the perspective of ensuring the economic security. The author suggests the quantitative parameters of the state’s weight in the economy and promotes the concept of the responsible state policy in implementation of the economic vector of development.

Keywords: State, economy, liberalism, The Bank of Russia, economic security, government spending, self-sufficiency, sovereignty, justice, a responsibility, state, economy, liberalism, Bank of Russia, economic security, public expenditures, self-sufficiency, sovereignty, justice, responsibility

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.1.67536

Abstract: Formation of innovative economic system means by itself inevitable transformation of relations of the property which major aspect now is transformation of the property rights to those participants who are capable to provide further innovative country developments, improvement of investment potential, attraction and working out of new technologies of manufactures, extraction and processing, creation of new workplaces, both on regional, and at national level.

Keywords: transformation, property relations, the property right, innovations, investments, development, economy, modernization.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30694

Abstract: The problem of entrance of a private investor into the national financial market is one of the widely discussed topics. The funds of private investors are essential for the replenishment of financial market resources that ensure growth of the Russian economy. Among the conditions for entrance of a private investor into the national financial market is the formation of protection mechanism from misselling financial instruments. The subject of this research is the causes for conducting misselling by financial organizations and measures that would help overcome and ban misselling. The goal of this research is the analysis of the measures already undertaken in prevention of misselling, as well as measures that are to implemented in the nearest future. Among the main conclusions are the theses that private investors entering the national financial market require comprehensive protection in light of the complications in the conditions of investing, as well as the need to expand the measures on misselling prevention into the stock market. The novelty of this research consists in substantiation of the need to expand the range of measures on prevention of misselling on the financial market and the need of intensifying the fight against misselling in the context of legislative definition of new complex financial instruments with high levels of risk.

Keywords: structured bonds, subordinated bonds, swaps, options, futures, individual investment accounts, qualified investors, financial literacy, private investors, misseling

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.2.19556

Abstract: The object of this research is the gold reserve of the state and its role in the national and global economy. The subject is the tools and methods of formation, preservation, and exhaustion of the golden reserve. The article is dedicated to the questions of formation of the golden reserves in composition of the foreign-exchange reserves of the state, their growing role in the globalizing economy, process of repatriation of gold, which create the new geography of its territorial preservation due to the political and economic steps from the side of the United States Federal Reserve System. The main conclusion lies in emphasis of the growing role of the monetary gold in composition of the foreign-exchange reserves of the developed states. The authors determine that at present stage the function of formation of the reserve currency is taken on board by the countries that attempt making their national currency as the global means of payment. The scientific novelty consists in analysis of the principles of preservation of the foreign-exchange reserves, as well as identification of reasons of the increasing requirements of the countries towards the United States regarding the repatriation from the golden reserve.

Keywords: Gold bullion, Reserve asset, Federal Reserve, Countries-gold miners, gold reserve, Preservation of gold , Repatriation of gold, Monetary gold, Foreign-exchange reserves, Gold

Abstract: The author studies the issues of introduction of organization-economic mechanism of adaptation at a metallurgic enterprise. The author offers stage-by-stage introduction and shows the meaning of the adaptation service.

Keywords: economics, adaptation, management, mechanism, enterprise, metallurgy, introduction, process, calculation, system.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.66140

Abstract: The subject of this research is determination of approaches towards development of tools for managing the economic security of an enterprise. The object of the research is the economic relations focused on the preservation of property complex, which are currently focused on the management of the business as a whole. The author gives a thorough examination to the nature of the distinctive features of economic security management offered on the basis of identification of such management types as the efficiency and competitiveness management, risk management and crisis management. A special attention is given to the need for a systematic approach. Methodology for the development of tools to ensure economic security includes sequencing methods and mechanisms to ensure stable operation of the business entity and its survival in the specific conditions of conducting financial and economic activities. The novelty of the research lies in justifying the classification means and measures to ensure economic security on the basis of their grouping and presentation in the form of a cybernetic model of the enterprise "input-process-output". Classification criterion will be the goal, achieving which, will require the use of various tools: means and methods to ensure the supply of resources, and the improvements to the efficiency of their use or minimization of their losses.

Keywords: efficiency, competitiveness, risk management, business entity, enterprise, system of management, economic security, tools, crisis management, ensure

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.3.32725

Abstract: The goal of this article consists in carrying out comparative characteristics of the Russian Food Security Doctrines adopted in 2010 and 2020; specification of their role, purpose, relevance, and flaws in the national security development strategy, as well as setting priorities, tasks and objectives of the new Food Security Doctrine and its meaning for the development of Russian meat packing industry. The author reveals a multifactor (multicriteria) method of assessment of the development of food production markets for ensuring food security. Using such tools as the balance method, logical, comparative and economic-statistical analysis, the author examines uncertainty factor in the meat packing industry in management decision-making with regards to its sustainable development, as well as functional dependencies of factors affecting fluctuation in stability and planning of the situations that define importance of the development of meat packing companies. It is concluded that the objectives of national security of the country, described in the new Food Security Doctrine, require a comprehensive solution of multifactor and multilevel tasks, including the establishment of centralized management of administrative and financial resources as an integrated and effective tool for the development of meat packing industry, as well as creation of nationally-oriented centralized food industry with a unified operation office and human resource reserve.

Keywords: quality, multi-criteria approach, development, management, food industry, food security, critical initiatives, Food security, multifactor method, personnel reserve

Abstract: Dispositions in the norms of criminal legislation of the Russian Federation on tax crimes: issues of distinguishing the component elements of a crime. Under Art. 199.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the immediate object of crime is the social relations in the sphere of collecting arrears in taxes and levies, while in other tax crimes the immediate objects of crimes are the social relations, which are formed in the sphere of taxation and which guarantee the established order of payment of taxes and levies. There are also differences in the objective element of crime (that is, in the moment, when the crime is deemed completed and the large scale or very large scale damage to the budget takes place).

Keywords: jurisprudence, security, court, crime, responsibility, elements, taxes, levies, arrears, nondisclosure.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.66141

Abstract: The subject of the research is the aspects of determining the threats to economic security in the area of tourism. The author attempts to develop a way to assess the threats to economic security of the tourism industry at the macro and micro levels. Macroeconomic level is represented by a system of indicators, which have a high elasticity in relation to the macroeconomic situation in the tourism sector and are interrelated. Special attention is given to the calculation of indicators of economic security of the tourism industry of Russia and their threshold values. For the analysis of microeconomic indicators the author proposes an approach based on the definition of the list of threats to the personal security and possible ways of evaluating them. As a result, the author has developed a system of indicators of tourism security based not on the statistics, but on the expert assessments of the nature and scope of threats to a safe recreation. The article demonstrates that the multiplier effect of tourism is associated not only with a number of economic and socio-cultural benefits, but with an entire system of threats and dangers arising from external and internal negative factors. The article also presents the mechanism of the multiplier of the tourism industry threats, as well as the system of indicators of economic security of tourism, which includes 9 macroeconomic indicators. The author shows how to calculate these indicators and identifies the critical values, and makes a conclusion about unstable operation of the tourism sector of the economy of Russia based on the carried out calculation. In modern terms this problem poses a threat to national security. The special contribution of the author in the study is that a list of threats for individual tourist trips is presented. It is proved that in contrast to macroeconomic indicators of economic security of micro-level indicators should be formed on the basis of the opinion polls. The author proposes a system of indicators consisting of three blocks: organizational and economic, political and socio-cultural, and natural threats to the safety of tourist trips.

Keywords: devaluation, crises, threats, multiplicative effect, tourist industry, economic security, system of indicators, thresholds, statistical analysis, tourist trips

Abstract: Molotov-Ribbentrop’s pact signing marked the beginning of the two-year period of intensive economic cooperation between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. This article is dedicated to the analysis of trade between the two countries during 1939-1941 period, its role in the economic and technological development of civil and war economies. The main objectives of the article was the research of mainly foreign archive materials and literature and presentation of its results concerning the two sides’ intentions, reasons of close cooperation establishment and the structure of trade. The evaluation of cooperation is mentioned in the conclusion as well as the discussion on appropriateness of the Pact for the Soviet Union.

Keywords: Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Hitler, Stalin, war economy, economic cooperation, Germany, the Soviet Union.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.3.32850

Abstract: This article is dedicated to examination of the impact of social factors upon the state of national economic security, which is a vital segment within the overall system of national security. Insurance of national economic security implies activities aimed at elimination of factors that negatively affect the development and independence of the national economy. Such factors, of internal or external origin, are views as threats to national economic security. The subject of this research is internal threats that emerged as a result of unfavorable socioeconomic policy of the state. The author describes the impact of Turkish socioeconomic policy upon the state of its economic security by means of establishing a causal connection between certain manifestations of the unfavorable socioeconomic policy of the country and the emergence of threats to national economic security. The scientific novelty consists in definition of socioeconomic policy of the state as a factor affecting both, economic and national security. This hypothesis is substantiated by the following conclusions: 1) Effectiveness of socioeconomic policy of the state depends on differentiation of the distribution of benefits in the course of its realization; serving the interests of particular population group results in destabilization of the society and risks of civil confrontation, which leads to negative consequences for the national economy and adversely affects the state of national economic security. 2) Excessive burden on state budget with social and economic expenditures may negatively affect the state of national economy in the conditions of upcoming macroeconomic cataclysms. This is what happened in Turkey, when a substantial part of state budget dragged national economy to the bottom in terms of the United States economic sanctions and subsequent crisis of 2018.

Keywords: crisis, state, threat, domestic, security, economic, national, Turkey, social, policy

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39266

Abstract: The subject of the study is the grain market of Russia and the EAEU as one of the priorities in the field of national security. The problem of illegal export of grain crops from Russia to Kazakhstan is considered. The article analyzes the issue of re-export of grain to third countries, illegal grain exports and the impact of quotas and tariff restrictions on the development of grain supplies abroad. The issue of the possibility of administering grain export bans with a high length of the Russian border, as well as the impact of such bans on the EAEU member states, is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the issue of changing the structure of grain exports and the search for new export directions. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the issue of ensuring the country's food security in retrospect of interaction with the EAEU member states. The current statistical data on the availability of farmland and arable land per capita in the world and in the EAEU countries are presented, data on the structure of acreage and grain production in Russia and the EAEU over the past three years are summarized. Forecasts for the volume of grain production and exports in 2022 are presented. The article analyzes the trend of increasing quotas and tariff restrictions for exporters of agro-industrial products and the impact of these restrictions on the country's food security. The issue of searching for new importing countries of agricultural products from Russia in the context of increasing sanctions is being considered. The problems of the grain market, which have worsened due to the current geopolitical situation, and ways to solve these problems at the state level are identified. The question was raised about the need to change the ratio of the shares of processed products and raw materials in the export structure, in the direction of increasing the volume of grain products with added value, whose share in the current structure of grain exports is less than 30%. Recommendations for improving the transparency and stability of the grain market are proposed.

Keywords: grain deal, export potential, illegal export, cultivated areas, wheat, sanctions, tariff restrictions, EAEU, Russia and Kazakhstan, grain market

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.6.9998

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.6.63878

Abstract: The article concerns the existing situation in the institutional system of management of insolvency of economic subjects of Ukraine. The author analyzes the legislative and methodological problems, analyzes the experience of formation and development of an institutional management system in the insolvency sphere from the moment when the institution of bankruptcy was formed in Ukraine. Based upon the analysis from the global experience, the author clarifies the approach towards the development of institutional support of the state functions in the sphere of insolvency, which would have due regard for the situation in the state. It is established that the choice of model depends on the goal to form the necessary institutional conditions for the efficient performance of regulating functions by the state. It is also noted that there is need to revise the functions of the Bankruptcy Department, which serves as a special agency in this sphere. The analysis of specialized institutional systems in different states also allows to point out the approaches, which may be used in Ukraine for the development of its own institutional system aimed against unlawful (purposeful and fictitious) bankruptcies in the national economy.

Keywords: global experience, institution of bankruptcy, insolvency, unlawful bankruptcy, enter prise ban k r uptcy, insolvency, state regulation, institutional system, market economy, anti-crisis management

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.3.22439

Abstract: The subject of this research is the points of view of the modern Russian politicians regarding the impact of Russia’s entrance into the WTO (World Trade Organization) upon the agroindustrial complex. The article provides assessments of the modern Russian politicians and entrepreneurs pertaining to the consequences of entrance of the Russian Federation into WTO for the Agroindustrial Complex, which have already took place or expected. The majority of feedbacks coincide in one important aspects: the consequences could turn out not as disastrous if not the long decline period in the infrastructure of rural areas throughout the period of 1990’s. A big portion of decline in population among the rural residents who have moved to the cities on the background of demographic downturn, schools closure, lack of financial support for rural medicine, uncontrolled import of agricultural products containing GMO, protection of Russian lands and mineral resource – these are namely the questions currently discusses by any authors on the topic of Russian rural life. The article introduces the numbers of downfall in Russia’s agricultural production during the 1990’s, as well as suggestions of analytics regarding the normalization of situation with the agricultural production. The author leans on the comparative analysis of mass media materials, retrospectively provides the expert opinions of politicians and public figures, and civil society representatives. The main conclusion consists in the thesis that the attitude towards the carried out economic reforms from the perspective of their impact upon the Agroindustrial Complex among the experts is quite ambiguous. Being unsatisfied with the state of agriculture, they give opposite recipes for its recovery. The author notices that the critical part of public speeches of the politicians is similar in many ways. The state of the Russian Agroindustrial Complex is affected by Russia’s entrance into WTO. However, this step of the Russian government overlaps with multiple preceding and future political events. The very questions about Russia’s entrance into WTO is strongly politicalized, which indicates the relevance of this topic for the various groups of civil society.

Keywords: food security, agricultural production, Agroindustrial Complex, socio-economic problems, WTO, Russian village, expert opinion, public opinion, political parties, World Trade Organization

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.1.62348

Abstract: The Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 12, 1993 enshrines the right of every citizen to participate in cultural life, to use the cultural institution and to have access to cultural values (Art. 44). This obligation is supported by the state by establishing responsibility for its violation. In particular, the failure to perform the obligations under p. 3 of Art. 44 of the Constitution may lead to negative legal circumstances in accordance to the legal mechanisms in various spheres of Russian law, including criminal law. Since the Russian legislation provides for the responsibility for the violations of cultural rights and freedoms, which are most dangerous for individuals, society and state, this study is devoted to the issues of uncovering the crimes in this sphere, and to the development of the existing legislative base in order to improve the quality of law-enforcement practice in this sphere.

Keywords: jurisprudence, culture, values, protection, security, law, responsibility, elements, practice, improvement.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.38848

Abstract: The article is focused on the regional and national insurance mechanisms in developing countries. Their activities and these in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as strengthening geopolitical tension are considered. The subject of the analysis is the mechanisms of the functioning stabilization funds in developing countries, such as the Chong Mai Agreement, BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement, FLAR, EFSD, and the national insurance mechanisms in such countries as Russia and Saudi Arabia. The authors analyse the main formation stages and the purpose of creating these mechanisms, sources of funding and the main activities, as well as the structure of investment portfolios. The study is based on general scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as the presentation of tabular and graphical interpretation of statistical information, and time series. The novelty of the article lies in a comprehensive analysis of both regional and national insurance mechanisms in developing countries. Stabilization mechanisms, taking into account the volume of their financial resources, perform significant functions both at the level of the national economy of the member countries and at the regional level, while also influencing the world economy. However, their organizational activities and investment strategy are not always effective, and in this regard, it is advisable to conduct further research in this field.

Keywords: Russia, developing countries, national economy, macroeconomics, investments, world economy, sovereign wealth funds, world finance, global financial market, COVID-19 pandemic

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.1.62349

Abstract: This study is devoted to the theory of portfolio finances and the key stages of its development. The author defines “an efficient portfolio”. Its criteria include guarantees of expected profit in the conditions of any risk, and minimized risks in the conditions of any expected profit. The author analyzes the views of renowned Russian and foreign economists on the problems in this sphere of social relations.

Keywords: economics, investments, securities, portfolio theory, management, asset management, financial markets, banking portfolio, shares, bonds.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.9615

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.63364

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of state in the formation of institutional mechanisms within investment policy. It is pointed out in the article, that the state being a foremost important political institution, established the norms and rules for the economic activity subjects. The author also analyzes forms and directions of state influence, and it is noted that investment management is implemented by the state via various legal and normative acts, defining and regulating various parts of this type of activity. It is noted in the article that the state interference into the investment process is necessary to overcome the unfavorable tendencies, lack of attractiveness to investors in some regions and economic branches, passive behavior of economic subjects in the sphere of investment activities. The article includes a definition of the investment policy of the state, including the purposive actions of the state in order to guarantee beneficial conditions for investment, efficient use of investment potential of the state, in order to raise the economic level and to deal with the issues of social and economic development.

Keywords: institutional sphere, investments, state, state control, investment policy, direct foreign investments, economic security, state regulation, administrative methods, mechanism for investment regulation.

Abstract: It is currently necessary to develop the methods, which are aimed to guarantee the information security of the crucial objects, which should be stable towards the inner system disturbances and as well as to the purposeful outer electromagnetic infl uences. The article offers a number of approaches towards ensuring information security of crucial objects.

Keywords: military, information, security, electromagnetic, terrorism, protection, boundary, fi ltration, zoning, screening.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.9896

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.63357

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the situation in the space launching market and the possibility to involve the private investment funds for the development of a promising sector of space tourism. It is noted by the author that it shall facilitate development of tourism in general and partial revival of the space sector of economy. The author provide that the existing analogous space tourism services may be applied in the Russian space spheres. The author also states that it is possible that after a number of failures of the Scientific Production Center named after Khrunichev, which has been the main producer of the heavy spacelaunch vehicles till recently, the Rocket and Space Corporation “Energia” may return to this market. The author also supposes that provided that the tendency for the limited financing of the Russian space complex remains, the funds from commercial launchings shall allow to preserve the current potential and to develop new projects. All of the above in general allows to meet various demands of the market and forms the basis for the preservation of leading positions of Russia in the space launching market.

Keywords: national security, space, space tourism, investments into space sphere, spying complexes, tracing objects, RSC “Energia”, information domination, geo-politics, RSC “Proton”.

Abstract: A subjective side of a cluster can be explained in the interpretation, which is based on integration relations. The level of their closeness depends on organizational stability of participants. These ties may be more or less strict.

Keywords: economics, cluster, interpretation, integration, relation, participant, region, localization, territory, factors.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.9905

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.63365

Abstract: The article concerns the correlation of the living standard as a national security category, quality of foodstuffs and healthcare or health. It is pointed out that due to dependency of health of the population upon the quality of foodstuffs, the category of “health” is related to the foodstuffs security. It is also noted that the quality health care presupposes quality of medical aid, which cannot be achieved without the quality of working force, that is why the author studies the quality markers of working force in the sphere of healthcare. It is noted in the article that the main goal in the sphere of managing working force in the sphere of healthcare is to form an efficient model for the improvement of healthcare quality (medical services) and the measures for its further improvement.

Keywords: health, health care, living standard, national security, working force, quality management, working potential, competition capability, human capital, qualification of the personnel.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.38433

Abstract: Ensuring investment attractiveness is one of the most important aspects of a country's economic activity in modern international relations. Foreign investments make it possible not only to ensure expanded social reproduction in the country, but also expand the possibilities of technological and economic development of the state.The purpose of the work is to analyze foreign direct investment in the Russian Federation in general and the Republic of Tatarstan in particular. The analysis and evaluation of statistical data revealed a reduction in the number of projects involving foreign direct investment in Russia in 2017-2020. In modern conditions, it is necessary to recognize the decline in the investment attractiveness of Russia from investors in the United States and Europe, which may lead to an even greater compression of foreign investment flows. An alternative to foreign investments from the United States of America and Europe can be foreign investments from the countries of the Muslim world. Already today, Russia has friendly relations with the countries of the Muslim world, in addition, there are entire regions with a high density of Muslim population living on the territory of the Russian Federation. Thus, the Republic of Tatarstan, which is already one of the most investment-attractive regions of the Russian Federation and occupies the 3rd place in the list of regions of the Russian Federation most in demand among foreign investors, could play an important role in increasing the number of foreign direct investment.

Keywords: investment infrastructure, agro-industrial sector, industry, investment project, investor, foreign direct investment, gross investment, investment, special economic zone, countries of the Muslim world

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.15573

Abstract: The increase of tax revenues by the end of 2014 and the first quarter of 2015 is often interpreted as a positive result of the depreciation of the ruble and the proof of the efficiency of the tax system and tax administration. The growth of tax revenues will allow the state to expand the expenditure side of the budget. However, the growth of the absolute values of tax revenue caused by the volatility of exchange rate and inflation increase of tax bases may not provide the necessary level of tax safety of the state, which actualizes the threat assessment in the tax area The article have shown signs of increasing threat to the tax safety based on the analysis of dynamics of indicators of the growth rates and structure of tax revenues of the Russian Federation consolidated budget in the period from 2003 to 2014. It appears in the declining share of tax revenues in the value of the budget revenues by increasing of its nominal values. A stepwise decrease in the proportion of tax revenues since 2009 compared with the period from 2005 to 2008, and a higher rate of growth (decline) of tax revenues compared to the same indicator of GDP in periods of growth (decline), is demonstrated by using the method of graphical representation of the results of the study. A comparison of the dynamics of the growth rate and the share of tax revenues by type allow to making the conclusion about its current and future role in the formation of a profitable part of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that there are a high chance of a significant drop in tax revenues to the budget at the end of 2015, following the 2014 crisis, and the need to find potential sources to increase tax revenues of the budget system of the Russian Federation. It includes the enactment of progressive scale rates of personal income tax and the improvement of taxation of the extractive industries.

Keywords: tax activity, safety, GDP, revenue, indicator, assessment, budget, threat, tax, structure

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.67754

Keywords: tax activity, safety, GDP, revenue, indicator, assessment, budget, threat, tax, structure

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.18180

Abstract: The subject of this research is the mechanism of road network funding and the instruments of state regulation from the position of targeted and effective use of budget and business funds in the context of national security of the Russian Federation. The goal of this work consists in generalization of foundations and formulization of suggestions on solution of funding of the road network under the changing economic and geopolitical circumstances. The authors determine the current state of the road network funding within the established socioeconomic conditions, as well as formulate the possible solutions of development of the transportation infrastructure for the purpose of realization of the innovative model of economic growth of the Russian Federation. The particular recommendations on improvement of the road network funding are being proposed. During the course of this research the authors detected the main problems of road network : the global underfunding; absence of the contemporary normative base, systemic process of modernization, and implementation of new technologies and innovations; deficit of qualified personnel; extremely high-cost construction and maintenance of roads. The evolution of ideas with regards to road network funding is being presented in the historical aspects, as well on the example of the foreign experience; their advantages and disadvantages are being considered. The authors substantiate the use of the concept of targeted principle of road network funding through the system of specialized targeted transportation funds: targeted federal transportation fund, targeted regional and municipal transportation funds. The attraction of private investments based on the projects of state-private partnership is being recommended for the funding of new roadwork.

Keywords: Administrative legal regulation, Investments, State-private partnership, Transportation tax, Roadwork, Road system, Sources of funding, Funding, Road network system , Transportation strategy

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.67755

Keywords: Administrative legal regulation, Investments, State-private partnership, Transportation tax, Roadwork, Road system, Sources of funding, Funding, Road network system, Transportation strategy

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.2.14554

Abstract: Special economic zones as an instrument of state regulation of economic security of the regionsThis article examines the issues of state regulation of the territories with a special regime of economic and entrepreneurial activities, as well as the key problems in functionality of the special economic zones in the Russian Federation. A special economic zone is a part of national territory that has additional autonomy in business decisions, and a special regime of managing economic activity for foreign and domestic enterprises. The specificity of these zones lies in the various advantages for its participants: tax and customs incentives; various forms of subsidies; simplification of administrative obstacles. The main conclusion of this research consists in the fact that despite the short period of the existence of special economic zones in Russia, a positive experience in this sphere of activity has already been acquired. Creation of such zones in the future should become one of the elements of economic security of the country, especially in the area of import substitution industrialization.

Keywords: economic security, economy, production, innovation, technology, incentive, investment, country, import substitution, region

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.2.66407

Keywords: economic security, economy, production, innovation, technology, incentive, investment, country, import substitution, region

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.2.14575

Abstract: This article examines one of the instruments for ensuring regional tax security – management of tax potential. A special attention is given to such functions of tax administration as planning and forecasting. The author gives original definition to the category of “regional tax security”, and demarcates the notions “threats” and “risks” to the tax security. The article offers classification of the tax risks and identifies the environment within which they form. The author conducts the classification of the threats to the regional tax security and devises an original approach towards the process of making executive decisions on ensuring the regional tax security. The article presents a new logical model for ensuring regional tax security, which will contribute to the qualitative development of the tax administration as a whole. This work can open new prospects for further research.

Keywords: classification of risks, tax potential management , ensuring tax security, tax risks, threats to tax security, tax potential, regional tax security, planning and forecasting, goal tree, tax administration

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.2.66408

Keywords: classification of risks, tax potential management, ensuring tax security, tax risks, threats to tax security, tax potential, regional tax security, planning and forecasting, goal tree, tax administration

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.2.62620

Abstract: The author discusses the most considerable shortcomings of the Russian amortization policy, which preclude due implementation of one of its functions: the investment security guarantees. Firstly, the Russian amortization policy fails to guarantee collection and provision of the accurate information on the amount of amortization depreciations in specific enterprises, branches and regions. Secondly, it does not provide for the state control over the intended expenditure of amortization depreciations. Thirdly, it does not guarantee due intensity of simple reproduction of capital assets. Fourthly, it allows for the lowered cost of the property which is subject to amortization. The author also makes proposals in order to avoid the above-mentioned shortcomings.

Keywords: economics, security, investments, amortization, amortization policy, amortization fund, norms of amortization, accelerated amortization, reproduction, state regulation.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.3.12278

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.3.65065

Abstract: The article is devoted to the economic aspects of terroristic activity, since its escalation poses a growing threat to the security of most of the states in the world, causing huge economic, social, political and moral costs. Using vast amounts of Russian and foreign materials, the authors provide detailed analysis of economic losses from the acts of terrorism and counter-terrorist measures caused by them in specific states and branches of economy. The authors evaluate the issues of anti-terrorism activities and their optimization, as well as the insurance systems and compensation of damages, caused by the acts of terrorism. The study is based upon a complex method, involving the methods of categorical, empiric, subject-object, problem-chronological, comparative, structural-functional and statistical analysis. The scientific novelty is due to the social and economic substantiation of the comprehensive concept for fighting modern terrorism with due recognition of its modification and specifics of its manifestations due to the modern economic globalization processes, as well as due to the development of recommendations for making fight against terrorism more efficient and for lowering its economic, social, political, ethnic-cultural and moral costs.

Keywords: terrorism, terrorist act, economics, losses, crisis, efficiency, compensation of damage, compensation of harm, insurance, security.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.15154

Abstract: The subject of this research is the comparative analysis of the methods of assessment of the quantitative parameters of black market economy. In essence, in order to determine the volume of hidden economy, it is necessary to calculate the “shortages”. The article presents direct and indirect methods that are used by economists to assess and compare the black market economies of different countries. The black market economy is a complex and a diverse phenomenon. The authors of various theories interpret the nature of this phenomenon differently. The article gives an overview of the methods used in assessing the black market economy, and highlights their key merits and flaws. Amongst the methods of black market economic activity, the ones that have gained the most popularity are the statistical method of specific indicators, especially those such as the method of comparison of incomes and spending and method of currency demand. The author presents the results of assessment of black market economy in Russia using these methods.

Keywords: Unemployment, Russian black market economy, Business climate, Employment, Salary, Investments, Inflation, Macroeconomics, Informal sector, Under-the-table pay

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.66592

Keywords: Unemployment, Russian black market economy, Business climate, Employment, Salary, Investments, Inflation, Macroeconomics, Informal sector, Under-the-table pay

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.3.65066

Abstract: The article provides for the specific features of oil and gas enterprises, which were formed by uniting production capacities in the post-Soviet territory, as well as potential benefits from centralized enterprise management and the criteria for evaluation of personnel workload. The author provides an example of the method of optimization for the similar divisions in filial enterprises of a large oil-and-gas companies, taking into account potential effect of the annual economy in labor costs. The author then gives recommendations regarding application of this method. The matter involves combination of enterprises, which is based upon tying several basic elements in different forms. The article involves evaluation by the author of the method for objective personnel workload based upon the example of the accounting and reporting department, as well as the enterprise as a whole. The author formulates a number of conclusions: 1. Today some the oil-and-gas enterprises in the post-Soviet territory, which were formed by uniting the production capabilities, fail to pay due attention to economic and efficient management system. 2. Taking into account the long-term perspectives for the development of oil-and-gas industry lack of economic and efficient management structures makes an enterprise less attractive for investments, raises the costs, complicated the process of production modernization, makes the enterprise system less flexible. 3. The offered method of objective evaluation of personnel workload is universal and it allows to take into account all of the factor having influence upon the everyday work of the personnel. 4. The author provides recommendations as to the key directions for the centralization of the enterprise administration functions.

Keywords: economics, strategic management, management centralization, personnel optimization, salary fund, oil and gas industry, business processes, restructuring, optimization, personnel.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.66593

Abstract: The key problem in the realization of ideas for neo-industrialization of Russia is the deep divide between mining and processing industries, which are the object of this research. The large-scale neo-industrial reforms require mobilization of a significant amount of finances, activating reforms within the tax system, which provides substantial portion of the revenue into the budget. As a result, the subject of this research is the tax instruments for regulating the mining, processing, and oil industries. The goal of this research is to evaluate the rationality of the government tax policy in the context of the need to shift from exporting raw materials model of economy to neo-industrial. The author analyzes the data from the usage of GDP for the period from 1995 to 2014, and assesses the tax revenue from the mining and processing industry within the budget system for the period from 2006 to 2014. The research into the priorities of the tax policy of the Russian Federation and the conducted analysis of the statistical information demonstrate a growth in preferentiality of the tax regime towards the oil industry in the post-crisis period of 2008,

Keywords: tax, export-commodity economy, oil industry, manufacturing industry, mining industry, neo-industrial development, tax maneuver, tax policy, tax burden, export duty

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.66594

Abstract: This article demonstrates the role and the place of lease financing in providing economic security of business. The author gives characteristics to the economic security and determines the criteria for ensuring economic security in structuring an effective system of lease financing. Economic security of the subjects of lease financing is directly tied to four key concepts: “interests”, “independence”, “competitiveness”, and “stability”. The theoretical significance of this work is defined by the research of the effect of the sources of financing, terms of the lease agreement, and financial state of the subjects of a lease upon ensuring effectiveness of economic security of the subjects of lease financing. The significance of the research is substantiated by the overall aim of the conceptual and methodological developments, methodological recommendations for structuring and advancing an efficient system of lease financing for the customers of leasing market. Ensuring economic security of lease financing suggests account of the influence of sources of lease financing upon the financial state of lease subjects.

Keywords: Lease financing, Economic security, Business safety, Economy, Security, Lease, Effective system, Criteria for economic safety, Terms of a lease agreement, Lease subjects

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.3.62824

Abstract: The author of the article analyzes the modern state of valuation activities in the Russian Federation and views both legislative and methodological problems directly related to business valuation. The author evidently shows that there is a need in using an independent method of business valuation as an efficient instrument of managing a company in the system of national economy. The author also describes the structure and analyzes valuation methods, the latter including a significant number of different approaches to valuating the cost of a company. The author proves that it is necessary to improve existing valuation methods and develop (or improve) economic instruments so that they would cover all the numerous issues related to business valuation. At the same time, the author notes that the concept of economic profit can be used as the basis for creating new models and business valuation methods which would take into account the system approach.

Keywords: assessment, cost, business, method, complex, advantage, disadvantage, activity, model.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.18025

Abstract: The subject of this research is the process of increasing the share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for the purpose of increase of their competitiveness and acceleration of transition to innovative type of development. The object of this research is the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy that produce products used for ensuring national security. The tasks of this work consist in the analysis of consequences of the increased share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises and systematization on the basis of this analysis of positive and negative consequences for their financial and economic activity and its results. The authors systematize the consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for their financial and economic activity and its results. The role of the state in this process and the possible consequences of its realization connected with decrease in the budgetary load of the state are being analyzed. The novelty of research consists in identification of possible consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy producing production used for ensuring national security. The main conclusions of the conducted research is that the current increase in a share of intellectual property in assets of the enterprises becomes the general trend of development and the general tendency providing increase of their competitiveness and transition to innovative type of development.

Keywords: National, Immaterial, Innovative, Security, Enterprise, Property, Development, Assets, Capital, Intellectual

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68015

Keywords: National, Immaterial, Innovative, Security, Enterprise, Property, Development, Assets, Capital, Intellectual

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.18428

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the issues of methodological foundations of the quantitative measurement of the level of national economic security. The object of this research is the systems of indicators of economic security, while the subject is the main problems of the indicative method of evaluation alongside the basic requirements that should be submitted for such systems. The author thoroughly examines the most well-known systems of indicators of the national economic security, including the officially confirmed by the Security Council of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the prospects of the applied use of such systems in practical economic policy. The main conclusion of this research consists in the statement that methodological approaches towards the establishment of indicative systems of such type require sufficient expansion, and that the most well-known systems of such type contain logical contradictions, as well as errors of the statistical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of a methodological base for development of the new system of indicators of economic security, which takes into account the flaws of the preceding research in this area. The author determines a number of tasks, the solution of which should lead to creation of such system of indicators.

Keywords: reference indicator, threshold indicator, interval indicator, critical threshold values, indicators of economic security, indicators systems, national security, economic security, quantitative assessment, monitoring

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68016

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.19666

Abstract: This article analyses the ideological prerequisites, content, and experience of application of the spatial analysis in examination of regularities of the establishment of territorial differences of crime indexes and causative complex of criminality in general. The author describes the prospects of implementation of the results of spatial analysis of development of the socioeconomic processes in increasing the efficiency of functionality of a system of social control over crime. Analysis of the modern sociopolitical situation in the Russian Federation from a territorial perspective gives grounds to review criminality as one of the parameters of the state of social community of certain level. A strong interrelation of criminality with the social wellbeing of the members of this community is subjected to criminological research– the better it is (in comparison with the social wellbeing of the members of typologically similar communities of people), the lower are the crime indexes. In its turn, the social wellbeing of population of a specific social territorial community depends on the rates and vectors of its development: the more dynamic and gradual is the development of a peculiar social community in socioeconomic or other aspects, the higher is the level of social wellbeing of people within this community. Crime indexes serve as an indicator of the state of social organism of certain scale (on the level of settlement, region, or country as a whole), the “activation” of which, i.e. a comparative decline of crime indexes, alerts about the emergence of a certain dysfunction inside this organism. The most unfavorable among them that leads to a stable increase of the crime rate, is the occurrence of misbalance between the potential of socioeconomic development, and the character and rates of such development in reality. Crime indexes along with its dynamics must one of the targeted indicators in evaluation of efficiency of implementation of the socioeconomic policy on all levels.

Keywords: Spatial analysis, Territorial socioeconomic systems, Factors of socioeconomic development, Political-economic institutions, Social control, Institutional structure of society, Territorial differences of crime, Geography of crime, Causes of crime, Criminality

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68017

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.4.12653

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.4.65412

Abstract: The object of studies involves measures, which are aimed at guaranteeing operational efficiency of the armed forces, and which are implemented within the structural units of the Armed Forces and enterprises in the defense industry. A measure is any goal-oriented activity within the framework of economic relations in the process of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of military products. The object of studies involves specific economic relations regarding the most efficient ways for the use of material, labor and financial resources in order to achieve the goals set for the Armed Forces. The methodology of studies involves substantiation of the measures in order to guarantee the operational efficiency of the armed forces taking into account the costs of holding them and results achieved (effect). The article concerns the problems of using military economic analysis at the current stage of formation of the Armed Forces of Russia. The authors present the main stages of analysis, establishing the main directions for the use of military economic analysis in order to make the use of the economic resources of the Armed Forces more efficient. The authors propose the ways for the improvement of use of means in the process of military training, exploitation and repairs of arms and military machinery.

Keywords: military economic analysis, economic evaluation, means for improvement, exploitation and repairs, problem of efficiency improvement, arms, military machinery, efficiency, goals of military economic analysis, economy of the armed forces, efficiency markers.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.4.65413

Abstract: The article concerns the problems regarding application of the judicial doctrines on counteractions against the tax evasion, which are formed in the practice of tax dispute resolution regarding the tax optimization means used by the taxpayers. The author defines place and role of judicial doctrinal norm-making as a methodological instrument for guaranteeing economic security of the state and having special value in the absence of due legislative regulation in this sphere in combination with the large-scale spread of tax evasion and its deep penetration into the economic relations. The author provides critical analysis of the most popular judicial doctrines in the Russian practice, evaluating their efficiency from the standpoints of their application on one hand in order to protect the economic interests of the state from the abuse by the fiscally obliged persons, and on the other hand in order to form unburdening conditions for the good faith implementation of the tax obligations, guaranteeing a fair balance of public and private economic interests. The author draws a conclusion that the provisions of currently used doctrines involve systemic contradictions, and they often contradict each other, both by their internal structures and grounds for their application, the are more or less unspecific and abstract, or they have very narrow sphere of implementation. Finally, the author provides provisions allowing for the harmonization of the practice of doctrinal lawmaking in the tax sphere.

Keywords: tax, judicial doctrine, avoiding taxation, economic security, state, taxpayer, good faith, tax profit, business goal, arbitration practice.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.4.15923

Abstract: This article examines the approaches towards management of state corporations from the perspective of ensuring stable growth of Russian economy and providing security. Two types of management of state corporations are being highlighted – traditional and innovative, including the differentiating aspects of both. The author substantiates the fact that the current approaches towards strategic management of state corporations need optimization and improving. In this article an attempt is made to systematize and propose a number of original approaches towards classification and improvements to the methods of strategic management of state corporations in foreign and Russian practice. The author demonstrates that under current conditions, which make it absolutely essential to have a planned and stable step by step development of national economy and economic subjects that form it, the use of innovative approach towards strategic management of state corporations is an objective necessity, corresponding to the current situation and scientific achievements in the management sphere.

Keywords: proactivity, innovative approach, indicative planning, learning management, objectives management , state corporations, strategic management, state management, delegation of authority, functional strategies

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.4.66740

Keywords: proactivity, innovative approach, indicative planning, learning management, objectives management, state corporations, strategic management, state management, delegation of authority, functional strategies

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.8992

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.63062

Abstract: The article contains analysis of the current situation regarding the use of offshore companies in order to avoid taxation and movement of the taxation center from the Russian Federation to the states with beneficial taxation. The article ref lects upon the measures taken in legal and tax practice of foreign states against abuse of offshore by physical persons and legal entities in order to minimize taxation. The authors make a number of propositions on economic measures, which should facilitate transfer of taxpayers into the sphere of legal business and due payment of taxes. As the practice shows, the key factors in support of the use of offshore companies within foreign jurisdictions include physical accessibility and convenience of jurisdiction, minimal requirements (absence of such requirements) towards disclosure of information on beneficiaries of the companies, simplified accounting, free access to cheap credit resources through the stock circulation in the foreign markets, as well as meticulous protection of banking and audit secret. However, at the top of the list is so-called ‘comfortable” taxation, which means absence of taxes on profits from the activities of foreign resident companies. Among the economic measures aimed to facilitate the transfer of bad-faith participants of foreign economic activity into the sphere of legal business and tax payment, it is necessary to establish the mechanisms of taxation of income of controlled foreign companies in the Russian Federation; to introduce the “offshore” tax and to create the mechanism for divulging the information about Russian beneficiary owners for the tax and customs bodies; legislative provisions for the term “ offshore zone”. Finally, the complex of such economic measures shall guarantee the f low of capitals from the offshore to the Russian Federation, it shall support the balance of payment and Russian currency.

Keywords: deoffshorization, the Russian Federation, taxation, avoiding, companies, offshore, legalization, business, jurisdiction, reporting.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.9070

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.63063

Abstract: The article shows that the transfer to the market economy required a serious reconstruction of the methods for reporting financial results and formation of a novel approach to the accounting of sources of financing of organization spending. As a result of analysis of the current legislation, it is established that the use of income in the organization for the consumption, except for dividend payments, by lowering the passive sub-accounts on Account 84 “Reserve profit (unrecovered loss)”, including assets reporting, is not supported by current legislation. The authors also prove that due to referring spending to Account 84, the general sum of spending is lowered and the sum of general financial result is groundlessly heightened. It results in groundless awards to the executive body of a unitary enterprise based on the results of the accounting year, harming the owner (the state). Also other users of accounting (financial) reports are misled as to the efficiency of the financial and economic activities of the state.

Keywords: spending, account, reserve profit, reporting, calculation, method, reflecting, owner, loss, opinion.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.2560

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.63064

Abstract: This article is devoted to the issues regarding guarantees of efficient interactions between the state government bodies and businesses in the sphere of implementation of priority national projects in the Russian Federation. The author considers that it is possible for the Russian Federation to keep its sovereignty and independence on the condition that its economy shall be structurally modernizes and the quality of living standard of its people shall be improved. These changes may only be implemented thanks to the joint efforts of the state and society by implementing priority national projects in the Russian Federation. Russian businesses should play the most important role in these processes. The article includes analysis of the obstacles in the way of cooperation of the state government bodies and private economic entities in the sphere of implementation of priority national projects, and the author also makes propositions for the measures to overcome these obstacles as soon as possible.

Keywords: jurisprudence, independence, priority national projects, state sovereignty, modernization, national security, sustainable development, living standard, business.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.19796

Abstract: The object of this research is the efficiency of functionality of the renewed institution of special economic zones (SEZ). The subject of this research is the existing mechanism of assessment of the efficiency of work of SEZ under the changed economic conditions. The article performs an analysis of the flaws and violations in the work of the Russian SEZ, as well as demarcated the parameters of assessment of SEZ efficiency in general and efficiency of the functionality of SEZ in particular. The authors analyze the combination of indexes aimed at examination of functionality of the special economic zones in the Russian Federation, as well as international level. The propositions regarding the ways of adjustment of the current Russian methodic of assessment of SEZ are being formulated. The rules of assessment of the efficiency of functionality of SEZ were introduced by the Russian government in 2013, and did not undergo any changes until the present time. Thus, the scientific novelty lies in suggestions pertaining to the improvement of this mechanism, considering the international experience and results of the audits of SEZ by the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: Investment attractiveness, Strategy of promotion, Created work places, Financial schemes, Managing companies, Relative indexes of efficiency, Absolute indexes of efficiency , Assessment of efficiency, Violation of functionality, Special economic zone

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.68553

Keywords: Investment attractiveness, Strategy of promotion, Created work places, Financial schemes, Managing companies, Relative indexes of efficiency, Absolute indexes of efficiency, Assessment of efficiency, Violation of functionality, Special economic zone

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.21049

Abstract: The subject of the research is the labor potential of Far East, considered in the context of the problems of regional economic development and national security of Russia. The object of research is the Far Eastern region as a priority area of development, which in the XXI century became the locomotive of economic growth and a national security guarantor in the Asia-Pacific Region (APR). The main scientific and practical problem of the article is the gap between the need to ensure a high threshold of national security in the Asia-Pacific region and the limited labor potential of the region. The purpose of the article is to study the process of formation and development of labor potential in Far East of Russia in the system of economic growth and the strengthening of Russia's national security. The methodological basis of the article includes the general theses of the modern economic and political sciences, in particular, national security, the theory of development of labor potential, human capital theory, used by system analysis. The author proves the significant role of the labor potential of the region to ensure the national security and its strategic role in the sustainable development of the modern Russian economy, determines the historical conditions of formation of labor potential in the Far East, considers state support ways of its growth in the twentieth century and actualizes tendencies of its development in the late XX - beginning of XXI centuries. The study reveals the reasons for the depopulation of the region and the potential loss of employment in the last quarter of a century, and on this basis, considers factors and causes of aggravation of threats to national security today. The article describes the necessity of recovering and increasing employment potential, underlines the leading role of the Strategy of socio-economic development of the Far East until 2025 in the development of human capital, which is implemented through the concept of territories of advancing social and economic development (TASED). Special attention is paid to various ways of recovery of labor potential in the Far East. The research results are valuable in terms of updating the current problems, determining the prospects of formation of labor potential and strengthening of national security of Russia in the Asia-Pacific region.

Keywords: human capital of region, labor shortage, demographic pressures, strategic threats, Russia's National Security, potential of Far East, labor potential of Russia, sustainable development, regional development strategy, territory of priority development

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.68554

Keywords: human capital of region, labor shortage, demographic pressures, strategic threats, potential of Far East, labor potential of Russia, sustainable development, regional development strategy, territory of priority development

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.21449

Abstract: The established “banking” model of financial infrastructure of Russian does not have the resources for development in the long-term perspective. Low level of involvement of the institutions of financial infrastructure into financing of the development of national economy defines the relevance of examination of the possible consequences of preservation of this model in the context of country’s financial security under the conditions of global competition. The subject of this article is the role of the institutions of financial infrastructure in ensuring Russia’s financial security. Special attention is given to the analysis of the established structure of sources for financing of the investments and main capital. The author substantiates the necessity of converting the acting model of financial infrastructure development into the “institutional”. During the course of this research, the author proposed the four possible scenarios of further development of Russia’s economy, depending on the vector of development of the national financial infrastructure in mid and long-term perspective. Under the conditions of global competition, the priority is given to the “target” and the “optimistic” types of scenarios, which meet the requirements of financial security. The conclusion is made on the need for generating the mechanism of ensuring financial security to the Russian Federation along with determining the possible tools of its implementation.

Keywords: global competition, stability, sustainable development, capital investments, institutional model, bank model, financial security, financial infrastructure, bonded financing, bank loan

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.68555

Keywords: global competition, stability, sustainable development, capital investments, institutional model, bank model, financial security, financial infrastructure, bonded financing, bank loan

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.16232

Abstract: The subject of this research is the railroad transportation companies and the tasks of forecasting and determining occupational hazards that are based on the system of indexes of using primary assets and facilities. The author gives a detailed examination to such aspects of the topic as achieving priority strategic goals of development of national economy thorough proper level of development of transportation infrastructure. A special attention is given to such problems of railroad transportation as low technical level of maintenance base of primary assets and facilities and unsatisfactory condition of its operational and productive base. The conducted research allowed the author to make the conclusion on the fact that cutbacks in construction and reconstruction of infrastructure objects on the Russian railways, as well as the rate of renovation and replenishment of depots with newer equipment contribute to a significant degradation of technical state and their functionality. Thus, as the most optimal means for increasing efficiency of the railroad transportation the author proposes a system of forecasting and determining occupational hazards that is based on the indexes of usage of primary assets and facilities.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.66985

Keywords: Primary assets and facilities, Indexes, Wear, Railroad transportation, Infrastructure, Occupational hazard, Construction, Performance, Russian Railways, Technical state

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.16262

Abstract: The subject of this research is the illicit financial flows that emerge in developing countries as a result of money laundering, tax evasion and bribery. The author underlines that the main international standards on the fight against illicit financial flows are focused on the following strategic areas: money laundering, tax evasion, corruption, reimbursement of the illegally transferred funds. The author thoroughly describes that the illegal financial outflow forms by the means of two sources:1) import-export scams; 2) outflow of speculative capital. The statistics demonstrated in this article shows that Asian developing countries accrue almost half of the total amount of illegally transferred assets. The author analyzes the reports of such non-governmental organizations as: Tax Justice Network (report “The Price of Offshore Revisited”) and International Financial Integrity (report “Global Illicit Flows from Developing Countries over the period of 2003-2012), report of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) “Illicit Financial Flows from Developing Countries. Assessment of Countermeasures”. The main conclusion of the conducted research is the urgent need for developing countries to reevaluate and abandon agreements on avoiding double taxation; accepting the position on the auto exchange of tax information, requirements of transnational corporations to publically reveal their data about each country on incomes, profit, losses, sales, paid taxes, and personnel capacity.

Keywords: illicit financial flows, money laundering, tax evasion, international corruption, portfolio investment, direct investment, developing countries, black economy, multinational company, cash-out transaction

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.66986

Keywords: black economy, developing countries, direct investment, portfolio investment, international corruption, tax evasion, money laundering, illicit financial flows, transnational corporation, financial embezzlement

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.5.10675

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.5.65584

Abstract: Analysis of Germany’s development of tourism as a complex and integral system, allows addressing the issue of designing a version of national model of a quality (safe) and competitive tourism product. From the beginning of the 1920’s, tourism in West Germany and other Germanspeaking countries has been viewed by researchers as a complex and integral system, in which the correlation of all its components results in the ability to offer the consumer a safe and high-quality tourism product. At the foundation of the tourism product of Germany, Switzerland, Austria and other German-speaking countries lies in the consistency and interdisciplinarity of tourism research. The methodological basis of this research is the systemic approach and comparative analysis; it offers comparative analysis of the conceptual and terminological construct of the problem. The article presents: analysis of the model of a tourism product (on the example of a travel and tourism company TUI AG); comparative analysis of conceptual and terminological construct of the problem; proposal of a version of a model of forming a quality (safe) tourism product within travel region; offers the key components of a safe tourism product. The field for implementation of the results of the research is the theory and practice of developing national tourism. The relevance is presented in the possibility of using the positive experience of a systematic development of tourism in West Germany, and applying it in our own tourism by forming upon this foundation a quality (safe) national tourism product.

Keywords: Tourism system, tourism model, safe tourism product, risk management, crisis management, travel offer, risk analysis, causes of crises, travel product, model of a tourism product.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.12430

Abstract: Under the circumstances of the growing economic sanctions against Russia from the United States and the European Union, resulting from the events in Ukraine, Russia may once again end up in the situation of a “Continental Blockade”, similar to the one that took place between the 1808 and 1812. The integration of Russia into the Continental System, enacted by Napoleon in the struggle against Great Britain, has led to the degradation of the conditions of Russian foreign trade. But the rapid decline of 1808 was not caused by the dissolution of trade relations with England (Russia’s key foreign trade partner), as much as it was by Britain’s retaliatory actions, blocking the coast of Baltic Sea, as well as the embargo by the United Sea. It is evident that the quantitative research is impossible without using a substantial amount of statistical data, and as demonstrated by the analysis of the dynamics of the import and export prices, the negative consequences of Continental Blockade for Russian economy during the Napoleonic Wars were greatly exaggerated. There is no doubt that today the United States have significantly more capabilities than Napoleon had to exert pressure on the Russian economy. Even now, the sanctions affect not only the foreign trade, but the financial operations of Russian banks and companies. But Russia’s membership in the WTO virtually denies the Western countries the ability to directly implement trade limitations.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.67239

Keywords: Continental Blockade, Embargo, Economic sanctions, Export, Treaties of Tilsit, Cotton mills, Relative prices, Trade conditions, Ruble’s exchange rate, Sugar industry

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.67240

Abstract: The subject of this research is the dangers and threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation in the area of innovation security. The object of the research is the quantitative trends of development in the sphere of R&D, more specifically: staffing of R&D, the current situation in the area of financing of R&D and activity of subjects of various forms of property. Innovation security represents the key factor that ensures the economic and national security of the country. The relevance of this works is justified by the importance of growth of the R&D sector of Russian economy, as well as the ability to ensure national security and expanded reproduction of national economy. The goal of this article is to research the quantitative trends in the dynamic of the system of objects of innovation security such as science and personnel, techniques and technologies, products and services, realization and commercial use. The results of this analysis allowed the authors to conclude on the existence of the processes that limit the work on research and development. In the conditions of the increase in scientific and technical aspects of international competitiveness, these trends pose a threat to the national security of the Russian Federation and increase the vulnerability of Russian economy to the domestic and foreign threats.

Keywords: Research and development, Financing structure, Expenses, Personnel, Investment volume, Trends, Development forecast, Threats, Crisis, Innovation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.67241

Abstract: This article analyzes the conceptual approaches, key trends, and prospective directions of research in the area of energy security within the framework of political discourse. It examines the global aspect of energy security, and analyzes the specificity of modern international energy relations and causes of competitiveness for access to energy resources, as well as the risks on the path of ensuring national and international energy security. A special attention is given to the subjects of energy relations. The author assesses the level of their influence upon the state of the energy market, the role in strengthening global energy security, as well as forms and means of their cooperation. The author reviews the form of state-private partnership as the most efficient way to ensure energy security. The conceptual approaches towards energy security reflect the entirety of the problems emerging before the countries on their path towards energy stability. As a result, on the background of the expanding spectrum of global risks it is extremely important to have a dialogue between the countries in the area of energy partnership, and it is important to conduct a politological analysis of the problems of energy security, which would contribute to understanding of the processes, trends, and forecasts of development of the energy markets.

Keywords: National security, Energy security, Russia, Politics, Political science, Political regime, State, Interests, Values, International relations

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.14317

Keywords: efficiency, competitiveness, risk management, business entity, enterprise, system of management, economic security, tools, crisis management, ensure

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.3.11919

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.15620

Keywords: tax, export-commodity economy, oil industry, manufacturing industry, mining industry, neo-industrial development, tax maneuver, tax policy, tax burden, export duty

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.4.10708

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.17119

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.14261

Keywords: devaluation, crises, threats, multiplicative effect, tourist industry, economic security, system of indicators, thresholds, statistical analysis, tourist trips

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.10956

Keywords: Lease financing, Economic security, Business safety, Economy , Security, Lease, Effective system , Criteria for economic safety, Terms of a lease agreement , Lease subjects

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.12958