National Security - rubric Reliability factor in security systems

Abstract: The article entitled: «Methodological principles of measuring resources required for maintaining of the security measures for the people subject to the protection of the state» dwells upon the questions of the program goal-oriented planning of the activities of the state executive authorities. The article is of the interest for the specialists in the field of management of federal authorities dealing with security measures, law-enforcement agencies, and other executive authorities of the Russian Federation, researchers and educational facilities. Keywords: economics, economical security, markers of costs, security, economics, financial policy, state protection, goal-oriented programs, state power, executive power

Abstract: uarantees of property security. The author comes to a conclusion that it’s necessary to establish legal regulation of state protection of property in the parallel with the administrative and civil law. At the same time, it’s noted that the relations, which form in the sphere of protection of objects, subject to obligatory protection by MIA, should be regulated by norms of administrative law, and the rest of cases with the norms of civil law. The author also provides his authorial concept of development of the system of state property protection of the requisite objects. The author also analyzes the key means of support of the activities by the MIA in the sphere of property protection by physical and legal persons. Keywords: jurisprudence, security, protection, MIA, agreement, theft, property, concept

Abstract: In the article it is evidently shown that the world crisis is nothing more but the completion phase of another global cycle of centralization and liberation. In order to overcome the crisis state institutions are using centralized government now. However, in Russia the period of centralization is much longer than the period of linearization. Therefore, it will be essential to change the liberal identity of Russia's elite. Economic and political security of Russia needs a new system of state planning and management of economy and scientific and technological progress. Creation of a Russian center of the capital, in its turn, is closely connected with the development of intellectual organizations which compatibility would be based on the results of fundamental scientific researches.

Keywords: security, state institution, system, planning, management, progress, capital, intellect, company

Abstract: The article contains the analysis of security and risks in technosphere. It is underlined that the global processes ongoing in social, economic, environmental and industrial spheres have their impact on Russia’s life and society as well. In Russia now the target goals include the increase of well-fare and development of national security

Keywords: political sciences, politics, technoshere, risks, security

Abstract: The gas crisis of 2009 caused discussions in some EU member states regarding the raw material dependency of the EU and the need to diversify the supply of energy feedstock from the point of view of directions of its transformation in order to increase energy security of European customers. On the opposite for Russia, as a supplier, energetic security means guaranteed markets for supply, and it is economically dependent on them.

Keywords: political science, Slovakia, Russia, EU, energetic, security, dependency, gas, diversification, oil

Abstract: The key role for economic consistency of the state is set for formation and development of a competitive national economy, which in turn calls for all accessible mechanisms to facilitate reform and improvement of inner market institutions. First of all, it’s necessary to choose a competitive economy, as well as its priority branches, having economic potential for higher competitiveness, to establish factors and elements, which influence the level of development of competitive relations and mechanisms through the prism of foreign economic competitiveness.

Keywords: economics, methods, evaluation, competition, model, rate, analysis, level, region, marker

Abstract: The article includes economical and legal analysis of guarantees for economic security of the region, using the category of “cadre potential”.

Keywords: economics, jurisprudence, economic security of the region, cadre potential of the region, economic guarantees, security of the region, economic security of the constituent subject of the Russian Federation, evaluation of economic security of the region, indicators of economic security, outer cadre potential of the region, inner cadre potential of the region

Abstract: The author studies the problems of ensuring national security of critically important objects, which are stable in the situations of disturbances within the system and the in the situations of purposeful outer electromagnetic infl uences.

Keywords: information security, electromagnetic infl uence, protection, forceful destructive infl uence, radioelectronic means, screening.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.4.22866

Abstract: The subject of this study is the safety of vital activity of the flight and engineering-technical personnel of state aviation. The object of this study is the acoustic safety of professional activities of the flight and engineering-technical personnel of state aviation. The authors meticulously examine such aspects of the topic, as the assessment of working conditions of the flight and engineering-technical personnel of state aviation considering the noise and infrasound; risks of reducing the overall and professional performance due to the impact of the acoustic factor; as well as reliability of the flight and engineering- technical personnel of state aviation. Methodology of the research combines the methods of engineering acoustics, reliability theory, aviation medicine, occupational medicine, ergonomics, and probability theory. The main conclusion consists in substantiation of the need for developing and implementing the special means and methods to ensure the acoustic safety of professional activity of the flight and engineering-technical staff of state aviation as an integral part of the system for providing the safe aircraft operation. It is demonstrated that the system for preventing the negative impact of noise upon the aviation personnel must be comprehensive, as well as include technical and organizational measures, monitoring of the working conditions of flight and engineering-technical personnel, availability and proper application of the individual and collective noise protection, dynamic medical supervision over the flight and engineering-technical personnel of state aviation, with the implementation of a complex of medical-preventive and health-improving measures.

Keywords: working conditions, state aviation, flight crew, engineering and technical staff, acoustic-hygienic environment, acoustic factor, aircraft noise, acoustic safety, professional performance, reliability of operations

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.2.19899

Abstract: The subject of this research is the influence of the aggravated international situation and crisis economic phenomena upon the energy complex of the Russian Federation. On one hand, there had emerged a number of new threats to the energy security of the Russian Federation, which carry foreign policy and foreign economic character. On the other hand, the continuous worsening of technical state of the equipment and use of the outdated technologies makes the Russian energy companies inefficient and non-competitive in the international market, as well as elevate the social tension in the country. The author examines the threats to Russia’s energy security emerged due to the various external (geopolitical, macroeconomic, conjuncture, etc.) and internal (state and functionality of the energy sector) factors. The work demonstrates that the problem of energy security must be viewed in the context of ensuring national security to the Russian Federation. The author suggests introducing into the National Security Strategy an additional category of “energy aspects of national security”. The article also underlines the importance of measures aimed at restoration and development of the national production of energy technologies, increase of economic efficiency and functionality of the energy complex, as well as formulation of the approaches towards financing of energy complex in Russia under the conditions of the limited capital market.

Keywords: sanctions, national security, investment climate, depreciation of capital assets, geopolitical situation, internal threats, external threats, outdated technology, economic crisis, energy security

Abstract: In this article the author analyzes the directions for the improvement of the legal basis of the objects of use of nuclear energy and transportation in 2011, he provides the data for 2011, then he provides specific ideas as to improvement of fighting terrorism and its financing.

Keywords: jurisprudence, bases, security, transportation, energy, nuclear, terrorism, financing, improvement, fighting.

Abstract: Use of cloud computing when forming the IT – infrastructure of the organization presupposes that the organization shall not control the aspects of security directly. There is need to guarantee conifdentiality of the data, when forming the architecture based on the cloud computing. The approach of modelling the data processing with the Petri nets in accordance with the requirements of the security policy of the organization allows to gain important information on the structure of multi-level system of access management in the hybrid cloud area. In the end it allows to follow dynamic behavior of processing critical data in the modelled system.

Keywords: security models for the computer systems, cloud computing, public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud, security requirements, data confidentiality, modelling.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.33286

Abstract: Relevance of the selected topic is defined by implementation of autonomous robotic systems of various designation. The object of this research is the algorithmic problems emerging in monitoring the security of algorithms. The author determines the existing contradiction between the need for automation of robotics and the complexity of software implementation of this requirement. The research is carried out on the example of implementation of robotics in transport and military spheres. Realization of the trends of automation in these spheres generates certain legal and technological problems associated with algorithmic support of the autonomous systems. The indicated problems manifest in unrecoverable application errors, divided by the experts into the errors of first and second grade. The primary cause for the occurrence of such errors in robotics consists in misuse of autonomous robotic systems software. If for conventional technical systems the consequences of such errors and responsibility thereof are predictable, the problem of implementation of the autonomous robots needs to be addressed. Using the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the author examines the key aspects of the current state and prospects of algorithmization of usage of autonomous systems. Leaning on the general review of algorithmic problems of implementation of autonomous robots, implications and manifestation of errors of first and second grade emerging in their implementation, the author synthesizes articulation of the scientific problem of division of responsibility between the developers and the users of systems in the context of elaboration of algorithms of their implementation,

Keywords: algorithm control, user responsibility, developer responsibility, problems of using robotics, algorithmic support, battlefield robotics, autonomous combat robots, autonomous robotics, external constraints of algorithms, internal constraints of algorithms

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.6.9585

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.6.63871

Abstract: Cloud services, which are currently regarded as one of the most attractive modern infor mation technologies, are capable of both optimizing the information security management processes, and complicating control over critical data and counter-measures for security incidents in an organization. Solution to the problem of timely and goodquality outsourcing and information security risks analysis for the cloud architecture systems shall allow to solve numerous problems related to protection from threats of use of information and telecommunication technology for illegal purposes. The wide spread and application of cloud computing requires the need for adaptation and development of the existing risk evaluation models for information systems. The approach presented in this article may be used for evaluation of risks in information systems, functioning on the basis of cloud computing technology and for the evaluation of efficiency of current security measures. At the same time, risk evaluation includes the stages of analysis and evaluation, and the risk analysis includes identification and quality evaluation of risk. Evaluation guarantees are provided based upon defining the risk context (choice of risk criteria and defining the scope of analysis). The quantity evaluation of risks is understood as a modeling process, including development and analysis of alternative risk scenarios and the formation of risk functions, defining the possibility for the risk situation taking place.

Keywords: i n for mat ion secu r it y, cloud computing, public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud, risk evaluation, risk model, influence matrix, loss matrix, dependency matrix.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.14173

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the solution of the issue of returning the capital from offshore back to Russia (de-offshorization). The object of this research is the world offshore centers that provide tax “sanctuary” for the Russian capital. The research focuses on the mechanisms, methods, and tools that would allow returning this capital back into the Russian economy. The article analyzes the causes of appearance of offshore zones and their functional direction, and unravels the notion of offshore business. It further analyzes the main incentives that are offered to the residents of the offshore zones. An evaluation is given to the bases for emerging and the scale of functionality of the global offshore business. The author examines the causes for the capital outflow from Russia into the offshore zones and proposes the organizational-legal measures in order to resolve this problem. The result of this research became the analysis of the causes and consequences of the offshorization of global economic system, assessment of the negative effects of this phenomenon for Russia, and development of number of proposals on de-offshorization of the Russian economy in order to form a comprehensive financial mechanism that would stimulate the development of investment attractiveness of the country.

Keywords: public administration, investment attractiveness, offshorization of economy, tax evasion, tax planning, tax breaks, offshore business, offshore zone, entrepreneurial activity, competitiveness

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.66135

Abstract: The article is devoted to the key issues of regulation in the sphere of ecological and technogenic security. The author views a new paradigm of security management due to the introduction of the national risk standards, growing role of civil defence and its new model. The author shows scientific, governmental and administrative measures, aimed to avoid and lessen the harmful consequences of dangerous ecological and technogenic processes, such as development of the monitoring and forecasting system for extraordinary situations, use of scientific, technological achievements, as well as strategic risks concept. The author notes the means to raise the level of security in the regular life of people via formation of the culture of secure behavior, changes in world-view and values of people, individual and social culture.

Keywords: warfare, vital sustainance, nature, strategy, management, situation, catastrophe, harm, danger, processes.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30489

Abstract: The object of this research is the social relations characterizes by the elevated corruption risks. The subject of this research is the system of views on the concept of “risk” developed within the Russian and foreign science, as well as the legal norms aimed at minimization of legal risks or generating such. The author explores the corruption risks substantiated by ambiguity and gaps in the current legislation. The reference point of this research becomes the definition of risk developed in the economic theory, the attributes of which, if adapted, can be applied in legal science. The article analyzes the definition of risk developed in foreign literature, as well as the world practices on minimization of the corruption risks. It is established that legal science, in the area of reducing corruption risks, does not carry interdisciplinary character, which is caused particularly by the absence of full-fledged institution of civil liability of private and legal entities for corruption offences. The author determines that the national legislation does not fully implement civil forfeiture for corruption offences, which in turn, is widely used in the countries with low level of corruption. The study reveals the dependence of stability of national security on the number of corruption risks in the legal or other spheres.

Keywords: legal risk, risk, civil confiscation, anti-corruption policy, corruption risks, national security, corruption, risk factors, legal policy, uncertainty of law

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.38856

Abstract: The relevance of choosing the subject of research, as the use of autonomous robotic systems for various purposes and the object of research, which are algorithmic problems arising in terms of algorithm security control, is determined by the existing contradiction between the need for autonomous robotic systems and the complexity of the software implementation of this requirement. The study was conducted on the example of the application of robotics in the field of autonomous transport systems. The implementation of trends of autonomization in this area generates certain legal and technological problems related to the security of algorithmic support of autonomous systems. The manifestation of such problems are critical application errors that are problematic to identify at the development stage. In robotics, the main potential cause of these errors is the functioning of the software of autonomous robotic systems outside the framework of deterministic algorithms that were tested during their development. And if for conventional technical systems the consequences of application errors are predictable, and responsibility for their results is determined, then for the case of autonomous robots, the situation requires a solution. In the article, using general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the main aspects of the current state and prospects of the problem of algorithmization of the use of autonomous systems are investigated. Based on a review analysis of algorithmic problems of using autonomous robots, possible consequences and causes of algorithmic errors arising from their use, the formulation of the scientific problem of solving the problem of developing heuristic algorithms that determine their application using a dynamically formed system of predicate behavior similar to human morality is synthesized.

Keywords: algorithm security check, methods for checking algorithms, algorithm limitations, internal limits of behavior, external constraints on behavior, security control methods, control of heuristic algorithms, autonomous robotics, safety of robotic systems, rules of behavior for robots

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.2.62623

Abstract: The cultural heritage of the state is a multi-faceted matter, which should be evaluated not only as an element of national riches and well-being of the society, but also as the means for the accumulation of spiritual and creative immaterial assets of the state. The problem of preservation and rational use of cultural heritage objects has became especially topical in the modern Russia. That is why insurance becomes one of the most important and efficient financial means of protection of interests of the society as a while and owners of the historically valuable objects in particular. Joining insurance policy allows one to minimize the losses and risks in the process of holding and turnover of art objects. The article includes brief analysis of the existing tendencies in the insurance market for the art objects, and the analysis of the specific features of insurance of public and private objects of art in Russia. The author provides the basis for the great social value of the segment of insurance for the art objects, as well as for the need to further develop this type of insurance.

Keywords: economics, heritage, protection, insurance, risk, culture, art, value, antiques, objects.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.4.15920

Abstract: The author reviews the issues of reducing natural energy resources and the possibilities of switching to renewable resources of energy at the core of ensuring the security of the Russian Federation. A special attention is given to the newest progressive and innovative strategies pertaining to the issues of implementation of technologies for acquiring energy using untraditional methods. In this article the author substantiates the fact that the secret to energy security and efficiency lies namely in the sphere of renewable energy, as well as in power conservation. The author examines the organizational-economic mechanism for maintaining energy security and structures the system of implementation of progressive technologies in energy. The author presents periodization of development of economic sectors for the purpose of increasing productivity and export orientation, as well as balanced and stable growth based on the beginning stage of innovative development of the country and formation of long-term cross-industry scientific and technical plan. The results of the analysis of the potential of Russia’s energy resources allowed the discovery of a number of problems, which require attention from both, the government administration, and regional branches of government authority, which could play a key role in the formation of modern environmental and energy culture among Russian citizens.

Keywords: "green" certificate, energy Strategy, environmental Safety, alternative energy, geopolitics, national security, innovative development, energy security, Renewable Energy, power conservation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.4.66733

Keywords: "green" certificate, energy Strategy, environmental Safety, alternative energy, geopolitics, national security, innovative development, energy security, Renewable Energy, power conservation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.5.20726

Abstract: The subject of this research is the work of the manufacturers of food products and its influence upon provision of food security of the Russian Federation. It is substantiated that the primary object of the innovation activity of food manufacturers in the conditions of strong competition, growing demands of the consumers, as well as increase in external limitations and threats that hinder the development of the Russian food market, the quality of these goods is the crucial factor of their competitive ability. This research is aimed at determinations of the status and trends of the innovation activity of food manufacturers and prerequisites for its activation in the aspect of achievement of food security in Russia at the present stage. The characteristics is given to the influence of innovation upon provision of the quality of the produced goods in manufacturing country. The author analyzes the trends of innovation activity of the local manufacturers of food products. It is demonstrated that the provision of food security of the country is impeded by the low portion of innovation products in overall volume of products produced in the country, and also the emerging trend in decrease of the volume of technological innovations into the quality of these products, primarily in costs for research and development, as well as acquisition of the equipment. It is determined that the main driver in increasing the level of innovativeness and scientific capacity of the Russian food products lies in the process of import substitution that is intended to ensure high efficiency of the domestic production of the quality and competitive food products. The author highlights that the negative trend consists in decrease of the consumer ability of the country’s population regarding the food products. The essential task of the state economic policy in the area of ensuring food security of Russia consists in development of the effective measures that allow overcoming the existing negative trends, as well as turn import substitution into a mechanism, which is able to activate the innovation activity of food manufacturers towards the improvement of its quality and competitive performance, and thus, increase the food security of the country.

Keywords: competitiveness, import substitution, development strategy, food security, quality, innovation activities, efficiency, domestic manufacturer, scientific capacity, agriculture

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.5.68295