DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34674

Abstract: The goal of this article consists in understanding of the role of banking and parabanking institutions in ensuring shadow capital flow. The object of this research is the financial flows that serve shadow economy. The subject of this research is the capital outflow through banking and parabanking systems, shady transactions of commercial banks, and structure of money turnover. Methodological framework is comprised of systemic and integrated approaches. The article also employs the general scientific methods (scientific abstraction, unity of historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, methods of comparison and analogy), as well as special methods of cognition (monetary methods). Information database contains the official data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and Federal State Statistics Service. The following conclusions were formulated: 1) Policy of combating money laundering conducted by the Bank of Russia yields tangible results (significant reduction in the volume of shady operations; commercial banks fearing suspension or revocation of license are not interested in servicing such operations); 2) This leads to active development of more flexible, cost-effective, and uncontrolled by the Bank of Russia shadow banking (this is testified by the the growing role of the parabanking system in servicing of capital outflows), as well as of alternative financial instruments intended to conceal the affiliated entities and beneficiaries are gaining popularity (a number of cryptocurrencies); 3) Current situation (novel coronavirus pandemic, oil shocks) contributed to increase of the share of capital in circulation, which indicates the spread of shadow relations in the country. Therefore, the author underlines the need to ensure transparency of operations of parabanking institutions and their control by the state.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34670

Abstract: The object of this research is the public relations with regards to processing of information in the Unified Federal Information Register Containing Data on the Population of the Russian Federation n. Besides the Federal Law “On the Unified Federal Information Register Containing Data on the Population of the Russian Federation”, the subject of this research is legislation in the area of personal data and legislation on the critical information infrastructure. Based on the main formal and substantive aspects, the author defines the indicated register as a variety of register-based information; substantiates the relevance of application of the principles of framework regulation of information law in the context of creating the register; raises the question on the need to recognize the information system that processes data contained in the register as a valuable object of critical information infrastructure. The novelty of this research consists in the fact that this article is one of the first works dedicated to provision of legal security of the Unified Federal Information Register Containing Data on the Population of the Russian Federation. The following conclusions and proposals on improvement of legislation are formulated: 1) The principles of legal regulation established by legislation with regards to information as the object of legal regulation should be applied to the created register; any unauthorized actions with a separate register entry should be viewed as violation of integrity of the entire object. 2) Due to critical importance of the data contained in the register, it is essential to set confidentiality restrictions, and recognize the federal nformation system that processes data contained in the register as a valuable object of critical information infrastructure. 3) In the text of the Law “On the Unified Federal Information Register Containing Data on the Population of the Russian Federation”, it is necessary to specify the responsibilities of operator of the federal information system who maintains the federal register and compliance with the requirements of legislation on the security of critical information infrastructure. It is also necessary to clarify the provisions of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation that establishes a list of criteria of importance of the objects of critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation and their value.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34786

Abstract: The subject of this research is the key changes in the institutional provision of national security. The object of this research is the national security management. Provision of national security is an inextricable element of state administration. The article examines the system of views that reflect state’s position on the question of national security protection, presented in the legislative acts, conceptual and strategic documents considering amendments thereto. The goal of this study consists in determination of transformation of approach of the government of the Russian Federation towards ensuring national security. Federal laws, conceptual and strategic documents of the Russian Federation served as the information base for this research. The scientific novelty consists in systematization of approaches of the state towards understanding of boundaries and organization of national security protection of the Russian Federation. The conducted retrospective analysis allows tracing the changes in approaches of the states towards ensuring national security, observing the transformation of government’s priorities within and outside the country, as well as determining interdependence of the system of national security protection and its structure on the power of state’s authority and the status of development of administration in the Russian Federation. The overall conclusion of this research lies in the statement that the system of national security management is dynamic; its transformation depends on the international relations and factors outside the Russian Federation, as well as on the level of development and stability of the national system of administration.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34526

Abstract: Attention of the research dealing with the questions of security and defense for a long time was focused on the two traditional criteria of security – political and military. Security of an individual, group or community was usually neglected within the public discourse on security. However, in the 1990s, attention was riveted on other factors, which shifted the research interests from classical criteria (political and military) to the ones that have not been previously on the agenda of scientific debates. On of such criteria is the discussed in this article public security, which was virtually absent in the scientific research until the end of the XX century. The fall of the Berlin Wall, opening of the “Iron Curtain”, and disintegration of the bipolar world aroused broader interest to personal security – problems, opportunities, and dangers of humanity’s existence. The goal of this work consists in the attempt to describe and clarify the stance of Polish researchers on public security. The text is primarily of exploratory nature, and presents perspectives of the scholars on the topic.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34565

Abstract: The subject of this research is the sanctions imposed by Western countries against Russia in response to the Ukrainian events of 2014. Leaning on the available empirical data and expert assessments conducted by various financial and analytical structures, an attempt is made to identify the nature and severity of impact of sanction pressure upon different economic sectors of the Russian Federation, implemented for achieving the foreign policy goals. Emphasis is placed on the absence of uniform sanctions policy due to the specificity of foreign policy goals and peculiarities of sanction mechanisms used by the United States and the European Union. It is underlined that anti-Russian sanctions and Russia’s response in many instances are substantiated by the preceding trends in strategic vision of foreign and domestic policy by the Russian Federation, as well as the nature of its relations with the West. The conclusion is made that the focus in studying the problem of sanctions has shifted towards the political analysis and further analytical and scientific examination. The author believes that in the conditions of uncertainty of the economic effects and absence of common approaches towards understanding the prospects of sanctions policy by the Western countries the two main scenarios of its further development. It would either gradually fade out without “renewed efforts”, slowly negating its practical effect, and prompt the United States and the European Union intensify the dialogue with Russia, avoiding the problematic issues on the status of Crimea, implication in the events in South-Eastern Ukraine, etc.; or it can lead to full “politicization” of sanctions polity and its integration into the negotiation process on settlement of the Ukrainian situation and turning into a powerful tool for conducting negotiations.