DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.34472

Abstract: Leaning on the analysis of the provisions of economic science, which article assesses interrelation between the links of financial system of the country on the one hand, and the impact of the level of financial soundness of businesses and households upon financial security of public law entities on the other; as well as dependence of satisfaction of needs of the individual in public goods on the fullness of centralized monetary funds. Such dependence requires peculiar approach towards determination of financial self-sufficiency of micro-and macroeconomic agents; however, the majority of elaborations focus solely on the public finance, which become the reason for emergence of borderline state of regional economy upon the criterion of its protection from threats – conditionally secure or pseudo secure. In this regard, the goal of this article lies in development of the system of financial-economic indicators and their threshold values; its implementation is aimed at identification of negative trend – indicators of destructive processes in the national economy. The following methods were applied in the course of this research: general scientific – analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction for revealing the peculiarities of ensuring economic security of public law entities in the financial sector; specific scientific – statistical analysis for assessing financial-economic parameters of development of the territory; methods of qualitative assessment of the systems for differentiating the regions upon the criterion of security from financial threats. Considering mutual impact of public and private finance, the author develops the system of financial-economic indicators, the positive dynamics of which testifies to consolidation of financial self-sufficiency of economy of the territory; while negative dynamics in the medium and long-term period testifies to destabilization of certain vital processes of macro - and micro-subjects. Its peculiarity consists in combination of basic and additional coefficients that reflect financial situation of economic agents of various level and determination of their “thresholds”. Implementation of the author's approach in assessment of functionality of financial system of the country is aimed at identification of occurrence causes of borderline dangerous economic states of the territories.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.31677

Abstract: The subject of this research is innovative security of Rostov Oblast of the Russian Federation as a western border region in the present context of geo-economic uncertainty and intricacy. Relevance of this article is substantiated by the current geopolitical factor, when innovative systems of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation experience a strong negative external influence, which is a result of relations between Russia and Western countries. It has a greater impact on the border regions that are integrated into the international innovative and production chains, and have stable economic ties with the foreign partners. The novelty of this research consists in conceptualization of representations on innovative security through the prism of nonlinear dynamics of the complex open systems. The values of this research consists in empirical material acquired in the course of expert interviews. The comparison of obtained empirical qualitative and quantitative results allows concluding on the relatively consistent positive dynamics of innovative development of Rostov Oblast, but at the same time indicating the key issues in ensuring its innovative security in the new geopolitical realities.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.33286

Abstract: Relevance of the selected topic is defined by implementation of autonomous robotic systems of various designation. The object of this research is the algorithmic problems emerging in monitoring the security of algorithms. The author determines the existing contradiction between the need for automation of robotics and the complexity of software implementation of this requirement. The research is carried out on the example of implementation of robotics in transport and military spheres. Realization of the trends of automation in these spheres generates certain legal and technological problems associated with algorithmic support of the autonomous systems. The indicated problems manifest in unrecoverable application errors, divided by the experts into the errors of first and second grade. The primary cause for the occurrence of such errors in robotics consists in misuse of autonomous robotic systems software. If for conventional technical systems the consequences of such errors and responsibility thereof are predictable, the problem of implementation of the autonomous robots needs to be addressed. Using the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the author examines the key aspects of the current state and prospects of algorithmization of usage of autonomous systems. Leaning on the general review of algorithmic problems of implementation of autonomous robots, implications and manifestation of errors of first and second grade emerging in their implementation, the author synthesizes articulation of the scientific problem of division of responsibility between the developers and the users of systems in the context of elaboration of algorithms of their implementation,

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.34272

Abstract: Based on the data of obtained in the course of interviews of students of the Southern Federal District and North Caucasian Federal District conducted in 2019, the author analyzes the value preferences and ideological views. Modern youth gives priority to individual rather than group values (freedom of movement, personal security, independence of thought and action, etc.). A third of young people were undecided about their ideological-political preferences; while one fifth indicated that share liberal views. Youth promotes ecological values and care for the world. Majority of the interviewed students believe that it is essential to comply with the norms, rules, and laws, and support peaceful relations with others. Many respondents share tolerant views. All this signifies legal awareness of modern youth. Such social values as the ability to vote, social justice and equality are of high importance, which alongside anticipation of escalation of economic problems and demand for change, leads to social tension. The author also notes a high level of emigration moods; only a quarter of respondents have no intentions of leaving the country. Based on students’ understanding of the concept of patriotism, the author demarcates two points of views: the firs incorporates patriotic views with the Western liberal values; the second sees Russia as a separate unique country. However, these ideas did not directly contradict each other in mentality of the majority of students, but the selected answers in various question often opposing in meaning. This proves the theoretical hypothesis on the existence of cognitive-ideological matrices in mentality of the individual as a pre-reflexive environment, which shapes deliberate political beliefs.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.32369

Abstract: The subject of this research is the legal norms and scientific sources that characterize the ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety. The object of this research is the social relations that determine the framework for ensuring traffic safety. Examination of the normative legal acts and scientific literature, allows conducting a comprehensive analysis of ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety. The author indicates certain scientific problems of legislative regulation of the sphere under review, and resumes that the presence of state ideology within the system of legal norms is inevitable. The conclusion is formulated that the ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety are based on the system of views, ideas, and value orientations from the perspective of personal, social, and state levels. The author claims that the state uses law as the official ideology. The ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety, associated with implementation of state policy in indicated field of research, represent legal forms of ensuring traffic safety, which contribute to the perception of law by personal and public legal awareness, which positively impacts legal mentality of the society, reducing the risk of traffic accidents and their negative consequences. The novelty of this work consists in the comprehensive analysis of theoretical legal and organizational aspects that characterize the ideological grounds of ensuring traffic safety, determine controversial issues in legislative regulation of the system of views, ideas, and value orientations for ensuring traffic safety from the perspective of personal, social, and state levels.