DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.19491

Abstract: This article explores the process of transition from the Millennium Development Goals to the Goals of Sustainable Development due to the introduction of the new Agenda in the area of sustainable development for the period until 2030 (later Agenda-2030). The new global Goals of Sustainable Development, following the Millennium Development Goals, contain 17 goals in the area of sustainable development and associated with them tasks. The authors demonstrate that from the very beginning the Sustainable Development as a new form of development of civilization had “targeted orientation” and suggested realization and formulation of the targeted hierarchy necessary for the establishment of the effective global management. In the long view, sustainable development in its “anthropogenic” component should implement the goals and principles of the Sustainable Development, which will be determined with each new stage of development of such type of socio-natural evolution. The author substantiates the position that the concept of Sustainable Development must drastically transform in “global dimension” and cannot limit itself by a “triad” of interconnection between the economics, ecology and social sphere, at least in its modern perspective. It is noted that preservation of planet’s biosphere is one of the major goals of the transition towards sustainable development, as well as its natural foundation, on which the sustainable development should be based upon, representing a new, gradually evolving and acquiring a global scale socio-natural process. The authors discuss the concept of planetary boundaries that establishes the corridor of global environmental security, within the limits of which the biosphere is being destroyed by the anthropogenic activity to the minimal degree.

Keywords: planetary boundaries, noosphere, carrying capacity of ecosystems, natural security, Global governance, biosphere, security, sustainable development, Millennium Development Goals , Goals of Sustainable Development

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68007

Abstract: This article explores the process of transition from the Millennium Development Goals to the Goals of Sustainable Development due to the introduction of the new Agenda in the area of sustainable development for the period until 2030 (later Agenda-2030). The new global Goals of Sustainable Development, following the Millennium Development Goals, contain 17 goals in the area of sustainable development and associated with them tasks. The authors demonstrate that from the very beginning the Sustainable Development as a new form of development of civilization had “targeted orientation” and suggested realization and formulation of the targeted hierarchy necessary for the establishment of the effective global management. In the long view, sustainable development in its “anthropogenic” component should implement the goals and principles of the Sustainable Development, which will be determined with each new stage of development of such type of socio-natural evolution. The author substantiates the position that the concept of Sustainable Development must drastically transform in “global dimension” and cannot limit itself by a “triad” of interconnection between the economics, ecology and social sphere, at least in its modern perspective. It is noted that preservation of planet’s biosphere is one of the major goals of the transition towards sustainable development, as well as its natural foundation, on which the sustainable development should be based upon, representing a new, gradually evolving and acquiring a global scale socio-natural process. The authors discuss the concept of planetary boundaries that establishes the corridor of global environmental security, within the limits of which the biosphere is being destroyed by the anthropogenic activity to the minimal degree.

Keywords: planetary boundaries, noosphere, carrying capacity of ecosystems, natural security, Global governance, biosphere, security, sustainable development, Millennium Development Goals, Goals of Sustainable Development

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.19207

Abstract: The object of this research is the technical means of ensuring security. The subject of this research is the questions of increasing the efficiency of technical means of ensuring security based on application of the so-called “intellectual technologies of security”, which allow processing information received from the technical means of ensuring security, but with quality equal to a human operator. The author suggests classification of the tasks of intellectual processing of information, as well as conducts an analysis of the scientific-technical and organizational difficulties that accompany the solution of these tasks. The article examines the questions of comparison and evaluation of the quality of intellectual technologies alongside the main issues of normative regulation, emerging during the practical implementation of such technologies. The scientific novelty consists in the proposed classification of intellectual tasks peculiar for the security systems, as well as in formalization of the scientific-technical tasks associated with the development of intellectual technologies of security. The analysis of the specificities of development of intellectual technologies allowed making conclusion on the purposefulness of establishment of a special center of competency which would coordinate the work in this area.

Keywords: Efficiency of security systems, Intellectual technologies, Intellectual tasks, Systems of information processing, Internet of things, Identification of images, Normative regulation of security, Safety city, Technical means of security, Intellectual systems

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68008

Abstract: The object of this research is the technical means of ensuring security. The subject of this research is the questions of increasing the efficiency of technical means of ensuring security based on application of the so-called “intellectual technologies of security”, which allow processing information received from the technical means of ensuring security, but with quality equal to a human operator. The author suggests classification of the tasks of intellectual processing of information, as well as conducts an analysis of the scientific-technical and organizational difficulties that accompany the solution of these tasks. The article examines the questions of comparison and evaluation of the quality of intellectual technologies alongside the main issues of normative regulation, emerging during the practical implementation of such technologies. The scientific novelty consists in the proposed classification of intellectual tasks peculiar for the security systems, as well as in formalization of the scientific-technical tasks associated with the development of intellectual technologies of security. The analysis of the specificities of development of intellectual technologies allowed making conclusion on the purposefulness of establishment of a special center of competency which would coordinate the work in this area.

Keywords: Efficiency of security systems, Intellectual technologies, Intellectual tasks, Systems of information processing, Internet of things, Identification of images, Normative regulation of security, Safety city, Technical means of security, Intellectual systems

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.17720

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problems of providing legal countermeasures to terrorism in the Russian Federation, which the author defines as internal contradiction, gaps and inefficiency of current system of norms of anti-terrorism legislation, which determines the regulatory influence upon the public regard of this sphere. They include discorrespondence of goals with the final result, forms and contents of the spatial and time boundaries of the action of legal regime of the counterterrorism operations, as well as number of others. The goal of this work consists in substantiation of the proposals and recommendations aimed at improving the mechanism of legal regulation of public relations on counterterrorism. The scientific novelty lies in specification of the goals, concretization of the order of introduction, and agreement of the space and time boundaries of the action of the legal regime of anti-terrorism operation, ensuring its elasticity and correlation of the content of the regime measures with the norms of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, as well as harmonization of the elements of the legislative system in the sphere of counterterrorism.

Keywords: Countermeasures to terrorism, Counterterrorism operation, Terrorist act, Legal regime of counterterrorism operation, Disruption of terrorist attack, Legally protected interests, Folding terrorism plans, Legal infliction of harm, Harmonization of legislation, Terrorism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68009

Abstract: The subject of this research is the problems of providing legal countermeasures to terrorism in the Russian Federation, which the author defines as internal contradiction, gaps and inefficiency of current system of norms of anti-terrorism legislation, which determines the regulatory influence upon the public regard of this sphere. They include discorrespondence of goals with the final result, forms and contents of the spatial and time boundaries of the action of legal regime of the counterterrorism operations, as well as number of others. The goal of this work consists in substantiation of the proposals and recommendations aimed at improving the mechanism of legal regulation of public relations on counterterrorism. The scientific novelty lies in specification of the goals, concretization of the order of introduction, and agreement of the space and time boundaries of the action of the legal regime of anti-terrorism operation, ensuring its elasticity and correlation of the content of the regime measures with the norms of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, as well as harmonization of the elements of the legislative system in the sphere of counterterrorism.

Keywords: Countermeasures to terrorism, Counterterrorism operation, Terrorist act, Legal regime of counterterrorism operation, Disruption of terrorist attack, Legally protected interests, Folding terrorism plans, Legal infliction of harm, Harmonization of legislation, Terrorism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68010

Abstract: The subject of this research is the combination of legislative norms that regulate public relations with regards to protection of the complex legal regime of classified information. The author carefully examines such aspects of this topic as the peculiarities of establishment of the object of legal regime of state secret through the procedure of classification and declassification of information, the illegitimate distribution of which can inflict harm on national security. Special attention is given to the types of the used restrictive and regime-setting lists and their importance in the process of establishment of the legal regime of classified information. The author notes that the cases of inappropriate designation of the lists used in preservation of state secret are common in the current legislation and law enforcement practice; as well as there has not been established legal regime for the information, referred as state secret in accordance with the applicable procedure, after being declassified. The author expresses an opinion the declassification of information should not violate the rights of private parties and corporations, as well as preserve the legal regime established before declassification of information. Other issues of establishment of the legal regime of state secret are being determined during the course of this research.

Keywords: list of classification, list, state secret, legal regime of information, secrecy, confidentiality, secret, information of limited access, information law, list of declassification

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68011

Abstract: The subject of this research is the Constitution, laws, and delegated legislation of PRC that reflect the aspects of legal regime of the classified information of China. The object of this research is the regularities and trends of development of public relations being established in China in the process of ensuring legal regime of state secret. The author carefully examines such aspects of the topic as the peculiarities of the current legal regime, which affects the efficiency of ensuring national security of the country. A special attention is given to the possibilities of using a number of its institutions for improving Russia’s legislation. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this is one of the first works in Russian science of administrative law, which is dedicated to the study of legal foundations of the regulation of the institution of state secrecy by modern legislation of China. The main conclusion of this work is expressed in the multifacetedness of this issue; the possibility of its solution is necessary for effective insurance of national security, and confirms the need for continuation of active research in this area of national security and active use of comparative method.

Keywords: State secret, Ministry of State Defense, State Council of PRC, Counterintelligence, Legal regime, Information, Responsibility, Russian Federation, Foreign experience, National security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.19144

Abstract: The subject of this research is the combination of legislative norms that regulate public relations with regards to protection of the complex legal regime of classified information. The author carefully examines such aspects of this topic as the peculiarities of establishment of the object of legal regime of state secret through the procedure of classification and declassification of information, the illegitimate distribution of which can inflict harm on national security. Special attention is given to the types of the used restrictive and regime-setting lists and their importance in the process of establishment of the legal regime of classified information. The author notes that the cases of inappropriate designation of the lists used in preservation of state secret are common in the current legislation and law enforcement practice; as well as there has not been established legal regime for the information, referred as state secret in accordance with the applicable procedure, after being declassified. The author expresses an opinion the declassification of information should not violate the rights of private parties and corporations, as well as preserve the legal regime established before declassification of information. Other issues of establishment of the legal regime of state secret are being determined during the course of this research.

Keywords: list of classification, list, state secret, legal regime of information, secrecy, confidentiality, secret, information of limited access, information law, list of declassification

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.16894

Abstract: The subject of this research is the Constitution, laws, and delegated legislation of PRC that reflect the aspects of legal regime of the classified information of China. The object of this research is the regularities and trends of development of public relations being established in China in the process of ensuring legal regime of state secret. The author carefully examines such aspects of the topic as the peculiarities of the current legal regime, which affects the efficiency of ensuring national security of the country. A special attention is given to the possibilities of using a number of its institutions for improving Russia’s legislation. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this is one of the first works in Russian science of administrative law, which is dedicated to the study of legal foundations of the regulation of the institution of state secrecy by modern legislation of China. The main conclusion of this work is expressed in the multifacetedness of this issue; the possibility of its solution is necessary for effective insurance of national security, and confirms the need for continuation of active research in this area of national security and active use of comparative method.

Keywords: State secret, Ministry of State Defense, State Council of PRC, Counterintelligence , Legal regime, Information, Responsibility, Russian Federation, Foreign experience, National security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.17807

Abstract: The object of this research is the information warfare, which can be carried out within the framework of color revolution and/or hybrid war. The subject of this research is the role of strategies of demolition and exhaustion that are being examined with regards to information warfare in the aforementioned conflicts. It is stated that the strategies of information warfare can be viewed as the varieties of strategies of demolition and of exhaustion implemented in conventional conflicts. The author determines the content and mutual influence of the strategies of demolition and exhaustion in the information warfare pertaining to color revolution and hybrid warfare. It is underlined that in the modern conflicts “hard power” is being implemented in combination with the non-military methods of affecting the enemy, including the information-psychological warfare. The author examines the role of public diplomacy and “soft power” in the information warfare. The approaches towards development of Russia’s strategy in counteracting information warfare are being proposed. The main conclusion of this work lies in the necessity of establishment of countermeasures against the disruptive information technologies in political-administrative, cultural-economic, and cultural-worldview spheres, taking into account the use of the two interconnected information strategies of demolition and exhaustion by the adversary. The author’s main contribution consists in justification of implementation of the strategies of demolition and exhaustion in color revolution and hybrid warfare correspondingly. The author is first to attempt to pursue correlation and interconnection between the strategies of demolition and exhaustion in the information warfare of modernity.

Keywords: Adjustment, Threats, Model, National security, Controlled chaos, Strategy of exhaustion, Strategy of demolition, Information warfare, Hybrid war, Color revolution

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68012

Abstract: The object of this research is the information warfare, which can be carried out within the framework of color revolution and/or hybrid war. The subject of this research is the role of strategies of demolition and exhaustion that are being examined with regards to information warfare in the aforementioned conflicts. It is stated that the strategies of information warfare can be viewed as the varieties of strategies of demolition and of exhaustion implemented in conventional conflicts. The author determines the content and mutual influence of the strategies of demolition and exhaustion in the information warfare pertaining to color revolution and hybrid warfare. It is underlined that in the modern conflicts “hard power” is being implemented in combination with the non-military methods of affecting the enemy, including the information-psychological warfare. The author examines the role of public diplomacy and “soft power” in the information warfare. The approaches towards development of Russia’s strategy in counteracting information warfare are being proposed. The main conclusion of this work lies in the necessity of establishment of countermeasures against the disruptive information technologies in political-administrative, cultural-economic, and cultural-worldview spheres, taking into account the use of the two interconnected information strategies of demolition and exhaustion by the adversary. The author’s main contribution consists in justification of implementation of the strategies of demolition and exhaustion in color revolution and hybrid warfare correspondingly. The author is first to attempt to pursue correlation and interconnection between the strategies of demolition and exhaustion in the information warfare of modernity.

Keywords: Adjustment, Threats, Model, National security, Controlled chaos, Strategy of exhaustion, Strategy of demolition, Information warfare, Hybrid war, Color revolution

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68013

Abstract: In this work the author focuses his attention on the process of international dialogue with regards to the questions of information security. The object of this research is the information policy of CIS countries on international arena. The goal of this article consists in determination of specificity of the stages of CIS countries’ work over the establishment of the normative legal and methodological base of ensuring the international information security. In order to achieve the set goal it is necessary to detect the key disputes on this issue with the Western colleagues, as well as to underline the dynamics of the notion “information security”. The scientific novelty consists in the acquired results during the course of this research pertaining to the assessment of CIS countries international policy in the information-communication sphere within the framework of the stages of its development throughout the period of 1990-2015. The analysis of the work of regional institutions from a perspective of the intergovernmental documents allowed explaining the conclusions that currently CIS states attempt to establish a complex and open system of international information security based on compliance of its participants to the universal rules that ensure security of information environment. The author presents the characteristic of CIS states information, its goals and principles in the context of three periods of its development.

Keywords: Normative base, Political manipulation, Cybercrime, United Nations, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Sources of threats, Regional information security, Information space, Information security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.17585

Abstract: In this work the author focuses his attention on the process of international dialogue with regards to the questions of information security. The object of this research is the information policy of CIS countries on international arena. The goal of this article consists in determination of specificity of the stages of CIS countries’ work over the establishment of the normative legal and methodological base of ensuring the international information security. In order to achieve the set goal it is necessary to detect the key disputes on this issue with the Western colleagues, as well as to underline the dynamics of the notion “information security”. The scientific novelty consists in the acquired results during the course of this research pertaining to the assessment of CIS countries international policy in the information-communication sphere within the framework of the stages of its development throughout the period of 1990-2015. The analysis of the work of regional institutions from a perspective of the intergovernmental documents allowed explaining the conclusions that currently CIS states attempt to establish a complex and open system of international information security based on compliance of its participants to the universal rules that ensure security of information environment. The author presents the characteristic of CIS states information, its goals and principles in the context of three periods of its development.

Keywords: Normative base, Political manipulation, Cybercrime, United Nations, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Sources of threats, Regional information security, Information space, Information security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.19364

Abstract: The object of this research is the participation of the Albanian organized crime in opiate transit by the so-called Balkan route (Afghanistan - Western Europe). The position of Albania in transit network and its role in drug trafficking is being analyzed. The authors thoroughly explore such topics as the structure and principles of the Albanian Mafia, mechanisms of decentralization and conspiracy of organized crime, problem of the analysis of its activity at national level, as well as structure and characteristics of the Balkan route of drug shipments to Europe. In the first part of this research the authors assume that Albania is one of the main drug distributers in Europe.The research is based on the method of network analysis, involving the construction of a network graph and identify the most influential actors by evaluating the betweenness centrality and closeness centrality expressing various measures to control a particular node on the network. Network analysis has been successfully applied to study the logic of attitudes and behavior in many informal or criminal organizations, including terrorist networks.The main conclusion of the study is the position of Albania as a network broker which has a direct access  or an access through its Balkan neigbors to the two out of four largest European markets. The hypothesis on its status as of the country responsible for drug distribution in Europe has not been confirmed. The mechanisms of interaction with the neighboring countries of Albania and their access to European markets are analyzed. The special contribution of the authors is a research of organizational structure of the Albanian mafia and Balkan route through the prism of network analysis. The novelty of the research consists in the implementation of the network method towards cooperation of the cpuntries with regards to drugs distribution in Europe.

Keywords: formal modeling, quantitative methods of analysis, Balcan Route, drug trafficking, Albania, network analysis, Albanian Mafia, international criminal networks, Europe, Cytoscape

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68014

Abstract: The object of this research is the participation of the Albanian organized crime in opiate transit by the so-called Balkan route (Afghanistan - Western Europe). The position of Albania in transit network and its role in drug trafficking is being analyzed. The authors thoroughly explore such topics as the structure and principles of the Albanian Mafia, mechanisms of decentralization and conspiracy of organized crime, problem of the analysis of its activity at national level, as well as structure and characteristics of the Balkan route of drug shipments to Europe. In the first part of this research the authors assume that Albania is one of the main drug distributers in Europe.The research is based on the method of network analysis, involving the construction of a network graph and identify the most influential actors by evaluating the betweenness centrality and closeness centrality expressing various measures to control a particular node on the network. Network analysis has been successfully applied to study the logic of attitudes and behavior in many informal or criminal organizations, including terrorist networks.The main conclusion of the study is the position of Albania as a network broker which has a direct access  or an access through its Balkan neigbors to the two out of four largest European markets. The hypothesis on its status as of the country responsible for drug distribution in Europe has not been confirmed. The mechanisms of interaction with the neighboring countries of Albania and their access to European markets are analyzed. The special contribution of the authors is a research of organizational structure of the Albanian mafia and Balkan route through the prism of network analysis. The novelty of the research consists in the implementation of the network method towards cooperation of the cpuntries with regards to drugs distribution in Europe.

Keywords: formal modeling, quantitative methods of analysis, Balcan Route, drug trafficking, Albania, network analysis, Albanian Mafia, international criminal networks, Europe, Cytoscape

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.18025

Abstract: The subject of this research is the process of increasing the share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for the purpose of increase of their competitiveness and acceleration of transition to innovative type of development. The object of this research is the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy that produce products used for ensuring national security. The tasks of this work consist in the analysis of consequences of the increased share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises and systematization on the basis of this analysis of positive and negative consequences for their financial and economic activity and its results. The authors systematize the consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for their financial and economic activity and its results. The role of the state in this process and the possible consequences of its realization connected with decrease in the budgetary load of the state are being analyzed. The novelty of research consists in identification of possible consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy producing production used for ensuring national security. The main conclusions of the conducted research is that the current increase in a share of intellectual property in assets of the enterprises becomes the general trend of development and the general tendency providing increase of their competitiveness and transition to innovative type of development.

Keywords: National, Immaterial, Innovative, Security, Enterprise, Property, Development, Assets, Capital, Intellectual

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68015

Abstract: The subject of this research is the process of increasing the share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for the purpose of increase of their competitiveness and acceleration of transition to innovative type of development. The object of this research is the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy that produce products used for ensuring national security. The tasks of this work consist in the analysis of consequences of the increased share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises and systematization on the basis of this analysis of positive and negative consequences for their financial and economic activity and its results. The authors systematize the consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for their financial and economic activity and its results. The role of the state in this process and the possible consequences of its realization connected with decrease in the budgetary load of the state are being analyzed. The novelty of research consists in identification of possible consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy producing production used for ensuring national security. The main conclusions of the conducted research is that the current increase in a share of intellectual property in assets of the enterprises becomes the general trend of development and the general tendency providing increase of their competitiveness and transition to innovative type of development.

Keywords: National, Immaterial, Innovative, Security, Enterprise, Property, Development, Assets, Capital, Intellectual

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.18428

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the issues of methodological foundations of the quantitative measurement of the level of national economic security. The object of this research is the systems of indicators of economic security, while the subject is the main problems of the indicative method of evaluation alongside the basic requirements that should be submitted for such systems.  The author thoroughly examines the most well-known systems of indicators of the national economic security, including the officially confirmed by the Security Council of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the prospects of the applied use of such systems in practical economic policy. The main conclusion of this research consists in the statement that methodological approaches towards the establishment of indicative systems of such type require sufficient expansion, and that the most well-known systems of such type contain logical contradictions, as well as errors of the statistical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of a methodological base for development of the new system of indicators of economic security, which takes into account the flaws of the preceding research in this area. The author determines a number of tasks, the solution of which should lead to creation of such system of indicators.

Keywords: reference indicator, threshold indicator, interval indicator, critical threshold values, indicators of economic security, indicators systems, national security, economic security, quantitative assessment, monitoring

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68016

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the issues of methodological foundations of the quantitative measurement of the level of national economic security. The object of this research is the systems of indicators of economic security, while the subject is the main problems of the indicative method of evaluation alongside the basic requirements that should be submitted for such systems.  The author thoroughly examines the most well-known systems of indicators of the national economic security, including the officially confirmed by the Security Council of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the prospects of the applied use of such systems in practical economic policy. The main conclusion of this research consists in the statement that methodological approaches towards the establishment of indicative systems of such type require sufficient expansion, and that the most well-known systems of such type contain logical contradictions, as well as errors of the statistical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of a methodological base for development of the new system of indicators of economic security, which takes into account the flaws of the preceding research in this area. The author determines a number of tasks, the solution of which should lead to creation of such system of indicators.

Keywords: reference indicator, threshold indicator, interval indicator, critical threshold values, indicators of economic security, indicators systems, national security, economic security, quantitative assessment, monitoring

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.19666

Abstract: This article analyses the ideological prerequisites, content, and experience of application of the spatial analysis in examination of regularities of the establishment of territorial differences of crime indexes and causative complex of criminality in general. The author describes the prospects of implementation of the results of spatial analysis of development of the socioeconomic processes in increasing the efficiency of functionality of a system of social control over crime. Analysis of the modern sociopolitical situation in the Russian Federation from a territorial perspective gives grounds to review criminality as one of the parameters of the state of social community of certain level. A strong interrelation of criminality with the social wellbeing of the members of this community is subjected to criminological research– the better it is (in comparison with the social wellbeing of the members of typologically similar communities of people), the lower are the crime indexes. In its turn, the social wellbeing of population of a specific social territorial community depends on the rates and vectors of its development: the more dynamic and gradual is the development of a peculiar social community in socioeconomic or other aspects, the higher is the level of social wellbeing of people within this community. Crime indexes serve as an indicator of the state of social organism of certain scale (on the level of settlement, region, or country as a whole), the “activation” of which, i.e. a comparative decline of crime indexes, alerts about the emergence of a certain dysfunction inside this organism. The most unfavorable among them that leads to a stable increase of the crime rate, is the occurrence of misbalance between the potential of socioeconomic development, and the character and rates of such development in reality. Crime indexes along with its dynamics must one of the targeted indicators in evaluation of efficiency of implementation of the socioeconomic policy on all levels.

Keywords: Spatial analysis, Territorial socioeconomic systems, Factors of socioeconomic development, Political-economic institutions, Social control, Institutional structure of society, Territorial differences of crime, Geography of crime, Causes of crime, Criminality

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68017

Abstract: This article analyses the ideological prerequisites, content, and experience of application of the spatial analysis in examination of regularities of the establishment of territorial differences of crime indexes and causative complex of criminality in general. The author describes the prospects of implementation of the results of spatial analysis of development of the socioeconomic processes in increasing the efficiency of functionality of a system of social control over crime. Analysis of the modern sociopolitical situation in the Russian Federation from a territorial perspective gives grounds to review criminality as one of the parameters of the state of social community of certain level. A strong interrelation of criminality with the social wellbeing of the members of this community is subjected to criminological research– the better it is (in comparison with the social wellbeing of the members of typologically similar communities of people), the lower are the crime indexes. In its turn, the social wellbeing of population of a specific social territorial community depends on the rates and vectors of its development: the more dynamic and gradual is the development of a peculiar social community in socioeconomic or other aspects, the higher is the level of social wellbeing of people within this community. Crime indexes serve as an indicator of the state of social organism of certain scale (on the level of settlement, region, or country as a whole), the “activation” of which, i.e. a comparative decline of crime indexes, alerts about the emergence of a certain dysfunction inside this organism. The most unfavorable among them that leads to a stable increase of the crime rate, is the occurrence of misbalance between the potential of socioeconomic development, and the character and rates of such development in reality. Crime indexes along with its dynamics must one of the targeted indicators in evaluation of efficiency of implementation of the socioeconomic policy on all levels.

Keywords: Spatial analysis, Territorial socioeconomic systems, Factors of socioeconomic development, Political-economic institutions, Social control, Institutional structure of society, Territorial differences of crime, Geography of crime, Causes of crime, Criminality

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.17205

Abstract: The subject of this research is the approaches of the European Union towards regulation of conflicts in Africa. The article present the analysis of the main conceptual positions of EU policy aimed at minimization of conflictogenic potential in African countries within the timeframe of 2003-2009; their theoretical and political aspects are being reviewed. The author focuses his attention on the fact that the leaders of EU member-states pursue humanistic goals, as attempt to demonstrate their independence from the United States. Based on the empirical material pertaining to resolution of the interethnic conflicts by the European Union, the author makes a conclusion the EU is not committed to carry responsibility for the solution of Africa’s problems or create any missions under the leadership of a single great power, particularly France. The European interference into Africa’s affairs, if not pursuing the obvious economic interests, takes place only if the safety of the European troops is not at risk or unless there is a need to demonstrate the EU power on international level.

Keywords: Regional security, Foreign policy, International relations, Military operation, European Union, Africa, Artemis, NATO, Resolution of conflicts, Ethnic conflict

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68018

Abstract: The subject of this research is the approaches of the European Union towards regulation of conflicts in Africa. The article present the analysis of the main conceptual positions of EU policy aimed at minimization of conflictogenic potential in African countries within the timeframe of 2003-2009; their theoretical and political aspects are being reviewed. The author focuses his attention on the fact that the leaders of EU member-states pursue humanistic goals, as attempt to demonstrate their independence from the United States. Based on the empirical material pertaining to resolution of the interethnic conflicts by the European Union, the author makes a conclusion the EU is not committed to carry responsibility for the solution of Africa’s problems or create any missions under the leadership of a single great power, particularly France. The European interference into Africa’s affairs, if not pursuing the obvious economic interests, takes place only if the safety of the European troops is not at risk or unless there is a need to demonstrate the EU power on international level.

Keywords: Regional security, Foreign policy, International relations, Military operation, European Union, Africa, Artemis, NATO, Resolution of conflicts, Ethnic conflict

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.17589

Abstract: The author explores the main types of places of isolation of the penal system: prisons with cell system of housing inmates, and correctional colonies with camp system of housing inmates. Based on the genesis, correlation, and competition the work defines five main concepts aimed at ensuring security of these facilities. These are: architectural concept, fortification concept, supervision concept, concept of cell/dormitory, as well as concept of universality (hybridity) of the places of isolation in the penal system. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the fact that the author presents a new outlook upon the typology of prison and correctional colonies. Through the genesis, correlation, and competition of these types of isolation places. The author proposes implementation of a promising model of a new type of isolation.

Keywords: Universality, Supervision, Fortification, Architecture, Concept, Correctional colony, Prison, Isolation places, Penal system, Security

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68019

Abstract: The author explores the main types of places of isolation of the penal system: prisons with cell system of housing inmates, and correctional colonies with camp system of housing inmates. Based on the genesis, correlation, and competition the work defines five main concepts aimed at ensuring security of these facilities. These are: architectural concept, fortification concept, supervision concept, concept of cell/dormitory, as well as concept of universality (hybridity) of the places of isolation in the penal system. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the fact that the author presents a new outlook upon the typology of prison and correctional colonies. Through the genesis, correlation, and competition of these types of isolation places. The author proposes implementation of a promising model of a new type of isolation.

Keywords: Universality, Supervision, Fortification, Architecture, Concept, Correctional colony, Prison, Isolation places, Penal system, Security