DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.4.40519

EDN: ONXLKA

Abstract: The subject of this article is the legal regulation of personal data protection in the field of medical care with the use of telemedicine technologies and digital healthcare. Its purpose is to identify and analyze the problems of personal data protection and to find ways to overcome them. The relevance of the work is due to the presence of a large number of leaks of personal data, gaps in regulation, and the lack of an effective system of norms aimed at preventing the compromise of patient information. The author examines the main aspects of regulating the procedure for working with the patient's consent to the processing of personal data. Much attention in the article is paid to blockchain technology, traditionally considered in the Russian legal literature only within the framework of the use of cryptocurrencies. The article also analyzes the issues of the application of civil liability measures for offenses in the field of personal data protection of recipients of telemedicine services.The author criticizes the unreasonably strict regulation of the procedure for obtaining the patient's consent to the processing of personal data by a medical organization, emphasizes the need to introduce a flexible form of consent. This will reduce the amount of information at risk of leakage. In addition, the idea of creating a mechanism for revoking the patient's consent to the processing of personal data and securing the patient's right to demand from the medical organization the termination of their processing is put forward. The paper points to the prospects for the use of blockchain in the field of telemedicine, including for the protection of personal data. A regulatory division of blockchain systems into centralized and decentralized ones is proposed, suggesting their different regulation in relation to the protection of confidential information. In addition, the article notes the lack of elaboration of the norms on civil liability for offenses in the field of working with personal data in telemedicine, it is proposed to tighten regulation in order to increase the level of protection of patients' rights.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.4.38621

EDN: WBVIPX

Abstract: The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of regulatory and legal mechanisms for ensuring the integrity of the Russian system of scientific certification. Due to the growing variety of forms and rules of dissertation defense in dissertation councils of various organizations, the question of whether the modern system is capable of providing equal rights and opportunities for all applicants for academic degrees becomes relevant. To find answers to this question, the study identified three subsystems formed by dissertation councils under the direct supervision of the Higher Attestation Commission, leading educational and scientific organizations, as well as spiritual educational organizations. In order to consider the specifics of each of the groups, a comparative analysis of regulatory and legal acts regulating the awarding of academic degrees and their subsequent use was carried out. The conducted study revealed that with visible integrity, the overall certification system is quite heterogeneous. Firstly, academic degrees in various subsystems have different naming options, which creates a problem of their comparison. Secondly, with the same name, the conditions for awarding may differ significantly, which leads to inequality of applicants. Thirdly, if the conditions of certification are equal, holders of academic degrees receive rights and opportunities in different amounts. The identified problematic aspects require clarification at the level of federal legislation.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.4.39863

EDN: YGXCJA

Abstract: Our article is designed to identify the actual problems of the execution of administrative punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to drive vehicles of all kinds on the example of the interaction of traffic police and Gostekhnadzor bodies in the Russian Federation and propose their solution. The relevance of our topic is related to the annual increase in the number of registered vehicles in the Russian Federation, for the management of which more and more certificates are issued. At the same time, being an unconditional source of increased danger, the vehicle and the person driving it on the basis of the right granted by the state always bear the risk of harm to health, human life, the environment, property, which naturally can lead to violation of the foundations of the constitutional order, morality, rights and legitimate interests of people.   The main objective of our article is to determine the theoretical foundations of the state's activities to endow subjects of administrative and legal relations with the right to drive vehicles, as well as to consider the reasons for the ineffectiveness of interaction between traffic police and Gostekhnadzor bodies in the Russian Federation for the execution of administrative punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to drive vehicles. The uniqueness of the work and its scientific novelty lies in the fact that compliance with the provisions of the Code of the Russian Federation on the execution of administrative punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to drive vehicles is proposed to be achieved by introducing into practice the activities of the traffic police and Gostechnadzor bodies in the Russian Federation, the practical experience of interaction between the inspection of Gostechnadzor of the Kursk region with the territorial divisions of the traffic police of the Kursk region, which has already been implemented for two years areas.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.4.38445

EDN: XHRAVA

Abstract: The subject of the study is problematic issues related to the concept of the subject of the crime under Article 222.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, namely, an explosive device, and with the assessment of the degree of public danger of objects that have the design features of explosive devices, but are not legally such. To resolve the issue of the relevance of the subject to the subject of Article 222.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as a rule, an explosive examination is appointed, however, expert terminology is based on special knowledge in the field of forensic explosives and differs somewhat from legal. The purpose of the work is a detailed study of these inconsistencies in the concepts of an explosive device, an assessment of the degree of public danger of a number of objects that are not explosive devices, but contain an explosive charge and have other design features of explosive devices. In the course of the study, methods of observation, comparison, analysis of expert practice, current legislation and scientific literature were applied.   The novelty of the research lies in the study of the concept of an explosive device both from a legislative point of view and from the point of view of forensic explosives. According to the results of the study, the necessity of changing the legislative approach to the concept of an explosive device, and revaluation of the degree of public danger of imitation and pyrotechnic devices is argued. Recommendations have been developed to bring the measures of the criminal law fight against illegal trafficking of explosives and explosive devices in line with modern requirements. The results of the work can be used both in the judicial interpretation of the subject of the crime provided for in Article 222.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and directly by the law enforcement officer when evaluating the conclusions of the explosive expertise.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2023.4.40507

EDN: QTHVPH

Abstract: The author discusses the features of the legal regulation of taxation of transactions of individuals with digital financial assets of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, the author identified a gap in the legal regulation of taxation of digital financial assets in the Russian Federation, when comparing the concept of digital financial assets and tokens. Public relations arising in connection with the turnover of digital financial assets are regulated by the CFA Law, while neither legislation nor law enforcement practice has determined whether the provisions of the CFA Law apply to relations regarding objects corresponding to the characteristics of digital financial assets, but issued in violation of the CFA Law. In this connection, it is necessary to determine whether the norms of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation apply to relations with tokens (digital financial assets) that were issued before the adoption of the CFA Law. The problem is that there is currently no explanation regarding the applicability of the CFA Law to the relations that arise regarding digital financial assets (tokens) that were issued before the CFA Law came into force. Goal of the study was to investigate the experience of foreign legislation and law enforcement practice of the Russian Federation and to identify the problems of legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions of individuals with digital financial assets.