Philosophy and Culture - rubric The issues of holistic world

Abstract: the events happening in the world now make us question whether they are the result of progress or regress of modern civilization. The most dramatic thing is that, with each passing day it is becoming more and more difficult to distinguish the Evil from the Good, the False from the Truth, the Ugliness from the Beauty, the Injustice from the Justice, criminal deeds from the heroic acts, bad people from the good, pseudo entrepreneurship from the true entrepreneurship, forwardness from the free will, illusions from the reality, anarchy from the order, wrong from the right, pseudo democracy from democracy, immorality from the good morals, and so on. According to the author, the idea of social naturalism creates the grounds for the anti-crisis world perception.

Keywords: philosophy, naturalism, world outlook (world perception), nature, society, culture, crisis, progress, regress, human being.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.7.7926

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2018.9.27598

Abstract: This article examines the role and peculiarities of Russian cosmism in the system of scientific picture of the world in the late XIX – mid XX centuries. The author reviews the projective picture of the world of the Russian cosmic scientists N. F. Fyodorov, K. E. Tsiolkovsky, V. I. Vernadsky, as well as determines the link between the Russian cosmism and the realities of modern scientific picture of the world. The goal of this work is to substantiate the demand for the ideas of Russian cosmists for positive solution of the global challenges. The problem of evolution of the scientific picture of the world is coupled with the question on further qualitative development of human essence as a sentient and active being that apprehends and influences the evolutionary processes of Earth and Cosmos, in other words, wholeness of the world. Due to the fact that this article is intended for vast audience, the author signifies the concept and historical alternativeness of the scientific picture of the world, defines the role and peculiarities of Russian cosmism within the system of the scientific picture of the world, and considers the projective pictures of the world of the Russian cosmists. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of correlation between the ideas of Russian cosmism and the realities of the modern scientific picture of the world towards successful solution of the global challenges. As a result of the conducted research, the author defines the relevance of ideas of the Russian cosmism for the modern scientific picture of the world; signifies the key vectors of “fluctuation” of modern society as a system; determines the theoretical and practical grounds for positive development of the scientific picture of the world at the present stage.

Keywords: global challenges, Vernadsky Vladimir Ivanovich, Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Eduardovich, Fedorov Nikolai Fedorovich, scientific picture of the world, Russian cosmism, synergetics, universal evolutionism, digital society, order out of chaos

Abstract: The article is devoted to the general scientific conception of the global (universal) evolution in which selforganization of the material systems are the only and basic permanent process of progressive development in the visible Universe. Self-preservation is shown as a dominating form of existence of different forms of the material in the Universe that is materialized in items through evolution, in hidden matter (dark mass) through changes as some kind of ‘proto-evolution’, in space vacuum (dark energy) — through movements and rest. The main advantage of studying this type of evolution is thought to be a superhighway as the trajectory of evolution processes in the Universe lying in the basis of constant self-organization of the material systems starting from the Big Bang and ending with the social phase of evolution which has an uncertain and long-term socio-natural continuation.

Keywords: philosophy, global evolutionism, information criteria, global studies of the space, self-preservation, selforganization, superhighway, sustainable development, evolutionary conservatism, evolutionary global studies.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2018.4.25383

Abstract: In the focus of this research is the phenomenon of digital society, which is being the object of multiple scientific disciplines, yet remains outside the philosophical analysis. Relevance of this work is dictated by the need for holistic study of the phenomenon and its panoramic representation in light of the modern social transformations. Alongside the “digital society”, the article also analyzes the concepts of “numerical society”, “numerical world” and “digital world”, “digital measurement”, establishes their generic interconnection with the notions of “number” and “digit”, as well as examines the worldview foundations, peculiarities, and boundaries of their application. The theoretical methodological base contains the works of the ancient, medieval, and modern mathematicians and philosophers on the number as instrument for cognizing the world and society. A conclusion is formulated that digital society is modern state of information society, while the predicate “digital” reflects the complete, ultimate state in development of the society and world as a whole. Thus, a modern human comes to the antinomy – a desire to measure the immeasurable.

Keywords: ordering, numerical world, digital world, measurement, harmonization, digit, number, numerical society, digital society, cosmos

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.8.23991

Abstract: The subject of this research is the project of “culture of the future” by V. N. Muravyov. It represents an attempt of unification of the “common cause” values of N. F. Fyodorov with the ideals and methods of organization of people’s activity promulgated by the Soviet State in 1920’s. The goal of the work consists in examination of the aforementioned project from the perspective of possibility of its implementation, prerequisites for oncoming “future” mentioned in the writings of V. N. Muravyov. The author analyzes the strong and weak aspects of the project and compares them with modernity. Based on the materials to the work “Culture of the Future” alongside other compilations of the philosopher, the author restores the project of transformation of culture compared to its status at the present stage. Similar research of V. N. Muryavyov’s project of culture have not been previously conducted. The author notes maintenance of the interest towards some ideas of the project that undergone transformation in modern research, for example, an attempt to overcome human life and pursuit of a possibility for achieving immortality. Complete realization of the project in author’s version does not seem possible; the necessity of the suggested changes in culture is in doubt.

Keywords: projectivism, eugenics, immortality, resurrection, common cause, rhythm, culture, creation, collectivism, cosmism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.11.24683

Abstract: The subject of this research is the content and direction of the modern cultural processes that lead to the qualitative changes of local cultures, as well as the global cultural space as a whole. The goal of this work consists in determination of trends and prospects of the modern cultural dynamics. The authors examine the essence and content of the processes of globalization and unification of cultural space, virtualization and simulation of sociocultural reality, formation of quasi-society on the basis of Internet communication, features and peculiarities of functionality of the new “galactic of the social-network communication”. Methodology of the study includes the general development trends of the modern culture; its near and future prospect are analyzes from the perspective of the philosophy of life, symbolic interactionism and system-structural approach. A number of conclusions was made during the course of this work: with regards to modernity, can be acknowledged the homogenization of cultural landscape, emergence of the generalized cultural field as a result of globalization – a planetary trend of cultural dynamics. A positive impact of these processes can be observed from the perspective of the philosophy of life of Georg Simmel, according to which the flow of life sweeps away the created by it, but having become confined cultural forms, and leans towards the new, previously unknown. The signs of formation of that new detects another important and noticeable direction in transformation of the modern culture – virtualization and concurrent simulation of the entire sociocultural reality that grasp the economy, politics, social sphere, cultural and leisure, and mass communication. Virtual reality gradually obtains the status of primacy in relation to reality; and the manipulations with the symbols of things substitute the actions with the things themselves. The third trend in cultural dynamics that has powerfully asserted itself is the formation and rapid development of the “galactic of the social-network communication” that generates the quasi-society.

Keywords: quasi-society, Internet communication, simulation, virtualization, development trends, local cultures, globalization, cultural dynamics, modern culture, network communities

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.3.19238

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of one of the examples of rethinking of the ancient models held in the middle of the XVII century. In particular, based on the example we have discussed, the article demonstrates how in the beginning of the so-called "New Time" took place the transition from "discovery" Cosmos towards its "design”, including "historical" ("previous" or "previously known") models. The article also describes in what distorted way, at times in reconstruction of the previously existed models, by significant achievements of the Greek analytical thought in the XVII century, the basic principles of the depiction of Cosmos formulated by the philosophers of the V –II BC could be interweaved. The article applies a comparative analysis of the sources related to the subject of research, as well as critical analysis of the previously published works of the Russian and foreign scientists. The author conducts the analysis of the accepted within the history of science interpretation of A. Cellarius’ "Ptolemaic system of the world", which leans on the detailed study of its fragments, for compliance with the basic principles of the models of Cosmos recorded in the written sources. The main conclusion of the article lies in the fact that the examined interpretation of "Ptolemaic system of the world", in essence, does not manifest as image that illustrates the system of Ptolemy's world, but rather represents the synthetic image created in the middle of the XVII century, based on the free imaginative interpretation of ancient sources on one hand, and on the other – the baroque aesthetics. As a result, A. Cellarius’ "Ptolemaic system of the world" becomes a distinct symbol that had completely lost connection with the originally formed by K. Ptolemy image of the world.

Keywords: planetary spheres, model of the world, epistemological turn, Almagest, Ontology of Science, Existential Cosmos, geocentric model, Ptolemy's Cosmos, Science of New time, New World

Abstract: The article expands the traditional interpretation of Hegel’s ‘Phenomenology of Spirit’. The author shows that this work is a ‘demonstration’ of fuller understanding of the universal spirit which has an effect on its history: it is becoming less spontaneous. Self-actualization of spirit is the process of history turning into actual, i.e. reasonable history which consists of planning and realization of plans. In other words, history becomes a purposeful activity. It is literally ‘made’ by human and becomes his culture. Therefore, this is where the traditional conception of history ends. Still, ‘the end’ of history can actually become a new stage of world culture just the way Hegel’s ‘Phenomenology of Spirit’ became the beginning of his career as the great and famous philosopher.

Keywords: philosophy, Hegel, phenomenology, consciousness, spirit, self-consciousness, history, world, creation, culture.

Abstract: Based on the study of Byrats, the author of the article discusses the topic of a soul as the main meaning of vitality. Viewing the soul as a natural life force (as in the theory of panspermia, for instance) is typical for all nations practicing shamanism, or rather to say, shamanism reveals the theme of understanding nature. Buddhism also created detailed grounds for conception of the soul which is well shown in this article.

Keywords: cultural studies, culture, nature, soul, afterbirth, unity, shamanism, rite, Buddhism, vitality.

Abstract: At the present time there are dozens of different definitions of ‘complexity’. There is neither generally accepted definition of complexity nor one unified classification of complex systems. The author of the article makes an attempt to define the peculiarities of complexity and what distinguishes it from simplicity.

Keywords: philosophy, complexity, system, openness, nonlinearity, self-organization, adaptation, homeostasis, fractuality

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of retention of stability of modern society. The authors show that socio-cultural instability is the result of expansion of cultural models and systems of values that are represented as generally valid within the framework of the common global information space. Globalization challenges can be successfully solved only by a state institution capable of ensuring efficient management and social justice.

Keywords: philosophy, socio-cultural reality, social system, development, universalization, instability, state institution, civilization, environmental studies, globalization.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems arising before he Russian culture in the age of oncoming globalization processes. The author analyzes the impact of modern social and economic tendencies on national mentality and brief ly describes the ways to save the Russian culture under such conditions.

Keywords: philosophy, culture, globalization, westernization, mass cult, identity, values, mentality, social being.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.2.14139

Abstract: The research subject of this article is an outlook on the problem of spirituality in the context of holistic approach of the Teaching of Living Ethics. The modern society in its theoretical understanding the world and man follows the new European tradition of abstract thinking. This circumstance is seen as the cause of inaccuracy emerging in the process of thinking and, alongside with it, problems and crises in the life of society. Besides that, due to its specificity, abstract thinking doesn’t allow to create a wholesome system of understanding the world in which the phenomenon of spirituality would be realized in all its practical significance for life.The philosophical tradition of holistic approach offers a chance to solve the above mentioned problems. Its perfect embodiment is the Teaching of Living Ethics – the philosophy of cosmic thinking.The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that, viewed in this context, the holistic approach which is based on the ideological principle of Three-Hypostasis Essence of the Absolute creates a base for an integral synthetic perception of the world and man in it and lays the foundations of universal research methodology of synthesis. This approach allows us to get an answer to the question about the sense and significance of spirituality in man’s life and in its cosmic evolution, contributes to ethical, aesthetical and spiritual improvement of man and society.

Keywords: cosmic thinking, a holistic approach, synthesis, Three-Hypostasis Essence of the Absolute, Living Ethics, Eternity, Infinity, spirituality, Spiral Movement, Cosmic Magnet

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.2.66242

Keywords: cosmic thinking, a holistic approach, synthesis, Three-Hypostasis Essence of the Absolute, Living Ethics, Eternity, Infinity, spirituality, Spiral Movement, Cosmic Magnet

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2014.5.10931

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2014.5.64922

Abstract: The study of social integration as a structure and history making process starts with the discovering the elementary structural unit of social being. The author of the present article view individuals as minimal units of the system that are capable of rather independent performance of certain functions and social groups of different degrees of generality as elements and subsystems that constitute up-tending ‘horizontal’ levels of society. The levels of social organization are vertically ‘penetrated’ with all encompassing spheres of social life such as economy, politics, culture and others. Mutually overlapping ‘horizontal’ and ‘vertical’ decompositions create the structure of the social system. Methodological base of the research is presented by the systems approach which does not contradict but completes and specifies the materialist dialectics. Structural features of the social system are also described as the dynamic structuring of social systems, and social evolution is described as the constant structuring of social systems from the level of elementary interactions to formation of the global integrity and movement from disconnected and indefinite similarity to definite and coherent diversity of elements. The criterion for the progress of the social system is the richness and plasticity of internal and external structural connections being formed during the dual integration and differentiation process. The universal mechanism of structural development of the social system is the organizational selection from which positions we can consider both qualitative (social aromorphoses) and quantitative (not evolutionary) changes. Transformation processes take place at all stages of the system’s development including the stages of creation, formation, maturity and transformation. Under the conditions of continuous changes, maintenance of a stable society happens prognostically but not reactively due to its capacity for management, in particular, state management, and self-organization (self-management) that is ongoing mostly in the society. The change of a governing authority presenting the entire set of communications and relations the social system means that all its structure underwent essential transformation, too, and the society proceeded to a new level of the structure. Weakening or elimination of the management impact on the society as well as its excessive abundance of management connections are equally harmful. This dictates the need for search of the best balance between management and self-organization that is considerably defined by the structural type of integration — rigid centralization or dynamic structure that is based on at the action of feedback connections between the managing and managed elements.

Keywords: social integration, social structure, arrangement of society, social system, social evolution, global social integrity, social aromorphoses, non-evolutionary changes, structural levels, social relations.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.5.10990

Abstract: The process of institutionalization of the culture of sustainable human development is viewed by Gorlinsky as the development of a polystructural socio-historical phenomenon based on values. The structural foundation for institutionalization of this phenomenon consists of cultural patterns that can be defined as combinations of interrelated basic elements of culture that interwine with all the spheres of life-sustaining activity and allow to satisfy the society's need for development and security. The content of such culture is represented as the combination of values, communication, behavior and activity programs that define the goals and paths of social development, consensus achievement and maintenance of peace, and prevention of threats to human development. According to the author, the system of values related to the culture of sustainable human development includes axiological criteria of ability to live, socially integrate and consolidate as well as global values that reflect the degree of integration of local societies into the system of trans-regional and global relations. The problem of institutionalization of the culture of sustainable human development is viewed by the author applying the axiological approach and the method of structure-functional analysis. In his research Gorlinsky has used the concepts of 'cultural pattern' (introduced by Gregory Bateson and Umberto Eco) and the system of values being the 'cultural code' of the society (Jean Baudrillard and Vyacheslav Stepin). For the first time in the academic literature the problem of human sustainable development is being analyzed in terms of socio-cultural processes and social security based on values as the regulatory basis. The author of the article makes a conclusion that a system of values creates socio-cultural grounds for social integration, secure social environment, encourages moral behavior, innovative development and environmental balance and thus establishes the axiological foundation for developing the culture of sustainable human development.

Keywords: culture, values, human development, sustainability, security, institutionalization, system, structure, pattern, sociocultural code

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2015.5.66514

Keywords: culture, values, human development, sustainability, security, institutionalization, system, structure, pattern, sociocultural code

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.7.62938

Abstract: The article is devoted to patters and reasons of corruption drastically becoming the part of human spiritual life and his system of values. The author of the article focuses on socio-cultural factors of corruption development and fixation in social life. Special attention is paid at the need to research this anti-social and illegal phenomenon of corruption from the point of view of socio-humanitarian science and philosophy of science. The author particularly underlines how important the opinion of modern society on corruption and philosophical evaluation of an ontological status of corruption are. These aspects are paid special attention and these moments are to be taken into account by experts and researchers in the sphere of law.

Keywords: philosophy, corruption, power, society, state institution, values, norms, community, meaning, culture.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.8.4870

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.8.63096

Abstract: Based upon the systemic approach, the author of this article provides analysis of the changes in the worldview from the time when rational mind appeared, as well as the development of philosophical methodology. By showing interdependency and complementary character of idealism and materialism the author supports the conclusion on the need to develop methodology in order to overcome its limitations and its separation from reality.

Keywords: philosophy, worldview, methodology, thinking, system, idealism, materialism, dualism, development, transcendentalism.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.8.20360

Abstract: Rosanov created an original massage. He witnessed the being of things. This witness supposes the special relation to the events, that are happen and the perception of this presence as the reality. It causes the identity of being and reality in his works. It is the main plot of his texts, because the real world is changeable, and Rozanov foxes the points of this transformation. All, that seems to be real is for Rozanov the truth. In such way the concrete facts are connected with the unchangeable limit (being). To evidence this limit as the border between the idea and the structure is for Rozanov the main task. Rozanov takes writing as the technology and all other forms of society as the profanation. Rozanov trays to avoid this mistake, so , that why are his opinions subjective. Rozanov protects the ideal concepts of the real life. This concepts are present and we can feel this presence. The people forget about this presence, then they form and order the life. The reality is out of this forms and Rozanov turns to the everyday life. He uncovers the presence of the being. It gives Rozanov the opportunity to reappraise his attitude to the concrete things. It is the main topic of his massage without it the interpretation of his philosophy is impossible.

Keywords: position, life, form., reality, structure, thing, being, witness., Massage, limit

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.9.68109

Abstract: Analyzing the specificity of perception of the Slavic world, this article demonstrates that after accepting Christianity, the Russian culture as if froze in the religious captivity. All the development was taking place within the framework of the religious, namely Christian Orthodox tradition. The authors examine the shift of the spiritual dominants in transition from Paganism to Christianity. If Paganism taught a man to live in harmony with nature, Christianity teaches how to live in society. Christianity has its own peculiarities; it was never abstract or theoretical, but practical, ethical, and educational. The work also reviews the human relation to nature and society in the context of Eastern and Western worldview paradigms. For East it is characteristic to be in accordance with the voice of nature, while the West struggles against the nature, and imposes a feeling of a supernatural being. Rationalism dominates in the West, and irrationalism – in the East. The authors attempt to determine to which type of world and life perception the Eastern Slavic community can be referred to. Based on the views of C. Jung and A. Schweitzer, the conclusion is made that the Western culture is more extravert, while the Eastern culture is introvert. The West is progressive, and the East is conservative. For Orthodoxy, it is more characteristic to deny the world and life; it is more valuable to realize how to live a life properly, understanding the meaning and goal of life, rather than study the question of how this world is structured. Analyzing the dispute between the Westerners and Slavophiles, we should note that the viewed the dilemma of East and West in the context of differences between Catholicism and Orthodoxy, and not in a broader sense as the differences between the Eastern and Western worldview paradigms.

Keywords: Irrationalism, Rationalism, Extraversion, Introversion, Spiritual life, Worldview, Christianity, Paganism, Cataphatic theology, Apophatic theology

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2016.8.68144

Keywords: position, life, form., reality, structure, thing, being, witness., Massage, limit

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.12.9895

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2013.12.63602

Abstract: The logical basis for the present article is the continuity of the Mobius band which is still poorly studied. The idea of the Mobius band having only one side has been criticized by the followers of the bifurcation approach from the very beginning. The author of the present article distracts from the quantitative aspect of the matter and analysis of the side of the Mobius band and analyzes the Mobius band the point of interconvertibility of sides where dimensions stop differing and create the unique sphere of the Mobius space. Based on the results of research, the author offers an idea of ‘continuity’ based on demonstrated and observed infinite indivisibility of the Mobius band. It allows to come to solving important universal questions about indivisibility and inconvertibility of the matter. These properties are discovered by experiment in the Mobius band and proved by a strictly verified law. According to this law, the matter is long and continued and is capable of self-preservation, stable equilibrium and indestructibility. The universe has no ‘holes’, ‘borders’ or ‘gaps’. This is what metaphysical conceptions are based on. Metaphysical generalizations play an important role in science and human life, too. Metaphysical generalizations allow to solve the Poincare conjecture, to analyze the Euclid’s parallel axiom, to understand absolute properties of singularity possessed by human who can represent the principle of indivisibility himself because he can change the world and at the same time he exists according to the rules and laws of the same world.