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Abstract: Religion serves the needs of one’s soul. Human appeals to God when he suffers from loneliness, fear of death or internal pressure. Mysticism charms with its opportunities to make communication with God deeper and brighter. It gives hope for a miracle. Science demonstrates unchallenged triumph of a learning mind. Being the basis of civilization, science does not only explain spiritual truths but also helps people to make their life longer and better. So what are the peculiarities of philosophical way of world perception?

Keywords: philosophy, world perception, understanding of the world, spiritual structure, human, practice, cogitation, truth, free spirit, personality.

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Abstract: Philosophical and social sciences gave birth to different approaches to understanding of the relation between culture and civilization. Depending on the approach to this issue, culture is described as the part of civilization (Arnold Toynbee); one of the two sides of the historical process, civilization being the other side (Weber); an entity that includes civilization (Kagan). Some researchers viewed civilization as the death of culture (Spengler) and others view peculiarities of culture as the source of conflicts arising between civilizations (Samuel Huntington). Additional opportunities to research the issue are revealed by the modeling approach that allows to show the ontological unity of culture and civilization achieved through the balance of their ontological element. Analysis of the ‘must’ modes that form the structure of culture and civilization in the system of existence allows to clarity contradictions of the modern age and outline the paths of future human development.

Keywords: philosophy, culture, civilization, existence, the must, ideal, social, material, modeling, system.

Abstract: The article is devoted to dissipative cultural processes. The author represents the concept of cultural dissipations, borderline and delusive consciousness. The author determines influence of cultural dynamics on consciousness as determination processes. The main purpose of the article is to understand what processes make the picture perceived by one’s consciousness to differ from the reality. The author also develops the mechanism of reflection over the delusive consciousness as the hierarchy of material levels of existence.

Keywords: philosophy, consciousness, culture, dissipation, materialism, marginality, denial, crisis, self identity, reflection.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the biography of one of the most powerful analytical philosophers John Searle. His biography includes interesting personal and historical data about the philosopher’s childhood, teaching at Oxford and philosophical researches throughout his 40-year experience as a professor at University of California, Berkeley (California, USA). His scientific and creative activity has made a great contribution to researching language, mind and consciousness, human rationality and processes of building social reality. John Searle’ philosophical works received international recognition and his biography was translated into several languages. The philosopher also gave his lectures all over the world.

Keywords: philosophy, Searle, college, Oxford, philosophizing method, philosophy of language, speech acts, Jane Austen, Berkleley, the mind issue.

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Abstract: The article contains the analysis of the researchers’ points of view on ontological status of virtual reality. The author describes the three basic approaches viewing virtual reality as the for of reality, form of existence and the form of non-existence. As a result of a critical review, the author reveals the information concept of virtual reality viewing the latter as the main way of existence of information reality. The term ‘virtual-information reality’ is the main concept and the result of dialectic relation between the two forms of information existence — active and passive ones.

Keywords: philosophy, virtual, reality, existence, non-existence, information, virtuation, virtual, ideal, virtual information.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of true historical knowledge from the point of view of different philosophical approaches. The author defines the relations between the historical subject and object, views the concept of relativism and relativity of historical knowledge and provides the definitions of historical myth and mythological consciousness. Special attention is paid at he problem of truth in history. In modern philosophy of history the definition of truth is determined by the two circumstances: the nature of historical knowledge and cognition and significant changes in the category ‘truth’ in philosophy and methodology of science during XX century.

Keywords: philosophy, truth, history, historiosophy, cognition, myth, knowledge, term, categories, methodology.

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Abstract: The author of the article compares Nikolay Berdyaev’s and Semyon Frank’s views on knowledge and the process of cogitation. The author describes the connection between these two terms and will categories, creativity and intuition. The author also compares the main features of knowledge and cogitation described by Berdyaev and Frank.

Keywords: philosophy, soul, Frank, creativity, will categories, Russian emigration, knowledge, cognition.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological issues related to the phenomenon of regional identity. The author analyzes different scientific approaches to definition of the term ‘regional identity’ and offers his own conception of the structure of regional self-identity. Regional identity is viewed as the system of relations that builds the reality and in its turn is being built during social interaction. The author also defines the functions of regional identity.

Keywords: philosophy, region, regional identity, social system, ‘friends’ and ‘foes’, community borders, space, identity, social groups, territory.

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Abstract: The author of the article shows that the deepest roots of power sacralization in a modern Russian society are the historical peculiarities of culture formation. The peculiarities of formation of democracy in Russia are explained in the same way, too. As the experience of Russian history shows, active participation of citizens in the democratic process and their trust towards the government depend on the ability of government agencies solve the problems affecting interests of millions of people at all levels.

Keywords: philosophy, culture, democracy, Christianity, Orthodoxy, state, values, justice, management, belief.

Abstract: The article is devoted to analyzing Descartes’ cogito conception by comparing it with Husserl’s phenomenology. The author compares these two philosophical conceptions because he believes it to be possible to build the ontological theory based on transcendental subjectivity. Detailed analysis of the teaching about innate ideas allows to define Descartes’ basic conception equating cogitation and existence.

Keywords: philosophy, Descartes, Husserl, cogitation, existence, ego, idea, subjectivity, transcendency, phenomenology.

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Abstract: Extensive researches show how inconvertible psychophysical changes happening inside a body of an elderly person. However, no theories can actually explain man’s fundamental attitude to his own physicality and such changes. Besides personality peculiarities, these changes also have an element set forth by cultural stereotypes that play some kind of a basis for perceiving certain properties of the body depending on his As a result of the change in spiritual paradigms in European culture the world is turned into an aggregative, a construct of human mind and human loses his integrity and mostly acts as the actor of the cogitation process. Therefore, philosophical and anthropological analysis shows that the old age makes the problems of human existence more acute and reveals the true nature of existence. One of the crises of modern Western civilization is based on their attempt to achieve long years of life and perhaps even immortality passing by the old age that is viewed as the failure and impairment but not personal and social cultural achievement. It raises the importance of traditional cultures that respected the old age and long life was considered to be the result of spiritual and personality growth.

Keywords: philosophy, old age, spiritual paradigm, physicality, existential, gender aspect, death and immortality, fear, value of the old age, overcoming the old age.

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Abstract: The author of the article analyzes poetry from the point of view of rapture, elation, inner trancensus as well as from the traditional materialist theory of reflection. It is based on the study of esthetics of Esenin’s poetry lyrics. The author tries to understand how far the image becomes the bearer of the abstract nature and the method of getting insight into the matter of things whereby it becomes possible to get access to the deepest grounds of world perception that transform impressions into thoughts.

Keywords: philosophy, poetry, esthetics, trancensus, lyricism, poem, spirit, art, folklore, topic.

Abstract: Even though they had a pretty wild psychology, Mycenaean Greeks created the Greek Mystery.

Keywords: philosophy, acceleration, infantilism, cultural revolution, linear letter, neoteny, Dark Ages, technological revolution, urban revolution, civilization.

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Abstract: The article actualizes the problem of using innovative technologies in the science-and-education system from the point of view of synergetics. The article touches upon some issues that are planning to be solved with the help of innovative technologies. These include: organization of the students-and-teachers’ communications, rise of the science and Russian scientist’s statuses, complexity of knowledge transfer and perplexity of involving young people in a higher school.

Keywords: philosophy, education, innovation, synergetics, science, self-organization, discussions, integration, harmonization, knowledge.