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Abstract: The author of the article analyzes the role of ‘simple’ words and sayings in our life. It is underlined that words and sayings reflect the epoch and should be ‘treated with caution and respect’.

Keywords: philosophy, words, sayings, culture, society

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Abstract: At the present time there are dozens of different definitions of ‘complexity’. There is neither generally accepted definition of complexity nor one unified classification of complex systems. The author of the article makes an attempt to define the peculiarities of complexity and what distinguishes it from simplicity.

Keywords: philosophy, complexity, system, openness, nonlinearity, self-organization, adaptation, homeostasis, fractuality

Abstract: In his article R. Linton discusses the concept of culture and shows culture relates to human behavior and personality. The author defines such terms as ‘culture construct’, ‘culture’, ‘outcome of behavior’ and some others.

Keywords: philosophy, society, culture, human, behavior, personality

Abstract: The author of the article represents a comparat5ive analysis of the classical and modern approaches to the problem of rationality from the point of view of subject-object relations and construction of a scientific picture of the world. The author bases the conception of ‘communicative reality’ as well as develops the thought of the present stage of science being characterized by changes of the fundamental principals of science – in particular, transfer from closed system to the open self-developing system of the World.

Keywords: ‘new’ rationality, scientific picture of the world, subject of learning, object of learning, ‘communicative reality’, self-developing systems

Abstract: The article describes the ancient arians’ way of thinking. According to the author, it reflects the very particular way ancient arians perceived and understood the world as well as their attitudes to it. This form of mentality was characterized by a certain limitation, - subjectivity. Arians’ mentality has the following characteristics: objectivity of mental processes, extrapolation of truth to fiction, combination of the rational and irrational. Their intellect descended from the stage of perceptive understanding of the world to the stage of expalantion and interpretation.

Keywords: mentality, subjectivity, world view, subjectivization of nature, conscious, fiction, truth, duality, methods and ways of thinking, paradoxes, paradigms

Abstract: The article is devoted to significance, meaning and interpretation of the communication process in different cultures. Being the so-called sign systems, culture and language are closely related. As a mean of development of culture, language tells us about the past, present and future culture. The structure of the meaning level is very peculiar for every lingo culture which is usually due to the structure of the language. However, the structure of the level of ‘notions’ is similar for all people and does not depend on a concrete language. It gives an opportunity for different cultures to communicate and understand each other.

Keywords: significance, meaning, interpretation, lingo culture, conceptual level, inter-cultural communication

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Abstract: Having gone through mythological and philosophical stages of formation, Tyche’s image now symbolizes the spontaneous life of both cosmos and society. However, for a wise man this image is an essential condition of self-improvement and way to find stability and self-concentration in our unpredictable world.

Keywords: philosophy, accident, fate, polis, nomination, happiness, teleology, providence, mind

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Abstract: The economic crisis today is just one of the moments of the critical epoch of the world history over the past hundred of years. Perhaps, our country was influenced by the epoch even more than all the others. Are there any objective perspectives of a better situation in Russia in the nearest future? If there is, then what are they based on? And how do they depend on the Russian mentality? These issues are very interesting and topical for philosophy of culture as well.

Keywords: philosophy, creation of culture, history, Russian mentality, tradition, innovation, stabilization, crisis, globalization, transferred consciousness, evolution, revolution, harmonization of ethical beginnings

Abstract: The article shows that origins of morals and law were a grand event in the process of culture development. The author analyzed the mechanisms of cultural genesis and viewed the image of human as it is understood from the point of views of morals.

Keywords: philosophy, morals, law, cultural genesis, system of morals, human, culture, sociogenesis, unconsciousness

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Abstract: The article reveals the most important aspects of relations between culture and society from the point of view of ‘spiritual and non-spiritual’. Both culture and society appears to reach harmony at the point of ‘spirituality’. On the other hand, the latter is impossible without the system of ‘non-spirituality’. ‘Non-spirituality’ gives impulse for culture and society to resist all what is alien to them.

Keywords: philosophy, cultural sciences, society, spirituality, non spirituality, image, values, anti values, human, social

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of a person’s name in Pavel Florenksy’s philosophy. What is a name? Is it just a way to call a person in order to ease communication or is it something which actually defines our fate? According to the author, Florensky tried to answer those questions and gave a solid foundation for the theory of habitus by Pierre Bourdieu.

Keywords: philosophy, Name, word, sign, Florensky, habitus, human, family line, Bourdieu, anthropology, family name

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Abstract: The article is some kind of a cultural and philosophical review of existential forms of the body

Keywords: existential forms of the body, body-heart-rhythm, body-movements, body-imagination-self, body as a standard of truth, forced body and resisting body

Abstract: Mirror is a symbol interpreted very differently in different cultures. Based on the comparative analysis of symbolic meanings of mirror, the author of the article defines the differences in how different cultures describe the world around.

Keywords: philosophy, mirror, symbol, culture, reflection, twin, eidos, myth, Amaterasu, Narcissus

Abstract: The author of the article reveals the new term ‘composing’ and describes the process of creation of art image through the dialogue between the audience and the art work. The author underlines the process of composing has certain stages and leads to creation of unique compositions, - index and symbolic. The main function of those is to create conditions for a religiously virtual bond binding the ‘final’ with the ‘final’ and the ‘final’ with the ‘absolute’.

Keywords: philosophy, composition, composing, audience, creation-work, relation-dialogue, art image, education, dictate, enthusiasm

Abstract: The article is devoted to Immanuel Kant’s philosophical teaching about the world. The author summarized Kant’s views on international law and the main aspects of Kant’s teaching about the world. Special attention is given to the role of Kant’s teaching about the eternal peace in conditions of modern globalization.

Keywords: philosophy, Immanuel Kant, international law, eternal peace, right for peace, right for war, globalization, world society, international relations, primacy of law in politics