Abstract: Drawing a parallel between the Athens of the 6th century A.D. and our modern world, the author talks about the decline of morals which has led to the crisis. It is underlined that the further progress of the society and the end of the world crisis directly depend on our coming back to the initial system of human morals.

Keywords: philosophy, psychology, morals, system of morals, values

Abstract: The author of the article evidently proved the social and cultural priority of the anthropic principle of formation and proportioning in learning proportions and harmonic relations. The article also covers the particular features of anthropic principles, measures and unit measures in different cultural ethnos, architecture and culture of Old Russia. The author also made an attempt to justify the existence of the universal law lying in the basis of the human body’s proportions.

Keywords: philosophy, anthropic principle of formation and proportioning in ancient times, antique culture, other cultural and ethical systems. Old Russian anthropic measurement systems, systems of anthropic module proportioning

Abstract: The article considers the type of mentality which was fully shown when the authorities made a decision to expand the territory of Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts by pushing away the surrounding cultural sights including the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences which had been earlier located on Volhonka street. According to the author, particular features of such a type of mentality include: operating the system of priorities as a universal instrument for arranging the reality, attempts to simplify the social network, disrespect of cultural traditions and historical memory. Generally speaking, this type of mentality does not meet the requirements of the 21st century so it can significantly worsen the perspectives of the Russian society if it continues to be part of the governmental authorities.

Keywords: philosophy, power, culture, mentality, consciousness, priorities, expansion, historical memory, tradition, Volhonka, Institute of Philosophy, Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Christ the Savior Cathedral

Abstract: The article covers the questions raised by the bright philosopher who lived in the period of after-October immigration, Boris Petrovich Vysheslavtsev (1877-1954). These questions are devoted to the role of tragedy in a personal and social life. The author studied the ethical meaning of a human free will, antinomic nature of freedom and moral law and the Russian philosopher’s criticism of the so called ‘law ethics’. The author described both the negative and the positive sides of freedom, arbitrary behavior, failures and misfortunes. Special attention is given to the dialectics of tragedy, sublimation acts and ‘tragic’ optimism (particularly, in Orthodoxy). The article contains an analysis of very difficult questions for a Christian philosopher, the questions of arousal and overcoming a personal tragedy as well as God’s and the human’s role in dealing with tragic situations.

Keywords: philosophy, freedom, necessity, sublimation, tragedy, perception of the world, ethics, God, human

Abstract:

Abstract: This is an extract from the work ‘Problematic Human’ (Homme problematique) by the French philosopher and existentialist. The book ‘Problematic Human’ is mostly devoted to the questions of origin, nature and destination of the human. It is underlined that the ‘problematic nature’ of the human raises questions which go far beyond the particular issues solved by particular sciences.

Keywords: philosophy, psychology, human, existentialism, problematic human

Abstract: This paper highlights the historical formation of one of the most influential images of fate in ancient culture - Geymarmene. Arising from the Greeks at an early stage of the mythological perception of the world, it has undergone significant changes in its value. At first, it symbolized the clan revenge, returning the punishment for the crimes of ancestors to descendants, then later - becomes an independent element of space, through which the stoic sage "polishing" their virtues. Because of the "executioner" punishing their victims it is transformed into ecumenical "educator".

Keywords: fate, destiny, tribal morality, Geymarmene, Moira, retribution, space, justice, fate, philosophy, virtue

Abstract: The article is devoted to the structural and analytical analysis of mysticism which allows us to fully understand its structural and functional features unlike the traditional descriptive approach. The author compared the descriptive and analytical approaches to studying mysticism and described the elements of faith. The article also contains the morphology and the discourse of mysticism.

Keywords: philosophy, mysticism, religion, substrate, religious studies, morphology, discourse, ecstasy, analysis

Abstract: Esthetics as an element of Schiller’s philosophy has a good impact on creation of a new anthropological type of a human being. According to the author, creation is a pure, ideal human is a task of one century. Schiller’s conception of the human is based on esthetical up-brining which is very close to Kant’s theory.

Keywords: philosophy, philosophical anthropology, esthetics, esthetical up-bringing, beauty, art, esthetic motive, reasonable motive, moral personality, physical motive

Abstract: The article discusses the nature of dance and free style dance based on the performance ‘Poem of Ecstasy’ by Skryabin first shown during the festival ‘Moscow Action’ in 2005. It is shown that the free style dance can be viewed from the two sides, firstly, as an esoteric style of life, and secondly, as a new way of art. The author described the particular features of the free style dance in opposition to the classical dance.

Keywords: philosophy, dance, technique, body, corporeity, conceptualization, esotericism, state, music

Abstract: The article covers ideological and axiological grounds of Russian constitutionalism. The author described different approaches to defining axiological bases of constitutionalism. Based on them, the author also described the main ideas and the system of values of constitutionalist ideology.

Keywords: philosophy, ideology, idea, value, constitutionalism, constitution, system, politics, government, power

Abstract: The article is dedicated to the memory of the French ethnologist and anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss who died on October 30, 2009 in Paris. The author analyzed the main ideas of Levi-Strauss’ conception of myths as a type of speech described in his work ‘Mythologiques I-IV’. The author also studied the influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau on Claude Levi-Strauss’ views. It is underlined that the French philosopher made a great contribution to development of anthropology and philosophy.

Keywords: philosophy, myth, Rousseau, Claude Levi-Strauss

Abstract: This is an extract from the book by the French anthropologist and ethnologist Claude Levi-Strauss in which he had summed up his 20-years of experience in studying myths. The author analyzed the classical theories of myths in psychology (such as Freud’s and Jean Piaget’s theories). It is underlined that the study of myths inevitably raises more profound and difficult questions related to understanding human culture and being.

Keywords: philosophy, psychology, myth, understanding, culture, human