DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2020.9.33901

Abstract: The subject of this research is the housing and living conditions of the employees of the Ural Automotive Plant named after J. V. Stalin, established during the Great Patriotic War as a result of evacuation of one of the largest enterprises of Soviet automobile industry – Moscow Vehicle Plant named after J. V. Stalin. The article analyzes the process of accommodation of evacuated employees in the Ural rear, as well as describes ways of resolving their housing by the plant. Methodological framework consists of the generally accepted methods of historical science. The descriptive method allowed characterize the living situation of the employees of automotive plant. The historical-genetic method allowed tracing the changes in housing and living conditions of the employees of Ural Automotive Plant during the Great Patriotic War, as well as reconstructing the course of residential construction. The relevance of this work is substantiated by the detailed reconstruction of the mechanisms of functionality of defense economy on the example of a large industrial enterprise. Based on the report documentation and protocols of political party association of the plant, the article demonstrates the process of building factory housing, as well as the course and results of individual residential construction. The article reviews the conditions of living in dormitories. The conducted research explicates that the existing system of government and party administration managed to resolve the problems of evacuation and accommodation of the employees of the vehicle plant; and the active participation of political party association of the factory allowed addressing most urgent issues of the factory employees, and consolidating their efforts for solution of the socially important tasks.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-868X.2019.9.30664

Abstract: The subject of this research is the implementation of the regional economic policy of USSR with regards to the industrial Ural in 1945-1955. Based on the records on industrial output and transport statistics, the article examines the peculiarities of postwar development of the Ural industry, describes the industrial growth rates. Determines the structural changes in production during the first postwar decade. The relevance of the study is substantiated by the more profound understanding of the transformation process of industrial production of Ural Region after the end of the Great Patriotic War. Systematization and analysis of statistical data allow concretizing the existing historical-economic knowledge on the efficiency of postwar economic policy in USSR. Statistical method of collation and grouping help systematizing the quantitative data on the industrial growth rates, determined the development trends of Ural industry, as well as demonstrate changes in the structure of production. The use of descriptive method allows characterizing the transformations in the industrial development. Historical-genetic method reveals the factors of disproportions in economic development. Historical-systemic method views the process of implementation of economic policy in the Ural Region comprising its industries as a whole, as well as in broad ties and relationships with the neighboring territories.  The scientific novelty lies in conducting a special scientific research dedicated to postwar industrial development of the Ural Region involving the previously unused archival documents. The conclusion is made that the plans on creation a “closed cycle” production in Ural were not implemented to full extent. Despite the significant success of industry and high growth rates of gross figures, the economic development in the region retained substantial disproportions of development.

DOI: 10.7256/2409-868X.2016.4.20218

Abstract: This article based on the data of the administrative statistics, country documentation management, and periodical materials, analyzes the mechanisms of organization of the agricultural societies in the Ural region. The author presents the dynamics of formation of the agricultural societies in Russia, as well as demonstrates the place of Ural governorates in this process. The social structure of the founders and rankers of the public associations are being examined. Based on the example of separate societies, the work analyzes the vectors of the work, number of the participants and areas of their activity, ways and nature of interaction with the representatives of authorities and local self-governance. Special attention is focused on the role of county agricultural personnel, which is one of the main actors in the process of establishment of the agricultural societies in the Ural region. The author makes a conclusion that the agricultural societies were in the sphere of influence of the agricultural services of the government and county council. The growth in the number of agricultural societies was not directly linked to the high social activity of the peasant population, and in many ways acted as the result of the reformation process in agricultural sphere from the outside. The established as the result of the external influence agricultural societies performed the interlink function between the agriculturists and peasantry, playing the role of re-translators of the new production technologies.