DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.4.37814

Abstract: The article analyzes migration processes in Kenya during the independence era. Internal and external trends were analyzed in detail, including the relocation of the population within the country. The main channels and composition of emigration and immigration are highlighted. The factors causing the increasing outflow of qualified specialists from the country and the constant influx of refugees from neighboring African states with Kenya have been studied. The author paid special attention to the problem of illegal migration and the slave trade in modern Kenya. During the work on the material, a broad methodological base was used, including comparative analysis, problem-historical and civilizational approaches. The key factors provoking large-scale migration from Kenya include demographic pressure, high unemployment, ethnopolitical conflicts and environmental problems. The backbone of Kenyan emigrants is made up of highly qualified specialists. The bulk of people coming to the country are refugees from neighboring African States. The transit of migrants through Kenya is also very noticeable and has an obvious criminal and corruption connotation. Kenyan communities abroad do not lose touch with their historical homeland and serve as an important source of foreign exchange earnings for the country's economy. The Kenyan authorities do not see a threat to security in migration processes, consistently and pragmatically extracting maximum preferences from the current situation in this area in order to comply with national interests.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.4.37957

Abstract: The subject of the study is the problem of venomous snake bites (ophidism), which is relevant for modern public health and accumulates a range of diverse social practices aimed at preventing or reducing the negative consequences of human contact with a non-human agent (a venomous snake). The problem of ophidism is considered as a special case of conflict between humans and animals, in which a typical scenario of such interactions is embodied, due to the increased anthropogenic impact on nature, which received a powerful impetus during the formation of the colonial system and reached its maximum expression in the XX - early XXI century in the context of the cumulative growth of mankind. The study uses a comprehensive methodology based on a comparative historical approach, comparative analysis of statistical information, socio-philosophical interpretation of the problem of ophidism, considered as a special case of conflict interaction between a person and non-human agents. The approach developed within the framework of Critical Animal Studies (CAS). The study shows the evolution of understanding of the problem of ophidism and its significance in the second half of the XX century - early XXI century, the formation of interdisciplinary optics, which made it possible to interpret a set of particular situations as a single phenomenon due to the specifics of human-nature interaction, taking into account socio-economic factors and as one of the challenges for global health. The conclusion is made about the change in the logic of constructing the agency of the non-human side of the conflict, affecting social activity aimed at preventing it, as well as the possible rejection of the understanding of ophidism as a holistic problem under the influence of other challenges to global health, primarily the COVID-19 pandemic.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.4.37792

Abstract: The article is devoted to the dynamics of morality and the peculiarities of its functioning in various social fields. The interdependence of the cultural code of the epoch, the peculiarities of its reading and the transformation of moral matrices is investigated. The authors highlight the peculiarities of changing moral values in the digital age. The influence of digitalization on the behavior of users in the Network is shown. The issues of image formation in the Internet era, the impact of digitalization on the individual, the readiness of society for the achievements of the digital revolution are touched upon. It is said about the importance of compliance with ethical standards in the World Wide Web by all actors using IT innovations. The emphasis is placed on the psychological readiness of society members for digital scientific and technical achievements. Special attention is paid to the role of ideology, agitation and propaganda in the digital information space, their influence on the development of the ideological principles of citizens. The importance of the formation of moral values of Internet users is noted. The ways of prevention or possible resolution of social conflicts and risks associated with the ethical side of the use of information technologies are proposed. It is stated that under the influence of the Global Network and the constant improvement of information technologies, the ethics of individual behavior in society is gradually transformed. The article presents the results of the author's sociological research, which makes the conclusions of the article scientifically sound.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.4.37752

Abstract: The article is based on the materials of a sociological study conducted in 2021 in the city of Barnaul. The author emphasizes the importance of personal responsibility for the preservation and strengthening of one's own health. Notes the importance of human behavior in relation to their health as a necessary factor of their physical and mental well-being. On the basis of a questionnaire survey of students of Altai State University, some features of the self-preservation behavior of students during the spread of the coronavirus pandemic were studied. The analysis showed that the majority of respondents are aware of the importance of maintaining health, but at the same time do not actively engage in the preservation and restoration of health. Students lack the skills and abilities to lead a healthy lifestyle. According to the survey, the coronavirus pandemic did not have a special impact on certain aspects of the self-preservation behavior of students. Only a small part of the respondents tried to change their habits during the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, including vaccination. The sociological study revealed the attitude of modern student youth to the anti-covid measures taken. The results of the study indicate that one of the functions of the university in modern realities should be the work on changing the behavior of young people in relation to their own health, on the formation of healthy lifestyle skills.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.4.34006

Abstract: The article addresses those publications by Russian scientists on sociological aspects of social time, which are little known. In our opinion, all of them are pioneering in the area of sociology of time. The focus is on such concepts as «the past, the present, and the future time, their content and correlation»; «time as the process of change»; «using time and control over time»; «time of an individual and time of a social system»; «biological time» as a step towards social time. It is indicated, that the first sociological study on time budgets was conducted in Petrograd in 1921-1922 by P.Sorokin. We tried to remain within the field of sociology, understanding sociology as a science about functioning and changes in social systems; these social systems are presented by the subsystems of the subjects, their activity, and relations between them, «immersed» into the cultural-institutional environment. When working at this article, the authors focused on those statements of the researchers which are of conceptual significance for both the science and the solution of real time-budget problems.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-7144.2022.4.37692

Abstract: The relevance of the article is due to the nature of political discourse as a widespread social practice that mediates the sphere of politics as a whole and is in constant search, testing and using the most effective forms of conveying meaning. The article substantiates the role of the political narrative as a tool of political discourse that contributes to the explanation and dissemination of ideologies. The discursive approach and morphological analysis of ideologies make it possible to analyze the signs and features of the construction of political narratives, within which ideological concepts and ideologies move from the abstract level of reflection and speculative constructions to specific plots and examples from the history of the country, becoming more understandable to citizens and increasing their public capital. The analysis of cases on the choice between F. E. Dzerzhinsky and A. Nevsky for the installation of a monument in Moscow shows that a political narrative based on the events and figures of certain historical periods of a particular state has the necessary potential to influence political opinions, beliefs and actions. Using the narratives of F. E. Dzerzhinsky and A. Nevsky as an example, it is proved that the political narrative is able to dynamically transform itself, responding to the socio-political demands of a particular historical period, and harmoniously integrate into the current political system. It is concluded that the development of narrative as a tool for working with political discourse and the use of historical events and figures in it is an obligatory form of social practice for any political actor aimed at gaining political power, defending his political interests and promoting and spreading ideology and ideological concepts.